Module1 第一单元最新版单词及短语.doc

Module 1 Unit 1 School Life2012/7/5一、重点单词与短语：1. enjoyable adj. 有乐趣的，令人愉快的an enjoyable experience/holiday 一次令人愉快的经历/一个令人愉快的假期Water-skiing is very enjoyable. 滑水橇是非常有趣的。enjoyably adv.enjoy vt. 喜欢，喜爱；欣赏，享之乐；享受，享有（利益、权利、声誉）enjoy sth. 喜欢某事enjoy doing sth. 喜欢干某事enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快enjoyment n. 享乐，欢乐，愉快；享受，享有 u典题赏析：1) This is an _ holiday and we all _ ourselves.A. enjoyably; enjoy B. enjoyable; enjoyed C. enjoyable; enjoy D. enjoyment; enjoy2) He enjoys _ new friends when travelling,.A. to make B. making C. made D. to be made3) Young children enjoy _ by their teachers and parents.A. praising B. praise C. being praised D. to praise2. experience vt. 体验，经历 experience joy / nature / life / difficulties / defeat 体验快乐/体验自然/体验生活/经历困难/经历失败 n. 经验，体验 u；经历，阅历 ca man of much experience 一个经验丰富的人 learn by/from experience 从经验中学习 an unforgettable experience 一次难忘的经历 experienced adj. 有经验的，熟练的 be experienced at/in 在方面熟练/有经验典题赏析：1) Jumping out of _ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite_ exciting experience.A. /; the B. /; an C. an; an D. the; the 2) He has_ in teaching English, so he is_ in it.A. many experiences; experiencing B. many experiences; experiencedC. much experience; experiencing D. much experience; experienced3) Mr. Black has a lot of business_. I know by _ that this man cant be trusted.A. experience; experience B. experiences; experience C. experience; experiences D. experiences; experiences3. mean vt. 意思是；意味着；打算mean doing sth. 意味着干某事mean to do sth. 打算干某事mean sb. to do sth. 打算让某人干某事be meant for 注定要属于，注定要成；打算作之用mean that 意味着What do you mean by.? 你是什么意思?adj. 卑鄙的，吝啬的；差的，不好的；中间的，中等的；平均的be mean with sth. 对某物吝啬/不好be mean to sb. 对某人卑鄙/不好meaning n. 意思，意义 c/umeaningful adj. 有重要意义的，有涵义的meaningless adj. 无意义的典题赏析：1) Missing the last bus means _ home.A. to walk B. walking C. walked D. walk2) Im sorry, but I didnt mean _ out your secret.But you know, letting out ones secret means _ ones feelings.A. to let; to hurt B. letting; hurting C. to let; hurting D. letting; to hurt3) Why havent you bought any butter? I _ to but I forgot about it.A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected4) Id like to go to the cinema with you, Mum. Sorry, my dear, but the film is _ adults only.A. admitted B. permitted C. meant for D. intended to4. attend vt. “出席，参加”（指参加会议，典礼，婚礼，葬礼，仪式等。）；另外还有“上（学）；听（课、讲座）；照料，照看。”attend a meeting / a wedding/ a funeral /a ceremony/ /a dinner party参加会议/婚礼/葬礼/仪式/宴会attend school /a lecture /the baby上学/听讲座/照看孩子attend on/upon 照料；侍候attend to 注意，专心；处理attendance n. 出席，参加 u attendant n. 服务员 c辨析:和 take part in , join , join in的区别:1) take part in“参加，”指参加某种大型的群众性的活动并在其中发挥一定的作用，如体育，讨论，罢工，战斗，运动等。 take part in the Olympic Games /the discussion/the strike /the fighting 参加奥运会/ 讨论/罢工/战斗 take an active part in 积极参加当其后不接宾语时，用take part.2) join“参加，加入，”指参加组织，团体，政党，俱乐部或和某人在一起。join the army / the League / the Party/ the club/sb.参军/入团/入党/参加俱乐部/和某人在一起3) join in“参加，”指参加小型的娱乐性的活动、比赛等。join sb. in (doing) sth. 加入/和某人一起干某事。 join in the games / the work 参加游戏/工作 Lets join the children in the games. 让咱们和孩子们一起做游戏吧。 I didnt join them in writing that book. 我没有和他们一起写那本书。典题赏析：1) The doctor telephoned to say that he couldnt _ the meeting because he had to _ a patient.A. attend; attend to B. attend; attend on C. join; treat D. take part in; attend to 2) He cant _ you in playing cards. He has to exercise all day because he will _ the 2012 London Olympic Games.A. attend; join B. join; attend C. join; take part in D. attend; take part in3) I may be lateI have got one or two things to_.A. attend on B. attend to C. join in D. take part in5. earn vt. 获得；赚，挣得earn fame赢得名望earn money赚钱earn a/ones living 谋生earn a/ones living by 以/靠谋生典题赏析：1) How do they_? _ writing novels. 【2011江西上饶质量检测】A. earn their life; By B. earn their live; By C. make their living; On D. earn their living; By6. respect vt. 尊敬，敬重 n. 尊敬，敬重 u；敬意，问候 复；着眼点，关于 c；关系，关联 urespect sb. 尊重某人have /show respect for sb. 或show respect to sb.尊重某人give ones respects to sb. 代某人向某人问候in all respects=in every respect 在各个方面，在每一点上in respect of/to 关于；就而言with respect to 关于；就而言respectable adj. 值得尊敬的，高尚的；体面地，正派的respectful adj. 恭敬地，尊敬的，尊重的respective adj. 各自的，分别的典题赏析：根据句意填空1) They are _ teachers, we should _ them. 他们是值得尊重的老师，我们应该尊重他们。2) As students, we should_ _ _ our teachers. 作为学生，我们应该尊重老师。3) Please give my _ to your wife. 请代我向你的妻子问候。 4) The two friends said goodbye and went their _ ways. 两位朋友告别后，各走各的路。7. devote vt. 投入，献身，奉献，贡献devoteto“献身于，致力于，专心于；把投入到”，后通常接oneself/ones life/ones time/ones energy/ones money/ones attention等。The scientist devoted himself to research. 那位科学家致力于研究。He devotes his time to reading. 他把时间投入到看书当中。They devoted their life to helping the poor. 他们一生致力于帮助穷人。devoted adj. 献身的；忠诚的；疼爱的；专心于；专用于be devoted to 对忠诚/疼爱；献身于，致力于，专心致志于；专用于He is devoted to his country. 他对祖国忠诚。She is devoted to her son. 她疼爱她的儿子。They are devoted to reading. 他们在专心致志地看书。This magazine is devoted to children. 这份杂志是儿童专用的。devotion n. 热爱，投入；忠诚；献身，奉献 u（与介词to连用）devotion to duty/teaching 忠于职守/热爱教学类似:object to, stick to, lead to, see to, contribute to, belong to, pay attention to, look forward to, be used to, get down to, be opposed to, look up to, prefer.to., dedicate.to.典题赏析：1) The experiment they devoted themselves _ at last.A. to success B. to succeeding C. to succeeded D. succeeded2) _ to the Chinese revolution cause, Dr. Bethune was widely respected by the Chinese people.A. Devoting B. Devoted C. To devote D. Devote8. achieve vt. 赢得，取得，实现，成就 achieve victory/success 取得胜利/成功achieve ones goal/aim 实现目标achievement n. 成就，伟绩 c；取得，完成 umake great achievements 取得伟大的成就 achievable adj. 能完成的，能达到的9. average adj. 平均的，普通的the average temperature平均气温the average man 普通人 n. 平均数，一般水平，平均标准 u/cThe average of 3, 8 and 10 is 7. 3,8,10的平均数是7 vt. 平均为，平均之量为 I average 8 hours work a day. 我每天平均工作八个小时。on (an/the ) average 平均，平均起来above (the) average 在一般水平以上below (the) average 在一般水平以下the average of+名复“的平均数，”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。an average of +名复“的平均数，”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The average of letters is 6 a day. 信的平均数是每天六封。An average of letters are 6 a day. 信的平均数是每天六封。典题赏析：1) His income is well _ the average, so he has decided to leave to find a better job.A. above B. within C. on D. below2) The average of these numbers_ 40.A. has B. have C. is D. are10. struggle n. 难事；斗争；努力vi. 奋斗，努力；挣扎；斗争struggle for 为而斗争struggle with 和一起斗争struggle against 为反对而斗争struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来辨析：struggle与fight的区别：1) struggle “斗争，挣扎”，指肉体或精神上的搏斗。2) fight “打仗，战斗；打架”，引申为一般的斗争。典题赏析：1) The poor man _ in the roaring water. It seemed only seconds before he was swallowed.A. struck B. shook C. struggled D. pulled2) Often he stopped his work to act as peace-maker if they seemed about to_.A. struggle B. fight C. play D. beat3) He has been struggling _ in his business. A. against success B. with success C. for success D. to success4) The working people have never stopped their struggle _ unfair treatment.A. against B. for C. with D. to11. used to 过去常常used to do sth. 过去常常干某事be used to do sth. 被用来干某事be used to doing sth. 习惯于干某事典题赏析：根据句意填空1) We _ _ _ there. 我们过去常常住在那儿。2) Knives_ _ _ _ things. 刀子被用来割东西。3) We_ _ _ _ up early. 我们习惯于早起。12. challenging adj. 具有挑战性的；有吸引力的challenging cup/flag 优胜杯/旗challenge n./vt. 挑战 challenge sb. to sth. 向某人挑战某事I challenge him to a game of tennis. 我邀他比赛网球，一较高下。challenge sb. to do sth. 向某人挑战干某事He challenged Mike to swim across the river. 他邀迈克比赛，游过那条河。give a challenge. 挑战accept a challenge 应战13. free adj. 自由的，空闲的；免费的；慷慨的，大方的；免于，不受的困扰 adv. 自由地；免费地 vt. 释放，放走，解放；解除，使摆脱（of/from）be free from/of 不受的影响，没有的，摆脱的be free with 对大方/慷慨be free to do sth. 自由地/随意地/不受拘束地干某事set free 释放，获得自由for free（=for nothing/free of charge /without payment）免费freely adv.自由地，随便地；情愿地，爽快地；大方地，慷慨地 freedom n. 自由 u典题赏析：1) These tickets are_; the film company gave them away to us_.A. for free; free B. free; freely C. for free; freely D. freely; free of charge2) These books are given away_, you can read them_.A. free; free B. free; freely C. freely; freely D. freely; free3) She cant free herself _ the idea that someone is watching her all the time.A. against B. of C. for D. at4) He has _ cancer for years and is never _ pain.A. suffered from; free from B. suffered from; away from C. suffered; free from D. suffered; away from14. extra adj. 额外的，外加的，特别的，另外的；临时的 an extra pay 额外报酬，外快do extra work 做额外工作；加班 adv. 特别地，格外地，非常The coffee is extra strong. 咖啡特别浓。He works extra hard. 他工作非常努力。 n. 额外人手，额外的东西；号外，临时工，临时演员 c15. fun n. 1) 玩笑，娱乐uhavefun 玩乐；玩得高兴 forfun =infun= forthefunofit 开玩笑地，为娱乐，闹着玩地makefunof 取笑，嘲弄 2) 有趣的人或事 u Tomisfun. 汤姆是位有趣的人。 Thepartyisgreatfun. 晚会是非常有趣的。 Itisfunfor sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，干某事是有趣的。Itisfunfor ustoswimintheriverinsummer. 对我们来说，夏天在河里游泳是有趣的。Whatfun it is for sb. to do sth.！对某人来说，干某事是多么的有趣呀！What funitis for ustoswimintheriverinsummer！对我们来说，夏天在河里游泳是多么的有趣呀！funny adj. 好玩的，好笑的；滑稽的典题赏析： 1) Tim is a _ boy _ has a dog and there are many stories of a lot of _ that happen between them.A. funny; who; fun B. fun; he; fun C. funny; he; fun D. fun; who; funny2) I would join a party tonight!_.A. For free B. Good luck C. Have fun D. Dont be late3) _ it is to skate on ice in winter!A. How fun B. What fun C. How funny D. What a fun4) It was _ fun to play on the beach that it attracted countless children.A. such great B. such a great C. so great D. so great a16. prepare vt. 准备，预备prepare sth. 准备某事/物prepare for 为做准备prepare to do sth. 准备干某事be (well) prepared for 为做好（充分的）准备be (well) prepared to do sth. 准备好做某事prepare sb. for sth. 使某人准备某事prepare sb. to do sth. 使某人准备干某事 preparation n. 准备 u/cin preparation 在准备中make preparations 做好准备 辨析：prepare和prepare for 1) prepare“准备”，谓语动作直接体现在宾语上。She is preparing lessons. 她正在准备功课（即在做功课）。2) prepare for“为做准备”，for的宾语一般只是谓语动作要达到的目的。She is preparing for lessons. 她正在为功课做准备。典题赏析：1) I stayed up very late, _ next weeks exam, because it is very important for us students.A. prepared B. to prepare for C. preparing for D. to prepare2) Havent you been thankful for the preparations she _ for the party?A. had B. made C. did D. took3) Whats the terrible noise? The neighbours _ for the party. 【04北京】A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare4) The students are well _ for the coming sports meeting.A. preparing B. prepared C. preparations D. to prepare5) As the monthly examination is coming, the teachers are preparing _ the test papers while the students are prepared _ the exam.A. for; for B. for; / C. /; for D. /; /17. be fond of 喜欢，喜爱18. missvt. 想念，怀念；错过，未击中，未赶上，未找到； 缺；遗漏，省去misssb. /sth. 想念某人/某物missdoingsth. 错过干某事missing adj. 不见了，失踪的，失去的，下落不明的 1) He was very sorry that he had missed _ her at the party.A. to see B. seeing C. to have seen D. saw2) What do you think of the movie?Its fantastic. The only pity is that I _ the beginning.A. missed B. had missed C. miss D. would miss3) The _ boy was last seen _ near the west lake.A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play19. look back（on） 回忆，回顾20. satisfaction n. 满意，满足 u with satisfaction 满意地，满足地to ones satisfaction 使某人满意的是satisfy vt. 满足，使满意satisfied adj. 满意的，满足的be satisfied with 对感到满意be satisfied to do sth. 干某事感到满意satisfying adj. 令人满意的，使人满足的satisfactory adj. 令人满意的，圆满的典题赏析：1) The teacher was _ with his answer.A. satisfying B. satisfied C. satisfy D. satisfactory2) To his parents_, the boy passed the entrance examination.A. satisfying B. satisfy C. satisfaction D. satisfactory3) The young boy gave a _ answer to his teacher.A. satisfy B. satisfied C. satisfactory D. satisfaction21. introduce vt. 介绍，引进，传入introduce oneself 自我介绍introduceto 把介绍给introduce sth. into/to 把某物引进introduction n. 介绍，引进 u 典题赏析：根据句意填空1) Now let me _ my first teacher _ you all. 现在让我把我的启蒙老师介绍给你们大家。2) Paper-making was_ _ Europe from China long ago. 很久以前造纸术从中国传入到欧洲。3) He seems to _ Jane. He knows her well.A. introduce to B. be introducing to C. be introduced to D. have been introduced to22. graduate vi. 毕业n. 毕业生graduate from/at 毕业于graduation n. u 23. fluent adj. 流利的be fluent in 在方面流利/流畅fluency n. 流利，流畅 c/uwith fluency 流利地，流畅地fluently adv. 流利地24. develop vt. 培养，养成；发展，开发；冲洗；建立 develop reading skills/a habit of/industry/ones mind/a film/a friendship.培养阅读技巧/养成的习惯/发展工业/开发思维/冲洗胶卷/建立友谊development n. 发展 uwith the development of 随着的发展 developing adj. 发展中的 a developing country发展中国家 developed adj. 发达的 a developed country发达国家典题赏析：根据句意填空1) China is a _ country while America is a _ country. 中国是个发展中国家而美国是个发达国家。2) With the _ of society, pollution is becoming more and more serious. 随着社会的发展，污染变得越来越严重了。3) We should _ a good reading skill when we learn English. 当学英语的时候，我们应该养成良好的阅读习惯。25. donate vt. 捐赠，捐献，赠予donate blood 献血donateto 把捐赠/献给donation n. 捐赠 u；捐款，捐赠物 cdonor n. 捐赠者 c典题赏析：1) The millionaire donates a lot of money _ the poor every year.A. to help B. to helping C. helping D. help2) The Chief Manager made a donation of one million _ the City Museum. A. to B. atC. onD. for26. For one thing, for another thing 首先，其次；一则，再则For one thing. Also 首先，其次；一则，再则27. independent adj. 独立的an independent state 一个独立的国家independence n. 独立Independence Day 独立日28. make use of 利用make good use of 好好利用make full use of 充分利用典题赏析：1) The use they are _ the waste helps to save a lot of money.A. made of B. made from C. making up of D. making of2) They began to think about what use could be _ such materials.A made up B made from C made of D made out29. compare vt. 比较，对照；比喻，比作 n. 比较，对照 ucomparewith 把和相比compareto 把比作compared with/to 与相比beyond/past/without compare 无与伦比comparison n. 比较，对照 umake comparisons 作比较by comparison 比较起来beyond/without/out of all comparison无与伦比If you compare British football with American football, youll find many differences.如果你把英式足球和美式足球作比较，便会发现许多不同之处。Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。Compared with/to many women, she was indeed very fortunate. 和许多女人相比，她的确算是很幸运的了。1) When _ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared2) _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all.A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared3) In the 16-29 age group, 32% of women smoke _ 28% of men.A. comparing to B. comparing with C. compared to D. compare with30. somehow adv. 不知为什么；不知怎么地；莫名其妙地anyhow adv. 无论如何，不管怎样anyway adv. 不管如何Somehow I came to like her. 不知怎么地，我渐渐喜欢上她了。Anyhow I must finish the work today. 无论如何，今天我必须完成这项工作。He told me not to buy it, but I bought it anyway/anyhow. 他告诉我不要买，但不管如何我还是买下了。31. regret n. 遗憾，悔恨 u；抱歉，歉意 cwithout regret 毫无遗憾to ones regret 使某人遗憾的是to ones great regret=much to ones regret 使某人非常遗憾的是 vt. 为感到遗憾；后悔，抱歉regret sth. 为感到遗憾；后悔某事regret doing/having done sth. 后悔干了某事regret to do sth. 遗憾地干某事（后常接say, tell, inform等）regret that 遗憾；后悔典题赏析：1) I regret _ you that we are unable to offer you the job.A. informing B. having informed C. to inform D. to information2) She shouted at her parents. After that she deeply regretted _ her temper.A. to lose B. lose C. having lost D. lost3) They failed to finish the project in time. I regretted _ them. A. to be not able to help B. being not able to help C. not being able to help D. not be able to help32. inform vt. 通知，告知，告诉inform sb. of/about sth. 通知某人某事inform sb. that 通知某人inform sb. +疑问词+to dokeep sb. informed of sth. 通知某人某事inform against/on/upon sb. 告发某人 informed adj. 有知识的，见闻广的，了解情况的information n. 消息，信息，资料 u典题赏析：1) You should keep us _ of the truth. A. inform B. informing C. information D. informed33. runvt. 经营， 管理； 开动； 使跑 ，使奔； 刺， 戳， 撞； 冒（危险 ）；参加竞赛run a factory/a machine/a horse/ oneshead/a risk/a race经营工厂/开机器/骑马/撞头/冒险/参加赛跑 vt. 跑，奔；逃跑；竞赛，竞选；流，流动； 运转，走动；变成，变得；褪色 n. 奔，跑，跑步；短期旅行，路程；航程；路线，航线，班次 contherun 跑着，逃跑； 奔走；奔波inth