动词-ing形式的被动语态.doc

Unit3 Under the seaPart3 Grammer 金台高中 朱丽萍动词ing形式的被动语态.动词ing形式的被动语态的构成形式：ving形式的被动形式有一般式和完成式两种形式，即being done和having been done。一般式表示一个被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生；完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如：That building being repaired is our library.正在维修的那座大楼是我们的图书馆。I appreciated having been given the chance to study abroad two years ago.我非常感激两年前获得了去国外学习的机会。.动词ing形式的被动语态的用法1)作主语Being punished by the headmaster made Jim unhappy.受到校长的惩罚使吉姆很不高兴。Its fun being taken to the zoo.被带去动物园真有意思。2)作宾语I forget once being taken to the seaside when I was young.我忘了小时候曾被带到海边。3)作表语What made his parents happy was his being admitted to a famous university.让他父母高兴的是他被名牌大学录取了。4)作宾语补足语He often watched the boats being unloaded.他常常看轮船卸货。5)作状语一般式的被动语态强调正在进行的被动动作，而完成式的被动语态则强调被动动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已完成。Being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were safe.有一堵厚墙掩护着，他们感到很安全。Having been shown around the lab, the visitors were taken to the playground.看过实验室之后，这些参观者又被带着去看操场了。6)作定语The meeting being held now is very important.现在正在召开的会议非常重要。He asked who was the man being operated on.他问正在接受手术的人是谁。知识拓展ving形式的被动式表示一个被动的动作正在进行；过去分词通常表示一个被动的动作已经发生；不定式的被动式通常表示将来的一个被动的动作。a meeting being held now 现在正在举行的一次会议a meeting held yesterday 昨天举行的一次会议a meeting to be held tomorrow 明天将举行的一次会议动名词的被动形式1. 当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这个动作的对象时，这个动名词一般要用被动形式。So being killed by sharks was a common occurrence. 因此那时给鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事。He could no bear being made fun of like that. 人家这样开他的玩笑他受不了。2. 在want, need, deserve, require等动词后，尽管表示的是被动的意思，我们却用动名词的主动形式。My pen needs filling. 我的笔该上墨水了。The point deserves mentioning. 这一点值得提一下.二、现在分词的被动形式在表示一个被动动作时，如果这个动作是现在正在进行的，或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生的，我们可以用现在分词的被动。当堂达标.单项填空1(2010安徽30) He had a wonderfull childhood，_with his mother to all corners of the world.AtravelBto travelCtraveled Dtraveling2(2010北京 21)_at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.ALooking BLook CTo look DLooked3(2010福建25) Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock，_supplies to Yushu, Qinghai province after the earthquake.Asending Bto send Chaving sent Dto have sent4(2010湖南21) Listen! Do you hear someone_for help?Acalling Bcall Cto call Dcalled 5(2010湖南26) Dina，_for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.Astruggling Bstruggled Chaving struggled Dto struggle6(2010江苏28) The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu，_the students to return to their classrooms.Aenabling Bhaving enabled Cto enable Dto have enabled7(2010江西24) The lady walked around the shops，_an eye out for bargains.Akeep Bkept Ckeeping Dto keep8(2010四川17) The lawyer listened with full attention，_to miss any point.Anot trying Btrying not Cto try not Dnot to try9(2010天津12)It rained heavily in the south，_serious flooding in several provinces.Acaused Bhaving caused Ccausing Dto cause 10(2010重庆30)The news shocked the public, _to great concern about students safety at school.Ahaving led BledCleading Dto lead11(2010浙江20) The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and_less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.Abeing weighed Bto weighCweighed Dweighing12(2010上海秋32)I had great difficulty_the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.Afind Bfound Cto find Dfinding13(2010上海秋35)_the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.AApproaching BApproached CTo approach DTo be approached14Janes summer vacation in America led_an American.Ato her marrying Bfor her to marryCto be married Dto her being married15Were all looking forward_.Ato be written to Bto writeCto being written to Dto writing16When he saw a mouse_on the table, he stopped drawing and_it.Aplay; watched Bplaying; watchedCplaying; watching Dto play; watching17He managed to steal into the room without_and took away all the money.Anoticing Bbeing noticedChave noticed Dhaving been noticed18More attention should be paid_the pollution of the environment.Ato protect Bto saveCto protecting Dto preventing19Whats the matter with the man?_from school for nothing made him mad.AHis son is absentBHis son being absentCHis sons being absentDHis sons absent20Its no good_work and not_up our experience.Adoing; to sum Bdoing; summingCto do; to sum Dto do; summing21What worried the boy most was_to visit his mother in the hospital.Ahis not allowingBhis not being allowedChis being not allowedDhaving not been allowed22He was angry at_the truth.Anot telling Bnot toldCnot being told Dnot having told23I try_the rule but I always forget.Why dont you try_it down?Ato remember; writing Bremember; to writeCto remember; to write Dremembering; writing24Do you feel like_there or shall we take a bus?Id like to walk. But since there isnt much time left, Id rather we_a taxi.Awalking; hire Bto walk; hireCto walk; hired Dwalking; hired25_a reply, he decided to write again.ANot receiving BNot having receivedCReceiving not DHaving not received26_such a good chance, he plans to learn more.ATo be given BHaving givenCHaving been given DGiving27The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed_.Acatching Bto be caughtCbeing caught Dto catch28While shopping, people sometimes cant help_into buying something they dont really need.Apersuade BpersuadingCbeing persuaded Dbe persuaded29She didnt remember_him before.Ahaving met Bhave metCto met Dto having met30What do you think of the book?Oh, excellent! Its worth_a second time.Ato read Bto be readCreading Dbeing read 单选题答案详解1.答案：D本题题意：他有一个美好的童年，随同母亲一起周游世界。本题考查分词短语担任状语。动作travel与主语he之间存在逻辑上的“主谓关系”，采用现在分词形式。2答案：A本题题意：看着同学们那一张张面孔，我察觉到了他们眼神中所流露出来的同样的兴奋神情。本题考查现在分词短语担任时间状语，表示与谓语动作同时发生的一个主动动作。3答案：A本题题意：地震发生后，大量的救援人员昼夜不停地为青海省玉树县提供补给。现在分词短语sending supplies to Yushu担任方式或伴随状语，表示句子的主语所发出的一个与谓语动作work同时发生的主动动作。4答案：A本题题意：听！你听见有人在喊救命吗？ 表示感觉的动词 see, hear, feel, smell以及listen(to), notice和watch等，它们既可以采用现在分词担任宾补，也可以采用不带to的不定式担任宾补，但含义不同。现在分词既可表示动作到目前为止已结束，也可表示仍在进行之中，所以它的用法较为普遍。但意欲强调这一动作到目前为止已经结束时，要用不带to的不定式。此外，表达一连串的动作时它比分词形式在形式上要简练些。例如： I saw him changing the wheel.(我看见他换轮子)这个句子可以指看见了动作的整个过程，也可指只看见动作的一部分。 I saw him change the wheel. 意指我看到了动作的全过程。5答案：C本题题意：蒂娜数月来一直在努力寻找一份作服务员的工作，最终在当地的广告代理公司得到了一个职位。本题考查分词短语担任时间状语，动作struggle与主语Dina之间构成逻辑上的“主谓关系”，且发生在谓语动作took a position之前，故采用现在分词的完成式。6答案：A本题题意：这位退休老人把自己的大多数积蓄都捐给了在玉树地震中受损的学校，使学生能够重返校园。现在分词短语在句中担任结果状语，表示一个自然而然的结果。7答案：C本题题意：那位女士在商店闲逛，仔细观察着那些便宜货。本题考查现在分词短语担任方式或伴随状语，表示一个与谓语动作walk同时发生的主动动作。注意，keep an eye out for表示“警戒；密切注意”。例如：The police have been instructed to keep an eye out for pickpockets at the fair. 警察奉命监视博览会里的扒手。8答案：B本题题意：律师全神贯注，试图抓住问题的要害。本题考查现在分词短语担任方式或伴随状语以及动词不定式否定式的用法。9答案：C本题题意：南方雨下得很大，几个省份发生了洪涝灾害。本题考查现在分词短语担任结果状语，表示一个自然而然的结果。10答案：C本题题意：这个消息使公众震惊，引发了人们对学生在校安全的高度关注。本题考查现在分词短语担任结果状语，表示一个自然而然的结果。 11答案：D本题题意：交通规则指出四岁以下以及体重不超过四十磅的儿童必须坐在儿童安全座椅上。现在分词短语weighing less than 40 pounds担任后置定语，修饰名词young children，相当于定语从句who/that weigh less than 40 pounds.12答案：D本题题意：在那家餐厅的菜单上，我很难找到适宜的饭菜。have difficulty(in)doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”。13答案：A本题题意：走近市中心，我们看到一个石头雕像，约10米高。本题考查现在分词短语担任时间状语，表示一个与谓语动作同时发生的主动动作。14答案：Alead to作“导致，产生”解，其中的to是介词，后接动名词，故排除B、C两项。be married to sb.表状态， marry sb.表动作。15答案：Clook forward to是一短语，其中to为介词，故排除A、B选项。从句意上分析应使用动名词的被动式。16答案：Bsee sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，and连接两个并列谓语，动词时态保持一致。17答案：Bwithout是介词，后接名词或动名词作宾语，此处用动名词的被动式表示“被人发现”。18答案：Dpay attention to是固定搭配，意为“注意”，to是介词，所以后接动名词作宾语；protect意为“保护”；p