大学英语四六级（翻译）.doc

大学英语四、六级汉译英第一章 翻译原则 “忠实、通顺”是翻译的基本标准和普遍原则。忠实于原文就是要忠实于原文表达的内容、结构、风格。表达通顺就是在忠实于原文的基础上，还要考虑目的语的表达习惯。其中，“忠实”原则是第一位的。 “直译”和“意译”是最基本的两种翻译方法。所谓直译，就是在译文语言条件许可时，在译文中既保持原文的内容，又保持原文的形式。意译则不拘泥于原文的形式，只要求将原文的大意准确地表达出来，译文自然顺畅即可。如果为了通顺而过分追求“意译”，就会变成“乱译”；如果为了保留原文的形式而过分追求“直译”，就会变成“硬译”。总之，这两个原则紧密结合，缺一不可。1. 词的翻译词义选择 是指词本来就有这个意思，问题是要我们将其在特定场合的正确意思选出来。选词时，要注意词义的广狭、所处的的语境、词的褒贬和感情色彩。例1原文：手机刷新了人与人的关系。译文：Cell phone has altered the relationship among people.分析：“刷新”此处实际是指“改变”，因此不宜译成refurbish或renovate，翻译成alter或change更恰当。例2原文：昨天看电影我没有买到好票。译文：I didnt buy a good seat for yesterdays film.分析：“好票”此处指“好座位”。例3原文：这所全国重点大学为社会输送了大批的人才。译文：The national key university has prepared batches of qualified graduates for the society.分析：“输送”在此具体指“培养”，根据语境，“人才”译为qualified graduates比较确切。 例4原文：老师答应给这几个学生“开小灶”。译文：The teacher has promised to give these students special tuition.分析：“开小灶”是比喻词汇，应译出其潜在的含义。词类转换 汉语的动态性和具体性特点使其在语言运用上多用动词。英语则因其静态性和抽象性特点而在语言使用上呈现出名词化和介词化倾向。在汉译英过程中，适当转换词性，可以使译文更符合英语表达习惯。例1原文：他得出这一结论是深思熟虑的结果。译文：His arrival at this conclusion is the result of much thought.分析：动词名词例2原文：吃头两个菜时，也是赞不绝口。译文：You will be full of praise while eating the first two main courses.分析：动词名词例3原文：他支持这个建议，但我反对。译文：He is for the suggestion, but I am against it.分析：动词介词例4原文：这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来。译文：Thus, every place, with its own legends and tales, has its traditions and customs passed on from generation to generation.分析：动词介词例5原文：所以人们对于大自然，全都一致并深深地依赖着。译文：Therefore, everyone has become unanimously and profoundly dependent on Nature.分析：动词形容词例6原文：他对自己的过去追悔莫及，并保证永远不再开车。译文：He is truly sorry for his past, and he has undertaken to give up motorcars once and for all.分析：动词形容词例7原文：独立思考在学习中是绝对必要的。译文：Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.分析：形容词或副词名词例8原文：同学们的精彩表演给校领导留下了良好的印象。译文：The school leaders were favorably impressed by the students excellent performance.分析：名词动词词的增补 增词译法指添加原文为了语言简洁而省去的成分，增补的词多为冠词、代词、连词、介词或名词（充当句子的主语、宾语、定语等成分）。例1原文：在我所呆的3年半中，共有14位学生被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只剩下5人。译文：During the three and a half years I stayed at the lab, a total of 14students were recruited to his lab, but only 5 of them got their doctors degree at last.分析：汉语句子结构一般都是按照时间顺序和逻辑关系排列，语序固定、关系明确，不需要太多连接词来表示相互间的关系，但在英文中需要补充省略的连词，以保持句子结构完整。例2原文：这个车间既做来料加工，也做来样加工。译文：This workshop processes raw materials on clients demand and processes according to investors samples as well.分析：“来料加工”、“来样加工”属汉语中的意合词，翻译时应表达出其完整的含义。例3原文：这是黄河滩上的一幕。译文：This is a scene taking place on the shore of the Yellow River.分析：增加taking place短语，使译文表达更为生动贴切。词的减省 指省略一些仅仅为了语法上的需要而存在的词、词组，从而达到译文通顺、精炼的目的。汉语中重复的部分可以是主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语等。例1原文：于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。译文：Then happiness turns to anger, praise to scolding and nit-picking, and head-nodding to head-shaking.分析：删减重复的动词。例2原文：种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，除草和栽花译文：Growing crops and grapes; brewing and drinking wine; raising and milking cows; weeding and planting flowers.分析：删减重复的名词宾语。词的替代 汉语以重复见长，英语则以省略见长。在汉译英时可采用替代的方法来避免重复。在英语中主要有三种替代现象：名词成分替代、谓语成分替代和分句替代。例1原文：狡猾的人轻视学问；愚昧的人羡慕学问；聪明的人利用学问。译文：Crafty men despise knowledge, benighted men admire it, and wise men use it.分析：用代词替代重复出现的名词。例2原文：自周秦以来，中国是一个封建社会，其政治是封建的政治，其经济是封建的经济。译文：From Zhou and Qin Dynasties onwards, Chinese society was feudal, as were its politics and economy.分析：谓语成分替代。替代句型包括so do/be/will+主语、so+主语+ do/be/will、as be+主语例3原文：你会来出席会议吗？假如不出席会议，请尽早通知我们。译文：Will you come to attend the meeting? If not, please notice us as soon as possible.分析：用替代词so/not来取代充当宾语的that从句；用if so 或if not替代条件从句；用so代替整个从句。2. 句的翻译 汉语造句以名词为中心，以词组、散句和分句为手段，习惯按照时间、逻辑顺序进行表述，体现为形式自由、富于弹性。英语则以“主谓”的主干结构为中心来统领各语言成分，句界分明，外形严谨。因此在汉译英时，如果是单句，首先应当确立句子的主干及句型，如果是长句，则需要确立中心，进行句子组合。确立主干 在汉译英时，不管汉语句子如何复杂，始终不能脱离英语句子“主谓”主干这一总的框架，然后再进行相应的时态、语态、句式的变化。例1原文：这个地区比较多雨。译文：It rains a lot in this area.（This area sees much rain. /There is much rain in this area.）分析：确立主语。原文的主语只能由“这个地区”担当，译成英语时主语就有了多种选择。例2原文：信不信我是你自己的事。译文：It is your concern whether you believe me or not.分析：确立主语。汉语的动词词组、主谓结构或句子作主语时，往往译成“it”作主语的英语句子。例3原文：在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。译文：We shouldnt be too romantic about interpersonal relations.分析：确立谓语。原文用名词“浪漫主义”充当谓语，而在英语中可转为系表结构。语序调整 指英汉两种语言中定语、状语、叙事重心、词序、否定的位置差异性。例1原文：这孩子是她的秘密，她将秘密留在这树木掩映的建筑里。译文：She kept the child as her secret, the one she kept in the building shadowed by the trees.分析：定语后置。例2原文：我在小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界。译文：Without being noticed, I lifted the curtain in my small room, only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden.分析：状语前置。例3原文：万一有什么困难，你就给我们个信。译文：Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.分析：调整叙事重心。汉语先叙事，然后表态，而英语则先表态，而后再叙事。例4原文：一霎时，一阵被人摈弃、为世人所遗忘的悲愤兜上心头。译文：In no time, I was thrown into a feeling of sorrowful anger at being forgotten and abandoned by the rest of the world.分析：表示感情色彩的轻重、强弱时，汉语将重的内容、强的词语放在前面，而英语则相反，基本原则是前轻后重，前简后繁。例5原文：不是所有的金属都具有同样好的导电性能。译文：All metals do not conduct electricity equally well.分析：否定的转移。例6原文：她要等你答应帮她后才肯走。译文：She wont go away until you promise to help her.分析：否定的转移。例7原文：衣食住行是老百姓关心的最大问题。译文：Food, clothing, shelter and transportation are the biggest concern of the common people.分析：习惯用法。例8原文：他饥寒交迫，吃了不少苦。译文：He suffered a great deal from cold and hunger.分析：习惯用法。正反转换 汉英语言在表达正反概念时，形成了各自独特的表达方式。有时，汉语的正说在英语里反说更合适，反之亦然。例1原文：他光着脚进了屋子。译文：He entered the room with no shoes on.分析：汉语正说，英语反译。例2原文：学习外语离不开好的词典。译文：A good dictionary is indispensable for learning a foreign language.分析：汉语反说，英语反译。例3原文：她忍住了没笑出来。译文：She refrained from laughing.分析：汉语反说，英语正译。例4原文：这风景美得我无法形容。译文：The scenery is beautiful beyond my expression.分析：汉语反说，英语正译。例5原文：有阳光就有阴影。译文：There can be no sunshine without shadow.分析：双重否定。语态对译 指主动语态与被动语态的转换。汉语中被动语态的使用范围相当狭窄，而在英语中被动语态表现力强。例1原文：考试后三日出榜。译文：The list of successful examinees will be published three days after the exam.分析：汉语中有很多无形式标志的被动句，特别要注意“把字句”、“是字句”这样的隐性被动句，汉译英时都应转为英语被动结构。例2原文：他的话把我搞糊涂了。译文：I was confused at his words.分析：把字句翻译。例3原文：相对论是爱恩斯坦提出的。译文：The theory of relativity was put forward by Einstein.分析：是字句翻译。例4原文：有人听见呼救声。译文：Voice was heard calling for help.分析：汉语以泛称如“大家”、“人们”、“有人”等作主语时，或含有“据说”、“据悉”等无人称的表述时，通常用比较固定的英语被动结构来翻译。例5原文：无可否认，他是对的。译文：It cannot be denied that he is right.分析：同例4。例6原文：会议在热烈的掌声中闭幕了。译文：The meeting ended in warm applause.分析：汉语表示被动意义的句子在英文中通常用被动语态表达，但个别情况例外：表示“开始”、“结束”意思的不及物动词；表示“位移”、“运转”意思的动词；无灵主语的动作正在进行等。例7原文：该方案需要进一步的讨论。译文：The plan requires further discussing.分析：同例6。长句翻译 汉语的句子结构比较松散，有时一个句子里存在不少并列成分，但并没有连接词将其中的逻辑关系明显地表现出来。英语的句子结构比较严谨，各个句子成分之间的逻辑关系需明确体现。应对汉语长句的翻译主要有三种：原序对译，分句合译，断句分译。例1原文：每个人都希望拥有自己的私密空间，朋友之间过于随便，就容易侵入这片禁区，从而引起冲突，造成隔阂。译文：Everyone hopes to have his own private space, and too casual relationship among friends will mislead them to invade this piece of restricted areas easily as a result of the conflict and alienation.分析：原序对译。这种方法多用于单一主语的长句，但要分清句中的信息重心。例2原文：最为常见的是，一个人走着走着突然停下来，眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信，他不在乎停在马路中央还是厕所旁边。译文：We are very familiar with the scene when a person suddenly stops his or her steps to edit short messages with eyes glued at the phone, not caring about his/her stopping in the road center or beside the restroom.分析：同例1。例3原文：中华民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。译文：Chinese people has never regarded human beings as the highest creature among everything else since ancient times, whose behavior in both philosophy and arts takes a rather appropriate proportion with all others in the natural world, but not as an absolute dominant ruler.分析：同例1。例4原文：他们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。译文：Hardly any of them cares to look up and throws a glance at the beautiful twilight.分析：分句合译。例5原文：求学是一件艰苦的事情，许多人不能忍受那比经的艰苦，所以不能成功。译文：To learn, actually, is to experience the indispensable pain and those who can not endure such pain can not succeed.分析：分句合译。例6原文：譬如说，当我们正在旅游胜地享受假期，却忽然接到老板的电话，告诉我们客户或工作方面出了麻烦。译文：For instance, while still vacationing at the resort, we receive a call from the boss all of a sudden, knowing that some troubles have arisen with the clients or the work.分析：断句分译。汉语都流水句，一个长句中可能有多个主语，可拆开来翻译。无主句 汉语有很多无主句，这符合汉语“意合”的思维习惯。英语是“形合”的语言，句子一般都需要有主语。汉译英时，需要补充被省略的主语，或改变句型结构，以符合英语的表达习惯。例1原文：抿一口留在口中回味，它的甘甜中有一丝苦涩，如人生一般复杂迷离。译文：If one takes a sip of the wine, its bitterness flavor will persist in the mouth, calling for memories of lifes intricacies.例2原文：但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。译文：However, if we, on the whole, can find out whether his attitude towards his life is serious or not and what is his attitude towards his life and work, it would not be that difficult to make an appropriate evaluation of the meaning of ones life.例3原文：开始吃头盘或冷蝶的时候，印象很好。译文：The starter or cold dish will leave you a good impression.分析：这句话没有用we作主语，而是巧妙地把句子中的逻辑宾语充当了译文的主语。3. 段落的翻译 一个段落是内容相对完整、结构相对独立的语言片段翻译时要把整个段落当作一个有机整体来处理，注意段落中各句子之间的衔接和段落间的过渡，达到行文流畅连贯、段落过渡自然的效果。段落的衔接 指段落中各部分在语法和词汇方面有关联，各个部分的排列和衔接符合逻辑。例1原文：有鱼有水的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。译文：A place with water and fish is necessarily blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood.分析：用关系代词which指代第二个“好环境”。例2原文：大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等，所以人们对于自然，全都一致深深地依赖着。译文：People, poor or rich, are equally favored by Nature. Therefore, everyone has become unanimously and profoundly dependent on it.分析：用代词it替代第二个“自然”。段落的连贯 指段落内容情节上的串联，或是逻辑上的贯通。例1原文：朋友之间再熟悉、再亲密，也不能随便过头、不恭不敬。译文：However familiar and close they are, friends can not be too casual and behave freely toward each other.例2原文：会议室门口通常贴着一条通告：请与会者关闭手机。译文：There is usually a notice on the door of the meeting room, which reads Please turn off your cell phone.段落的文体 翻译时，段落的文体应保持一致。文体一般分论说文、说明文和散文。译文应尽可能再现原文的思想内容和语言风格。例1原文：我们的扬子江、黄河，可以代表我们的民族精神，扬子江及黄河遇见沙漠、遇见山峡都是浩浩荡荡地往前流过去，以成其浊流滚滚、一泻万里的魄势。译文：The Yangtse River and the Yellow River are both symbolic of our national spirit. The two mighty rivers negotiate deserts and gorges until their turbid torrents surge forward with irresistible force.分析：散文。例2原文：中国古代思想家孔子说：“四十而不惑，五十而知天命。”一个人有了几十年的生活经历，就可以更好地理解世事之变迁，更坚定地去实现自己的志向和理想。今天，在庆祝联合国50诞辰之际，人们自然更加殷切地希望联合国遵循宪章的宗旨和原则，倾听各国人民的呼声，跟上时代的步伐，以新的面貌来迎接新的世纪。译文：Confucius, Chinas ancient philosopher, says, At 40 I had no more doubts and at 50 I knew the will of Heaven. A man, with decades of life behind him, can better understand the change of events and be more hardened in his resolve to fulfill his aspirations and ideals. At this 50th birthday of the UN, it is all too natural for people to have high hopes that the UN will observe the purposes and principles of its Charter, and greet the new century with a fresh outlook.分析：论说文。4. 常见问题词义虚假对 汉语中许多词汇的信息都是潜在的和隐蔽的，有的具有深层的含义，有的还有言外之意，有的则有语用意义或比喻意义。如果没有弄清要表达的真实信息，就会出现机械对等错误。例1原文：因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。误译：Because the degree of which is moving with the expansion of ones desire and ambition.译文：Because the degree of which is changing with the expansion of ones desire and ambition.分析：误译没有准确把握“转移”一词在这里的确切含义，属望文生义。例2原文：美国内部对中国政策究竟怎样，我们还要观察。误译：What China policies are to be pursued after all within the U.S., we still have to wait and see.译文：The American authorities have to decide among themselves what China policies to pursue, and so we still have to wait and see.分析：“美国内部”并非指“美国国内”这个概念，而是指美国领导层。词类混用 汉语和英语的词类既有重叠，也有差异。即便相同的词类在句子中的用法和充当的成分也不相同。例1原文：在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。误译：In interpersonal relationship, we should not be too romanticism.译文：In interpersonal relationship, we should not be too romantic.冠词滥用 冠词是英语中的常见词类，但汉语中没有。学生常犯的错误是：在泛指时漏用不定冠词，首次提到某物时滥用定冠词，特指某类事物时又不用定冠词。例1原文：一个春天的旁晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴。译文：One spring evening, my parents held a banquet in the garden where all sorts of flowers were in full bloom.分析：在英语中，“一天晚上”、“一天早晨”等表示特定的时间要用one，而不能用泛指的a(an)，但很多学生会译成“on a spring evening”。例2原文：最初的印象最深刻。毕竟，你不可能再有机会给别人留下第一印象的。译文：First impressions are most lasting. After all, you never get a second chance to make a first impression.分析：a second chance可表示“第二次机会”，“再有机会”。first impression为一个整体，表示“第一次印象”，在此表泛指，所以用不定冠词a修饰。数的概念混乱汉语中数的概念在词法和语法上都缺乏形态特征，因而在翻译成英语的时候，要根据汉语的上下文在英语的形式中补充上数的复数的概念。例1原文：本室助研必须每周工作7天，早10点到晚12时，工作时间必须全力以赴。译文：All the research assistants of this lab must work 7 days a week, from 10 a.m. to 12 p.m. They should work at full stretch during their office hours.用词冗余 在翻译时，可以通过缩合或省略等手法，用词或词组来表达从句等单位所表达的内容。例1原文：吸收外来移民是加拿大长期奉行的国策。误译：To take in immigrants from other countries has become a long-term national policy practiced by Canada.译文：To draw in immigrants has become a long-term national policy practiced by Canada.分析：immigrants一词本身就包含“来自其他国家”的含义。句子结构机械对应 指翻译中经常出现的套用汉语句式的问题，译出来的句子或为无主句，或动宾搭配不当。例1原文：有其中乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，除草和栽花；在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌。误译：Especially in the countryside, people have been living in the same style for thousands of yearsplant crops and grape, make wine and drink it, feed cows and milk them, kill grasses and give birth to flowers, go to church, and on festivals they go to the square to dance, sing and play the instruments.译文：This is particularly true in the countryside where people have been living in the same style for thousands of yearsplanting crops and grapes; brewing and drinking wine; raising and milking cows; weeding and planting flowers; going to churches on weekends and praying; playing music, dancing and singing in the square on holidays.分析：学生在处理“种植庄稼.唱歌”这一串无主句时，很显然受到了汉语的影响，翻译成了一系列没有主语的英语句子。事实上，它们可以译成分词短语，也可以与前面的句子断开，补充主语，译为独立的句子。主次信息不分 没有分清主次信息，导致语义重心偏移，在深层意义上不忠实于原文。例1原文：在得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道。误译：Before I became ill, I was much petted by my parents, doing everything at will in the home.译文：Before I fell ill, I had been the bully under our roofs owing to my doting parents.分析：首先要确定这句话的信息重心。虽然没有连接词，但仍有内在的逻辑关系。“受父母宠爱”是因，“在家横行霸道”是果，因此作为结果的后半句应该是全句的信息重心。语篇衔接不当 很多学生的翻译如果单独成句是可读的，但全篇作为一个整体，读起来就有种前后脱节的感觉，原因在于没有采用有效的语篇衔接手段。例1原文：园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴。误译：Flowers were in full bloom in the garden. My parents held a party in the garden.译文：My parents held a banquet in the garden where all sorts of flowers were in full bloom.分析：译文的衔接更加紧凑、简洁。第二章 翻译范例1. 原文：中国是世界四大文明古国之一，地大物博，拥有茂密的森林、壮丽的山河如利剑直插云霄的高峰、雄伟壮丽的瀑布、秀丽的湖泊及富有中华文化光辉的名胜古迹，令世界各国人民神往。但是，更重要的是，中国具有五千多年的历史，遗留下无数的历史文物，包括珍贵珠宝、古迹名胜、宫殿及数不尽的雄伟建筑，令人惊叹不已。这种种原因都促使中国成为许多人梦寐以求的旅游胜地。参考译文：China is one of the four countries in the world with an ancient civilization. It has a vast territory with such abundant natural resources as dense forests, magnificent waterfalls, majestic and beautiful rivers and lakes, and mountains whose peaks reach high into the skies like so many gargantuan swords. Besides, it contains historic remains of glorious Chinese antiquity. All these make China a singularly attractive place to tourists around the world. But, most importantly, China is possessed of a history of over five thousand years with innumerable historical sites and scenic spots, palaces and edifices of architectural richness, all of which have won peoples admiration. You are sure to find great enjoyment of all these attractions in China, a much-admired dream land.2. 原文：作为中国最早的教育中心和科学研究中心，北京大学聚集了中国优秀的专家学者，不断开拓创新，发展改造，以培养出高质量人才所做出的高水平科学成果深刻影响和推动着中国高等教育的航程。一百年来，以北京大学为代表的中国现代大学群，在中国走向现代化的历史中起了重要的先锋作用，形成了光荣的革命传统和优良的学术传统。参考译文：As Chinas earliest education and research center, Peking University, with a large number of Chinas most distinguished specialists and scholars among its faculty, has consistently engaged itself in pioneering and development endeavors. With a large amount of high-level scientific research achievements produced by talents trained there, Peking University has provided a strong impetus to the development of Chinas higher education system. Over the past one hundred years, a bunch of modern Chinese universities as represented by Peking University have spearheaded Chinas historical advancement towards modernization and have formed a glorious revolution and academic tradition.3. 原文：广州人的平均收入在中国算是很高的，小康之家越来越多，所以，广州人上馆子吃饭乃是常事。广州的餐馆整天顾客盈门，这是因为，比起中国其他地方来，广州人特别注重吃。不少广州人喜欢上馆子喝早茶。在那里，小推车上装着各种点心，从一个桌子推到另一个桌子，供应顾客。每星期天一早，从七点开始，人们就起身上馆子，边喝茶，边吃早饭，边和朋友聊天。参考译文：Compared with people in most other Chinese cities, people in Guangzhou have quite high average income, and the number of well-to-do families has been rising steadily. For this reason, it is very common for Guangzhou residents to eat out. Restaurants in the city are congested with diners all day round, as the people in Guangzhou seem to be keener on having good food than those in any other parts of the country. The locals like to have their morning tea in restaurants, where a large variety of dim sum is served from carts wheeled from table to table. Early on Sunday mornings, a lot of people in Guangzhou are up since 7 oclock and are already chatting with friends over tea and breakfast in various restaurants.4. 原文：不同的人对退休持不同的态度。有些人认为退休后可享受晚年的生活。但真的退了下来，他们则有点失望。看到自己就要被抛到废物堆里，他们不甘认命，设法另找事干来发挥自己的余热，以继续得到收入。另有一些人则对一生中这样一个重大变动早有准备。他们一生为工作操劳，现在精疲力尽了，渴望退休后能放松拉紧的弦，好好休息。参考译文：Attitudes toward retirement vary from person to person. Some people, before they retire, may think that they will be able to relax and enjoy their old age, but when they actually retire, disappointment sets in. Unwilling to resign themselves to the circumstance of being spent, being thrown onto the scrap heap, so to speak, they try to seek alternative employment so as to continue making use of their energy, skill and knowledge in return for extra income. Others have already prepared themselves for this significance change in their lives. After working hard for a major part of their life, they feel exhausted and are eager to relax in retirement with all the strains relieved.5. 原文：关于中国的知识产权，大家都很关心，我们也很关心。坦率地说，中国保护知识产权，绝不是因为有什么压力，也不是做给什么人看的，而是自身发展的需要。中国保护知识产权的决心是一贯和坚定的。我们很清醒，如果没有一个保护知识产权的法制环境，中国100年也发展不起来。过去十年，中国的企业都越来越强烈地呼吁保护知识产权。参考译文：You are all concerned a