三单、现在分词变化规律.doc

第三人称单数只要不是I和you, 又是只有一个的时候（既可以指一个人也可以指一个物品），就是第三人称单数1、 人称代词：he, she, it2、 具体指某一个人：my mother, Julia, Bob, Xiaoling, Ben, Mike 等等3、 指某一个物品：his desk, my desk, my book, the pen, a glass（玻璃杯）4、 this/that/the/a/one +可数单数名词例如：this tree, that man, a book, the picture, one pen动词第三人称单数变化规则（一般现在时） 1、 一般情况下，动词后面直接加 s. 例如：workworks，getgets, readreads, saysays, playplays2、 以ch,sh,s,x 和 o 结尾的动词,在后面加es。 例如：dodoes, gogoes, watchwatches, catchcatches washwashes, finishfinishes, guessguesses, fixfixes3、以“辅音字母 + y”（辅音字母为倒数第二个字母，y为最后一个字母）结尾的动词，把 y变为 i 再加 es. 例如：study- studies try-tries carry-carries fly-flies cry-cries4、 特殊： 例如：havehas, beam/is, *注：英语26个字母中，元音字母为：a, e, i, o, u，剩下的21个全都是辅音字母。第三人称单数用于一般现在时，描述一件经常发生的事，例如含有频度副词（always, usually, often, sometimes, never）的句子, 含有every+（day, week, morning, afternoon, evening, night）当句子是否定句或者疑问句时，如果句子含有be动词（is, am, are）或者情态动词（can, could, will, would, must, should, may, might）时,则用这些词的否定形式（否定句）或把这些词提前（疑问句），如果句子不含有be动词或情态动词，则要使用助动词do来否定或提问,这时候原来的动词要用原形。1) He watches TV every night. （人称代词）否定句：He doesnt watch TV every night. （没有be动词或情态动词，用do。主语是第三人称单数，dodoes）一般疑问句：Does he watch TV every night?特殊疑问句：What does he do every night? How often does he watch TV?（他多久看一次电视？）2) She likes drawing pictures. （人称代词）否定句：She doesnt like drawing pictures.一般疑问句：Does she like drawing pictures?特殊疑问句：What does she like? Whats her hobby?3) It is usually rainy and cold in winter.（人称代词）否定句：It isnt usually rainy and cold in winter.一般疑问句：Is it usually rainy and cold in winter?4） Lily goes to school by bus. （具体人名）否定句：一般疑问句：5) Maths（数学） is my favourite subject. （科目）否定句：一般疑问句：6） My mother goes to work by car. （单数的人）否定句：一般疑问句：7） This is my teacher. (this) 否定句：一般疑问句： 8）That is a tree. (that)9) The red book is our teachers. （物品） 动词现在分词变化规则1、 一般情况下，动词后面直接加ing 例如：workworking, readreading, saysaying, playplaying, studystudying, trytrying, flyflying, dodoing, gogoing, watchwatching, washwashing, guessguessing, singsinging, ringringing2、 以“辅音字母 + e”结尾的动词，把e去掉后再加ing 例如：dancedancing, drivedriving, givegiving, hopehoping, taketaking，comecoming, liveliving3、 重读闭音节：双写最后的辅音再加ing 例如：sitsitting, runrunning, putputting, shopshopping, getgetting, forgetforgetting, beginbeginning, preferpreferring4、 特殊: 例如：lielying, diedying动词的现在分词用于现在进行时(am/is/are+doing)或者like/love/start/begin/finish等后面的动词1) The dog is running. （现在时）2) I am doing my homework in my bedroom. （现在时）3) Look, they are playing football in the playground. （现在时）4) I like reading books. 5) My hobby is drawing.6) Mike loves swimming.7) Lets start(=begin) cooking! 8) Does Julia finish doing her homework？情态动词（can, could, will, would, must, should, may, might）后面的动词用原形1) I can swim very fast.2) Can you do my homework?3) Could you please give me the book?4) I think I will want a cup o