英语课题研究申报表.doc

研究性学习课题 研究性学习活动课题申报表西方传统节日Western Festivals一、 圣诞节（Christmas）Christmas every year December 25, is one of the church calendar traditional festival, it is the christians celebrate the birth of Jesus Christ celebrate Christmas day, in, most of the Catholic church will first try in December 24, i.e. the Christmas eve on December 25, held at midnight mass, and some of the Christian church will be good news, then held Christmas is celebrated on December 25; And the other big branch Christian orthodox Christmas celebration-is a year in the January 7. Westerners with red, green and white for three color color, Christmas Christmas comes every family to use color to decorate the Christmas. Red flower and have a Christmas Christmas candle. Green is the Christmas tree. It is Christmas decorations, cut down the main use of Chinese fir, bai is the evergreen tree of adornment of pyramid and into. The overhanging colorful lights, gifts and paper flowers, also a Christmas candle lit. Red and white set each other off becomes an interest is Santa Claus, Christmas activities in the most popular figure. Western children on Christmas Eve, before going to sleep in the fireplace or pillow next to put a sock waiting for Santa Claus in to put the present within the socks. In the west, playing Santa Claus is also a custom. 二、 万圣节（Halloween）In western countries, October 31, there was a Halloween, dictionary for The eve of explain All Saints, Chinese translation: / Halloween night. Thats from Christ was born of the ancient western European countries before, including Ireland, Scotland and wales. This several ancient Western Europe people call LuYiTe DE. LuYiTe New Years day in November, a New Years eve, DE LuYiTe people for young people to set team, wearing weird masks, carry carved pumpkin lamp lights (radish is the earliest Western Europe, the ancient custom late without pumpkin), they walk on between villages. But at the time for a celebration of the autumn harvest; Also have say Halloween, the legend that the dead, and the soul would on Halloween on the eve of the world to visit, it is said that people should let the ghost of a visit to see the harvest of ghosts and present a wonderful meal. All the lights, and fire came to scare away spirits, but also for the light, and guide the ghost route back. Halloween spread has completely without religion today superstition color, it became a childrens program, also is the young people of the fancy dress party program Halloween pumpkin of symbol is light, so the pumpkin pie is Halloween festivals food, especially in the United States. Pumpkin pie is in the American south in late autumn winter to the traditional homely snack, so common in, in particular, have to eat all the holy night before and after, become a kind of holiday foods. Another dry pumpkin seeds are also often be as Halloween food Children and teenagers in the night will make up into the street to candy, so the ghost of candy is also engage a kind of food.三、 愚人节（April fools day）Every year on April 1, the west is also the United States is the traditional folk festival April fools day. April fools day started in France. In 1564, the French first adopted new reform chronology Gregorian calendar (namely the solar calendar used now), to January 1 as the beginning of the year. But some of the stodgy people opposed the reform in accordance with the old and still stubbornly in April 1 this gift one day, celebrate the New Year. Claims to the reform of the conservative person mocks lavishly. Clever funny people in April 1 will give them false gift, invited them to false conference. And to be deceived conservatives called April fool or take the bait fish. From then on, people on 1 April fool, become France each other and popular customs. 18 th century, April fools day to Britain, then custom by British early immigrants brought to the United States. April fools day, people often organizes the family party, with the narcissus and the Daisy decorated the room. In the April fools day party, and a fake food customs. After dinner, guests can also eat candy from the pills were pleasant box. On April 1, the fish feast. Also is entirely new. To participate in color, usually an invitation to the banquet is made out of cardboard color small fish. Put among aquarium and small and exquisite on the fishing rod, each on fishing rod is a green ribbon, hanging to give guest gift-or an exquisite celluloid fish, or a fish basket filled with candy. It goes without saying that all the fish feast with fish dishes are made of. But the most typical April fools day activity still everybody jokes each other, USES lie to make fun of the other party. The children will tell parents said their bag broke a hole, or face a black spots such as adults. See, they leaned over to one side cried April fool. Side smile running off. Now April fools day in the United States has main festival of naughty boys. 四、 情人节（Valentines Day） The third century, a man named valentine christians denounced the Roman empire because of the oppression of the Christian believers, called for revolt against and were arrested. In prison, he and the wardens daughter love each other, then die. Martyrs This is just a day on February 14. Valentine died, the girl fell in the lovers grief, body and wept bitterly unceasingly, the presence of person all sad tears. The christians and the young men and women to commemorate the memorable day, as well as to express his Jill, the good wish of the February 14 th as valentines day. The Times are different, valentines day predict the marriage, the way of attracting lover is not the same. From ancient Rome to the Victorian era, people use two strains of 50 flowers to predict in marriage. Single men and women to 50 flowers planted two strains, the first letter of the flower to their name with the first letter of the same. If two flowers open photograph, may indicate the husband and wife is lifelong happy; If two deny flowers and leave, may indicate the husband and wife will be parted ways; If flowers are in full bloom, said the future of home earliest civilizations; If there is a flower fade or death, it means there is a party in the husband and wife will be prior to the other party and early death. Unmarried woman believe if the shoes place into the T word on the bed, and open window of words, will be the dream of their own lover or found him standing before bed. The success rate in the country, because of her suitors higher can see from the window put shoes specially. And a valentines day customs: before valentines, in a week for seven nights, will wear socks off on his left foot to the right foot, repeatedly wish: let my beloved can fall into people dream. It is said that, at this time next month old will be left behind a root of bright red silk cobolli gigli. And socks off around the neck of the qi love. 五、 感恩节（Thanks Giving）The fourth Thursday in November is Thanksgiving Day in the United States. Thanksgiving is the American people unique festival, is also an old American family holiday in the company of the United States, so a Thanksgiving always feel hospitable. The origin of the Thanksgiving to all the way back to the history of the United States. In 1620, was the famous may flower, ship carrying unbearable Britain Puritan religious persecution 102 arrive in America. In 1620 and 1621 in winter, they met with unthinkable difficulties, in the midst of suffering from cold and hunger, the winter of past, survive only 50 DuoRen immigrants. At this time, the kindness of the indians to immigrants brought the necessaries of life, also especially sent taught them how to hunting, fishing and grow corn, pumpkin. In the help from the indians, the immigrants finally a good harvest in the days of harvest, celebrating, according to traditional customs, religious immigrants stipulated the day of Thanksgiving to god, and decided to thank the sincerity of the indians, and asked them to help celebrate festivals. By 1941, the U.S. congress to pass a law for a year, Thanksgiving in the fourth Thursday of November 。 Roast Turkey is Thanksgiving traditions main course, usually the Turkey in all kinds of spices and stomach fort, and then the whole mix the good food only baked by male host, with the sword among all slices。Turkey in the roasting with bread dressing to absorb the tasty juice would come out, but cooking skills often because of different families and region and each different, application it is not easy to get what packing consistent. In addition, on the dinner table, people still can eat apples, oranges, chestnuts, walnuts and grapes, and mince pies, cranberry sauce, etc. After Thanksgiving dinner, sometimes people will do some traditional game, such as pumpkin race is the game with a small spoon push pumpkin run, the rules are not touch the pumpkin, first to the winner is the end point. For many years, the custom of celebrate Thanksgiving passed down from generation to generation, Thanksgiving is no matter what faith, what kind of people in the United States celebrates traditional festival. 六、 复活节（Easter）Easter is a Christian Jesus of the resurrection of the festival. Each year, the vernal equinox (March 21), after the first full month on Sunday is the bible about the day Jesus come back from the dead. For christians, Easter after Christmas. In 325, the decision to commemorate the Asia, the founder of the Christian religion Jesus raised, the annual full moon after the vernal equinox first Sunday as Easter, so every year, Easter specific dates not sure. According to Christian habits, and in the day before Easter, muslims are held to pray at night. Easter this day will have a religious ceremony and activities, such as holy communion etc, meet peoples first words were the Lord from the dead. And then people give each other children to eat eggs, sugar, speak the rabbit rabbit the story. Looking for the custom of the Easter egg hunt, according to the folk tale, is made by a German duchess. It is said that the brightly decorated eggs were the Easter bunny for the country children remained. The children find egg as a kind of game. The most elaborate Easter eggs are not even real eggs. A, Carl faberge, Russian jeweler had with gold, silver and jewels make eggs. The eggs opened to see little people, animals, plants and house. Russian emperor to as gifts. The Easter bunny is of a very old Easter symbol of modern version. The hare, a larger relative of the rabbit is designed to goddess eostre with of the holy things. In the Easter the custom of wearing new clothes began around 300 A.D., the first Christian, about the time of Constantine the emperor. He ordered that all the courtiers in Easter to wear the best clothes. Easter is also to you caring people send a flower, miniascape, brooches, holiday. Many people go to church to offer this church flowers. People tend to send each other CARDS or small gifts. 七、 母亲节（Mothers Day）Every year the second Sunday of may is mothers day, mothers day, 2011 is: May 8, 2011.Historians claim that the earliest may be in ancient Greece, people celebrate the holidays goddess. This is the mother of Zeus goddess, almost all Greek god from her offspring. On this day, the ancient greeks Greece to the mother of the gods and the cloth Sally (Cybele, Zeus, Poseidon, ha de2 si, Demeter, Hera and hestia, the mother, it is called the mother of the gods) salute. To the Romans, the scale of these activities will become even more big, celebrate the splendor of the lasts for three days. Of course, the ancient people to the goddess of worship is simply a superstition, it with respect to maternal today people are quite different. In the middle of the last century, mothers day spread to England, the British fasting period of the fourth Sunday as mothers day. On this day, go out in the outside of young people will return to the home, to their mother take a small gifts. ShiZhuHua wore. The color is to have cultured. The mother has died while wearing the white ShiZhuHua, and mother alive are ShiZhuHua wear red. On this day, people will try to spend the holiday, mother happy thanks and compensation they a year of hard work. The most common way is to give the mother of mothers day CARDS and gifts. The festival, each mother will be full of feeling of joy, accept the children and husband giving roses or other bouquets of flowers and candy, books and souvenirs, especially when they receive their children to make with crayons to the top of the childish write mom, I love you message card yet a little while, the more will feel particularly proud and delighted. But the most valuable, the most generous gift or put their from daily housework liberate, easily and rest all day. This day, many families are made by her husband and children put all the housework BaoXiaLai, mother dont have to cook, dont have to wash the dishes, also dont have to wash the clothes. Many families have to wait on the mother to eat breakfast in bed of practice. Summary：1、西方文化的起源（The origin of western culture ）In western countries, religion is the center of the culture and society. Peoples thoughts by religious to reaction can be. At the same time, religious through the human spirit for god or the control over their faith. It is no exaggeration to say, religious exists in all walks of life. Therefore, the festival with Christian has the close relation, in addition to Christmas, Easter also and religious. 2、 庆祝西方节日的方式（the western festivals celebrate the way）On Christmas Eve, the vast majority of people will celebrate Christmas in their own home to hold a special holiday celebrations. The family always decorate the Christmas tree and then the color packing gift in the below. On Christmas day, there are also many celebration. Exchanging gifts at Christmas, Christmas card given to relatives and friends is the world celebrate Christmas custom. 3、文化价值（Cultural value）Westerners respect people and nature. They emphasize the personal value, and pursue liberalism and individualism. Western humanitarian value personal value, emphasis on individual rights and freedoms. In traditional culture, we emphasize individual, publicize individualism. Take for valentines day, westerners are through the valentines day free to relay emotions, so as to enrich the life of modern. Full of modern humanism and romantic colour, to create a better life atmosphere. Westerners are bold and informal section, emphasize the concise way with romance. 结论（Conclusion）: holiday is a cultural phenomenon, but also we learn a powerful tool of culture. It in Chinese and western culture play important roles. At the same time, cultural exchange also become more and more popular, so understand traditional Chinese and western culture differences of how important it is for us. Fes