[考试宝典]2011职称英语强化班阅读判断讲义.doc

职称英语考试宝典 系列软件 阅读判断阅读下面的短文，每篇短文后面都有七句话，请根据短文的内容判断这些话是正确、错误还是在短文中没有提到。 Is it a Man, Is it a Bear or Is It Bigfoot?One night in March 1999, a man was driving from California to Oregon, Us ,to visit some friends. He had stopped his car to have some food when he started to hear strange noises. Turning on the headlights, he saw an 8-foot-tall creature covered in thick, dark hair. The creature stared at him for a minute, turned in the road and walked off slowly into the woods.In the past 50 years alone, there have been thousands of reported sightings of similar creatures in the US, Canada, the Himalayas and even Hubei Province in China. The creature is known as bigfoot.Bigfoot is said to be a very tall (between 2 and 4.5 metres), ape-like creature that is covered in hair and walks upright on two legs. It is very wary of human beings.Believers think bigfoot is a direct descendent of ancient gigantopithecus. But it remains one of the planets undiscovered secrets. There is a little evidence to support the believers theory: traces of hair, footprints and body prints as well as the reported sightings. Some people have even showed what they say are photos or films of bigfoot.But so far, no one has found bones or any other definite proof that the giant creature exists.As a result many people believe the evidence is just part of a big trick.The footprints are easy to make, they say: all you need do is to make two large feet out of plaster, attach them to the bottom of your shoes and walk with big steps. As for the photos and films, they are just people dressed in ape suits.They also say the sightings are not real, just people making mistakes. For example, bigfoot could be a bear living in the wild that sometimes stands up on its back legs.练习1. A man was driving from California to Oregon, US, when suddenly the saw a Bigfoot, so he stopped his car. A. right B. wrongC. Not mentioned2. Bigfoot is believed to have been seen in places including China. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned3. The photos of bigfoot are taken by filmmakers. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned4. Some people think that the footprints are made by bears in human shoes. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned5. There are contrary views on whether bigfoot exits or not. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned “Own”Your Childrens Education“Helping them isnt about showing your kids how to do the work. Its about being genuinely interested and having regular conversations about what theyre learning,”says J. Gary Knowles, a professor at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, part of the University of Toronto.Rozon has a slew of suggestions for how to get more involved. “Get to know the teacher. Discuss ways to tailor the assignments to your childs learning style. Spend time in the classroom. Ask for outlines of unit studies so you can find supplementary materials at the library or through videos. Read your childs textbooks: If you work a few pages ahead, youll be able to help them with problems they encounter.”Reading is another must, says Rozon. “Even after your children can read themselves, hearing somebody else read aloud is important. We nearly always have a book on the go; we read for at least a half hour before bedtime.” The more engaged a parent is, the more the child benefits. adds Bruce Arai. “The evidence is clear: Parental involvement is one of the most important factors in school success.” Arai cites the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, sponsored by Human Resources Development Canada (HRDC), which is measuring all aspects of child development. “The hours children spend in class are but one element of their education,” states HRDC, which says parental support, along with teacher support and a positive attitude towards school, all contribute to academic success.“I see every moment of every day as a learning experience,” says Goforth. “The most satisfying part of it is seeing the love of learning continued. Im not squelching my childrens desire to learn by insisting they learn. They learn because they want to.” Adds Jeanne Lambert, mother of Carey Graham: “Make the time, take the time, guide, lead, and encourage, If nothing else, your children learn you care, and thats the most important lesson you can give them.”练习1. According to the passage, parents should help their children with their homework. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned2. You should read your childs textbooks so that you can teach them. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned3. Children should always take a book with them on the way back from school and read it aloud. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned4. If parents show a lot of interest in their childrens study, the children will do better at school. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned5. It is very important that you let your children know you feel love and concern for them. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentionedStudies Show U.S. Spending Doesnt Get HealthThe United States may spend twice as much on health care as other rich countries1 but it is not getting results to match, according to studies released on Tuesday.But in the study of five wealthy coutries, published in the journal Health Affairs, researchers found no single nation had clearly the worst or best health care system.Gerard Anderson at Johns Hopkins Universitys school of public health and colleagues came up with a list of 21 health fields they could evenly compare across the five countries Australia, Canda, Britain, New Zealand and the United States.“None of the five countries is consistently the best or the worst on all 21 indicators,” Anderson said during a telephone briefing for reporters.“If you are looking for the place to get the best care, there isnt a single place, Every country has at least one indicator where it scores the best of the five countries and each country has at least one indicator where it scores the worst of the five countries.”But, he said, the United States is not getting value for money. “The United States should be particularly concerned about these results, given that we spend twice as much on health care as any other country. So spending more doesnt necessarily result in better outcomes.”Andersons group of international health experts sponsored by The Commonwealth Fund spent five years working on the study, getting the latest possible data from the five countries on areas such as breast cancer and leukemia survival, suicide rates, death rates from asthma, vaccination rates and cancer screening.练习1. The U.S spends twice as much on health care as other rich countries. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned2. The U.S is the place where people get the best health care. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned3. Each year, the U.S. spends more money on health care than the previous one. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned4. The more a country spends on health care, the better care its people enjoy. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned5. The study involved 5 countries and lasted 5 years. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned6. The other four countries provide better health care than the U.S. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned7. The U.S. is determined to do something about its health care system. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentionedMost Adults in U.S. Have Low Risk of Heart DiseaseMore than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years, according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.“I hope that these numbers will give physicians, researchers. health policy analysts, and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population.” lead author Dr. Earl S. Ford. from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects, between 20 and 79 years of age, who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.Overall, 82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent, 15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent, and 3 percent, and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age, and me were more likely than women to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10year risk of heart disease, a large proportion have a high or immediate risk, Dr. Daniel S. Berman, from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, and Dr. Nathan D. Wong, from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward, they add.练习1. The 10-year risk of heart disease is low for most US adults. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned2. Only 3 percent of US adults have a more than 10 percent 10year risk of heart disease. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned3. More than 100 thousand people participated in the survey. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned4. There was a greater proportion of men than women in the survey. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned5. The distributions of the risk of heart disease are closely related to race. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned6. Elderly people have a higher risk of heart disease than younger people. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned7. The US government will take measures to reduce the overall population risk. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentionedInventor of LED When Nick Holonyak set out to create a new kind of visible lighting using semiconductor alloys, his colleagues thought he was unrealistic. Today, his discovery of light-emitting diodes, or LEDs, ae used in everything from DVDs to alarm clocks to airports. Dozens of his students have continued his work, developing lighting used in traffic lights and other everyday technology.On April 23,2004, Holonyak received the $500,000 Lemelson-MIT Prize at a ceremony in Washington. This marks the 10th year that the Lemelson-MIT Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has given the award to prominent inventors.“Anytime you get an award, big or little, its always a surprise,” Holonyak said.Holonyak, 75, was a student of John Bardeen, an inventor of the transistor, in the early 1950s. After graduate school, Holonyak worked at Bell Labs. He later went to General Electric, where he invented a switch now widely used in house dimmer switches. Later, Holonyak started looking into how semiconductors could be used to generate light, But while his colleagues were looking at how to generate invisible light, he wanted to generate visible light. The LEDs he invented in 1962 now last about 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs, and are more environmentally friendly and cost effective.Holonyak, now a professor of electrical and computer engineering and physics at the University of Illinois, said he suspected that LEDs would become as commonplace as they are today, but didnt realize how many uses they would have.“You dont know in the beginning. You think youre doing something important, you think its worth doing, but you really cant tell what the big payoff is going to be, and when, and how, You just dont know,” he said.The Lemelson-MIT Program also recognized Edith Flanigen. 75. with the $100,000 Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award for he work on a new generation of “molecular sieves.” that can separate molecules by size.练习1. Holonyaks colleagues thought he would fail in his research on LEDs at the time when he started it. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned2. Holonyak believed that his students that were working with him on the project would get the Lemelson MIT Prize sooner or later. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned3. Holonyak was the inventor of the transistor in the early 1950s. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned4. Holonyak believed that LEDs would become very popular in the future. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned5. Holonyak said that you should not do anything you are not interested in. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned6. Edith Flanigen is the only co-inventor of LEDs. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned7. The Lemelson-MIT Prize has a history of over 100 years. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentionedEl NinoWhile some forecasting methods had limited success predicting the 1997 El Nino a few months in advance, the Columbia University researchers say their method can predict large El Nino events up to two years in advance. That would be good news for governments, farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy rainfall that El Nino can produce in various parts of the world.Using a computer, the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later El Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anticipate El Nino events dating back to 1857, using prior sea-surface temperatures. The results were reported in the latest issue of the journal Nature.The researchers say their method is not perfect, but Bryan C. Weare. a meteorologist at the University of California. Davis, who was not involved in the work, said it “suggests EL Nino is indeed predictable.”“This will probably convince others to search around more for even better methods,” said Weare. He added that the new method “makes it possible to predict El Nino at long lead times.” Other models also use sea-surface temperatures, but they have not looked as far back because they need other data, which is only available for recent decades, Weare said.The ability to predict the warming and cooling of the Pacific is of immense importance. The 1997 El Nino, for example, caused an estimated $20 billion in damage worldwide, offset by beneficial effects in other areas, said David Anderson, of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts in Reading, England. The 1887 El Nino, meanwhile, coincided with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine that killed perhaps 40 million in India and China, prompting the development of seasonal forecasting. Anderson said.When El Nino hit in 1991 and 1997, 200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone, according to a 2002 United Nations report.While predicting smaller El Nino events remains tricky, the ability to predict larger ones should be increased to at least a year if the new method is confirmed.El Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and years.The new forecasting method does not predict any major El Nino events in the next two years, although a weak warming toward the end of this year is possible.1. The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict El Nino a few months in advance. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned2. The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past El Nino occurrences and sea-surface temperatures. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned3. The Columbia University researchers are the first to use sea-surface temperatures to match the past El Nino occurrences. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned4. Weares contribution in predicting El Nino, was highly praised by other meteorologists. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned5. According to a Chinese report, the flooding in China caused by El Nino in 1991 and 1997 affected 200 million Chinese people. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned6. It takes about eight months for El Nino to reach its peak. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentioned7. A special institute has been set up in America to study El Nino. A. rightB. wrongC. Not mentionedTV Game ShowsOne of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience. A novel can be on the “best seller” list with a sale of fewer than 100,000 copies, but a popular TV show might have 70 million TV viewers. TV can make anything or anyone well-known overnight.This is the principle behind “quiz” or “game” shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of dollars just for fun. But all of this money can create problems .For instance, in the 1950s,quiz shows were very popular in the U.S. and almost everyone watched them. Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even had a career as a television personality. But one of the losers proved that Charles Van Doren was cheating. It turned out that the shows producers who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand. Why? Because if the audience didnt like the person who won the game, they turned the show off. The result of this cheating was a huge scandal. Based on his story, a movie under the title “Quiz Show” is on 40 years later:Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. But game shows are still here, though they arent taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are shows that send strangers on vacation trips together, or that try to cause newly-married couples to fight on TV, or that punish losers by humiliating them. The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions. 1. TV can make a beggar world-famous overnight. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned2.The principle behin