高考英语作文指导(6)表格式英语作文导与练.doc

天星教育网，因你而精彩！版权所有，侵权必究！表格式英语作文导与练表格式英语作文一般是在表格中给出一定的内容和情景，要求写一篇120词左右的短文。它属于控制型写作的范畴。历年高考都有此类型的作文，可算是高考作文类型中的“不倒翁”。表格式英语作文主要具备以下特点：天星版权所有1.题材涉及广泛，如人物介绍、地点介绍、新闻报道、生活话题及社会热门话题;体裁多种多样，包括应用文(书信、日记、通知、发言稿、寻物及招领启事等)、说明文、记叙文、议论文等。天星教育网2.与看图作文不同，表格作文提示点一目了然，需要表达的信息一览无余。答题时无须花过多的时间去揣摩写作内容，要点一般不会遗漏。3.与汉语提示作文不同，表格中通常是以不完整的汉语句子(包括术语或概括性的短语)作为提示形式出现。这样既能够让考生获得命题人所要求的信息，又留给考生一定的发挥空间，因而要求考生具备很强的语言驾驭能力和语篇整合能力。一、表格作文写作指导第一步，审题，做到四确定。(1)确定体裁格式;(2)确定主体时态;(3)确定中心人称;(4)确定内容要点。第二步，拟定提纲，布局谋篇。(1)创造良好的开端;(2)丰富多彩的叙述;(3)巧妙适当的过渡;(4)自然完美的结尾。第三步，词汇大搜索(注意“参考词汇”的提示作用)，遣词造句，行文成篇。二、表格作文写作应注意的事项天星教育网1.注意格式，避免填表式表达天星版权所有表格提示题虽然以表格作为提示形式，但要求以短文的形式(包括不同的文体)来表达。答题时应注意不同文体的格式，切忌将短文写成履历表。误例1人物介绍Name：Wang Shan Sex：female Age：16School：Bening Yangguang Middle School这种填表式表达显然不符合考试要求。正确表达应为：Im Wang Shan.gift of sixteen.presently attendingBeing Yangguang Middle SchooL.误例2日记Time：March 12.SundayWeather：finePlace：DangShanMountainWhat：planttrees正确表达应为：March 12.SundayFineIts March 12.Tree-planting Day.Eady in the morn-mg，My classmates and lwent to Dang Shan Mountain to planttrees.2.灵活变通，避免硬译式表达(1)简单罗列类：表格中的汉语提示简洁凝练，概括性强，表达时切忌逐字逐句翻译，也忌简单或机械地罗列要点，必要时要灵活调整或进行适当的补充。业余爱好：游泳、溜冰、集邮、流行音乐。罗列表达：Hobbits：swimming.skating.coHeetingstamps，popmusic 机械表达：Myhobbies are swimming.skating.collect-ing stamps，popmusic.灵活变通表达：Inmy spare time Ienjoy listing to pop mu-sic and collecting stamps.My favorite sports are swimming inSmllmer and skating in winter内容：白天，上课、做作业;晚上，做作业。天星版权所有罗列重复式表达：Inthe daytime.wetooklessons andhad to do our homework.In the evening.we had to do ourhomework.灵活变通表达：We have to go to school even at week-ends and do much homework both in the davtime and in theevenmg(2)直译类：表格中常出现抽象或复杂的汉语提示，这些提示往往以成语或经典谚语的形式出现，这时应善于变通，可采用转换手段将提示中的“雅词妙句”转换为通俗的汉语，然后用地道的英语表达。如：21世纪报图文并茂，广为人知，深受青睐。直译类：2lst Century has interesting arhcles and color-ful pictures.It is widely known and deeply loved by people转换表达：The 21 st Century has interesting atticles withc010fful pmtures.It is a Well-known newspaper.which isvery popular with studentsand English learners校园环境幽静，绿树成阴。转换表达：A.It is quiet in our school and there are alotoftrees in and around it.B.Ourschool is quiet with alot of trees.in and around it(3)汉语式英语。由于英语和汉语在语言结构上有很大的差异，部分同学受母语思维模式影响而写出不合规范或不合英语文化习惯的畸形英语。在用英语表达时一定要调整好语序，写出地道的英语句子。如：我们发现学好英语是很困难的。汉语式英语：We find thal to learn English well is diffi-cult.地道表达：We find it difficult to learn English well.呆在家里不能亲身了解外界。汉语式英语：Staylng athonle(T0 stay at thome)can notknowtheoutslde of the world地道表达：Thev Will lose the chance of getting to knowthe outslde world when staying athome.3.注意衔接，避免单句式表达高考写作不同于单句翻译。部分同学在表达时只注意单个句子的完整性，而忽略了句与句之间的衔接以及整个语篇的连贯性，致使全文虽没有语法错误，但逻辑性不强，可读性差。试比较： 原句：Many of us are in favor of staying at home.Thevthlnk its convement and eomfortable.Thev can save moneyfor other purposes.But thev will lose the chance of gettmg toknow the outsi de wold.修正：Many of us are in favor of staying at home.Theythink its both convenient and comfortable.Whats more.they can save money for other purposes.But they Will lose thechance of getting to knowthe outsldewodd.文章通过修正，巧妙地使用了过渡成分。这样，前后连贯，结构紧凑，收到了满意的效果。4.注意写作顺序，避免次序式表达天星版权所有表达时切忌千篇一律，不要完全按照表格内容出现的先后顺序来写，应从语篇角度统筹安排要表达的内容，必要时在表达顺序上作适当调整，目的是使全文重点突出，通顺连贯。实战演练：根据下表所提供的信息，写一篇题为“The Simllanties and differnces between newspapem andwebsites”的英语短文。注意：1短文须包括表中的全部内容，可适当发挥;2词数：100左右;3参考词汇：更新(update)、音频(au-dio)、视频(vldeo)。参考范文：The similaries and dlfferences betweennewspapers and websitesNewspapem and websItes are both imporant news mediain the world tody.They are Similar to eaeh other in some wayFor example，they are both used to providing news and infor-marion for people.They have diffeerent pages with various textsand pmturesBut there are great differnces between them.Newspa-pets are traditional and have a long hlstory.while websites areqmte new.We bsites need a computer and the Internet.whileyou can read newspaper everywhere And websdes have notonly texts with pictures