望远镜系统光学设计.doc

.内调焦准距式望远系统一、技术参数选择；选择技术要求如下：放 大 率：G = 24加 常 数：c = 0分 辨 率：j 4 最短视距：Ds = 2m视 场 角：2w = 1.6 筒长：LT = 160mm乘 常 数：k = 100取G = -24，取不同的筒长L和缩短系数Q，根据表2-1表2-1G = -24L=150mmQf12f1d0f2f3lF(l2)l2a20.55272.73121.2098.16-41.4711.3651.8423.045.060.60250.00123.9798.36-50.8010.4251.6525.614.080.65230.77126.8398.56-62.769.6251.4428.273.310.70214.28129.8098.77-78.718.9351.2231.032.720.75200.00132.8798.97-101.008.3351.0333.092.250.80187.50136.0599.17-134.407.8150.8336.881.90L=160Qf12f1d0f2f3lF(l2)l2a20.55290.91129.28104.71-44.2212.1255.2924.575.060.60266.67132.23104.92-54.1711.1155.0827.314.080.65246.15135.29105.14-66.9410.2654.8630.153.310.70228.57138.45105.35-83.959.5254.6433.102.720.75213.33141.73105.57-107.748.8954.4336.162.250.80200.00145.12105.78-143.378.3354.2239.341.90L=170Qf12f1d0f2f3lF(l2)l2a20.55309.09137.36111.25-46.9912.8858.7526.115.060.60283.33140.50111.48-57.5711.8058.5629.024.080.65261.54143.74111.71-71.1110.9058.2832.033.310.70242.86147.11111.94-89.2010.1258.0635.172.720.75226.67150.59112.17-114.479.4457.8338.422.250.80212.50154.20112.40-152.368.8557.6041.801.90L=180Qf12f1d0f2f3lF(l2)l2a20.55327.27145.44117.80-49.7513.6462.2027.645.060.60300.00148.76118.04-60.9412.5061.9530.724.080.65276.92152.20118.26-75.3111.5461.7233.923.310.70257.14155.76118.52-94.4610.7161.4827.242.720.75240.00159.45118.76-121.2410.0061.2440.692.250.80225.00163.26119.01-161.269.37560.9844.251.90取适当的L和Q，我取：G = -24， L =170， Q = 0.60f12 = 233.33， d0 = 111.48f1 = 140.50， f2 = -57.57，f3 = 11.80代入检验公式为： (2-4)将所确定的参数代入，得：c = 0.00254由此可见，系统满足准距条件，其所引起的测量误差可以忽略不计。二、外形尺寸计算；1、物镜通光孔径及出瞳大小为了满足分辨率的要求，即 j 4，由得：另一方面，由可知，为了提高测量精度，出瞳直径D = 1.31.5mm，一般取D = 1.5mm，则：D = -G D 24 1.5 =36mm因此，取入瞳直径，即物镜的通光孔径D1=36mm，对应的出瞳直径D=1.5mm。2、调焦镜的通光孔径D2 = D1- d0(D1/f1- 2tgw)=36-111.48(36/140.50-2tg0.8) = 10.55mm3、分划板直径及视距丝间隔4、像方视场角tgw = -G tgw = 24tg0.8 = 0.33512499所以像方视场角2w=37.05。出瞳距因lz1 = 0，所以lz1 = 0，lz2 = lz1 -d0 = -111.48于是得出瞳距为：目镜的通光孔径目镜的视度调节5、调焦镜的调焦移动量取l1 = -2000mm，由物像关系的高斯公式，计算得lz = 154.87。由公式(1-6)计算得：= 128.77mm于是得调焦镜的调焦量：Dd = d d0 = 128.77 111.71 = 17.06mm三、结构选型；在本设计中，主物镜的相对孔径约1:4，调焦镜的相对孔径1:5.6，因此，主物镜和调焦镜均可选用最简单的双胶合物镜。目镜在光学设计手册中选择一个合适的目镜,并用缩放法调到合适尺寸。dLT-lF3lpd1d2d3d4d55d6d7d8d99d0d20d10lz-f3Df1D1f2D2f3D3图3-6 内调焦准距式望远镜光学系统图草图四、初始结构参数求解；1求解物镜f1140.5p无穷0w无穷0c10由上求得理论p0-0.034选择玻璃n1n21.67251.5399k7zf360.629.5查表小1-1.17091A2.419355K1.709677Q05.04536查表P0-0.03172求形状系数Q，W0-0.23538形状Q15.159856Q24.930864Q35.183033Q5.171444求得各面的规化曲率12.25940724.0005353-0.02041对应的曲率半径为r182.65447r262.1864r3-165.48确定透镜厚度x12.662136x24.963452x30.023535t15.441053d13.139737t22.103904d27.090891d10.23063D1362求解调焦镜用同样的方法求解调焦镜f2-57.57d0111.48l229.02D210.55P-0W-0C-0P无穷22.809716W无穷-5.257081U-1.983804P01.0717551查表小12.18A2.202501K1.601251Q0-3.890705P01.114596W0-0.123805形状Q1-0.752199Q2-7.029211Q3-7.096496Q-7.0628541-1.7325652-4.8828543-3.237566r133.228198r211.790237r317.781875x10.4213768x21.2458516x30.8004306t11.5551685d13.222397t21.4113368d20.9659158d4.1883127n1n21.6921.7172LaK2ZF354.529.53求解目镜在光学手册中选择一合适目镜并用ZEMAX生成想要的焦距五、像差校正；优化过程在ZEMAX上进行，每个镜头分别优化 六、绘制光学系统图与光学零件图；dLT-lF3lpd1d2d3d4d55d6d7d8d99d0d20d10lz-f3Df1D1f2D2f3D3图3-6 内调焦准距式望远镜光学系统图草图各部分尺寸（单位mm）d1=6.31 d2=3.14 d3=105.63 d4=0.83 d5=1.28 d6=54.76d7=0.50 d8=8.60 d9=8.54LT=189.50 -lF3=8.60 lp=10.60f1=140.50 f2=-57.57 f3=11.80D1=36.00 D2=10.55 D3=10.37 D=1.50d10=111.48 d20=57.57 -f3=-11.8lz=11.80 d0=105.63 d=111.94物镜的系统数据：By：Aseis物镜的点扩散图：物镜的mtf图：调焦镜的系统数据：调焦镜的点扩散图：调焦镜的mtf图：目镜的系统数据：目镜的点扩散图：目镜的mtf图：总结： 通过这门课程的