先进制造技术论文1.doc

The advanced manufacturing technologyKey words: Manufacturing, CAD/CAM, High speed cutting, Environmental conscious, CIMManufacturing is the modern national economy and the comprehensive national strength. In a countrys productive forces in general manufacturing technology of the role of 60. Experts believe that the world each country economy competition is mainly manufacturing technology of the competition. Its competitive ability in the production of products embodiment of the market share. Along with the rapid development of economy technology and customer needs and market environment the increasingly fierce competition so governments have attached great importance to the advanced manufacturing technology research. The advanced manufacturing technology is set manufacturing technology and electronic technology information technology automation technology energy and material science and the modern management technology etc and the technology of cross penetration design to manufacturing product design processing and assembling testing management marketing etc. The product life cycle in order to realize the process of high quality high efficiency low consumption clean flexible production improve the market for dynamic adaptive ability and competition ability of an integrated technology. The advanced manufacturing technology has become a manufacturing enterprise in the fierce market competition and the rapid development of key factors and becoming a world economic development and meet the demand of human increasingly important strut accelerate development of high-tech achievements and realizing defense modernization. The advanced manufacturing technology including the following aspects: the manufacturing and advanced manufacturing technology modern design technology advanced manufacturing technology manufacturing automation technology modern production management technology advanced manufacturing mode. The science and the problems to be solved are mainly concentrated in the following aspects: (1).Manufacturing system is a complex system to meet the manufacturing system agility fast response and rapid reorganized ability must be reference information science and life science and social science research achievements of multidisciplinary explore new system structure system manufacturing mode and manufacturing system effective operation mechanism. Manufacturing system optimization of organizational structure and good operation condition is manufacturing system modeling simulation and optimization of main goal. The new system structure of manufacturing system not only for the manufacturing enterprise agility and to demand response ability and reconfigurable ability and has important significance for manufacturing enterprises of production equipment and the bottom of flexible dynamic reconfiguration ability can be put forward higher request. Biological manufacturing view increasingly by introducing manufacturing system in order to meet the requirements of new manufacturing system(2).Support for the rapid agile manufacturing geometrical knowledge sharing has become a modern manufacturing technology in product development and manufacturing of key problems. For example in computer aided design and manufacturing CAD/CAM coordinate measuring machine CMM and learn etc. In the 3-dimensional reality Space-3.It is real there are a lot of geometry algorithm design and analysis of the problems especially the geometric representation geometry calculation and geometric reasoning problems. In the measurement and robot path planning and parts of such as Localization etc C - space .From the Configuration Space it geometric calculation and geometric reasoning problems In the object operation gripping grab and assembly etc and robot by grasping planning assembly movement Planning and operation plan requires in Screw Space It Screw geometry reasoning. Manufacturing process of the phenomenon of physics and mechanics research formed the geometry of geometry calculation and make scientific reasoning and geometric etc and its theoretical research further breakthrough currently a new subject. The computer is widely and geometry. (3).In the modern manufacturing process not only has become the decisive factor dominated manufacture industry but also the most active factor of the driver. Improve manufacturing system of information processing capability has become a modern manufacturing science development. As the system structure of the information organization and multi-links manufacturing information acquisition integration and fusion presents three-dimensional information measure of multidimensionality and multi-links of information organization. In the manufacture of information structure model the consistency of information transmission and constraint and mass data of manufacturing knowledge management etc. are still further. (4).All sorts of artificial intelligence tools and methods in the manufacture of computational int.Virtual ManufacturingVirtual manufacturingVirtual manufacturing is an integrated synthetic manufacturing environment exercised to enhance all levels of decision and control in a manufacturing enterprise. Virtual manufacturing can be described as a simulated model of the actual manufacturing setup which may or may not exist. It holds all the information relating to the process control and management and product specific data. It is also possible to have part of the manufacturing plant Be real and the other part virtual .Virtual manufacturing is the use of computer models and simulations of manufacturing process to aid in design and production of manufactured products. What is the Significance of virtual manufacturing? Virtual manufacturing aims at providing an integrated environment for a number of isolated manufacturing technologies .Such as Computer Aided Design Computer Aided Manufacturing and Computer Aided Process Planning thus allowing multiple users to concurrently carry out all or some of these functions without the need for being physically close to each other. For example a process planning engineer and a manufacturing engineer can evaluate and provide feedback to a product designer who may be physically located in another state or country at the same time as the design is being conceived. Another important contribution of virtual manufacturing is Virtual Enterprise.CAD/CAM in die design and manufacture of applicationsThis paper expounds the application of CAD/CAM system structure, main content and its effect, namely mould CAD/CAM system consists of products and tool design and manufacture of numerical computation and data processing program packages, graphical information exchange (input, output) and processing of interactive graphic display packets, storage and management of design and manufacture information engineering database etc three most constitute, the main features include sculpture surface modeling function, the solid model function object quality properties calculation function, 3d movement mechanism analysis and simulation function, 2 or 3d graphics function of the conversion, 3d geometric model display management function, optimization design functions, System including shortened effect stamping design and manufacturing cycle, improving the precision and quality of design, mold design and can be accumulated retrieval punching die manufacturing experience, reduce the cost.In product graphics input, three-dimensional (3D) main model manufacture, mould design, mould of NC machining etc steps of application, then analyzes the die design and manufacture of future development trends, mould market internationalization, the competition will be increasingly fierce, short cycle, high quality, long service life of die is mold industry and user pursue, this will make mould CAD/CAM technology comprehensive thorough application in mold industry, at the same time and the concurrent engineering, lean production, agile manufacturing etc. Various production mode is increasingly close, the combination of finally make mold industry important changes occurred.High speed cuttingwith the increase of cutting speed, cutting temperature will increase, the unit cutting force also will increase, while cutting speed increased to a certain critical point, such as increased again, cutting temperature and cutting force instead sharply. Therefore, put forward the concept of high-speed machining, so-called high-speed processing means cutting speed higher than the critical speed cutting processing. Compared with conventional machining, high-speed processing has many advantages, and because of these advantages, so the high-speed machining first in aerospace manufacturing areas to be applied to aviation, bringing enormous influence. The late 20th century, Chinas economic system reform plan, reform and opening up, built has the Chinese characteristic socialism market economy system. Practical high-speed machining technology with the introduction of advanced CNC automatic production line, cutting tool (tools), NC machine(equipment), widely used in mechanical manufacturing, Corresponding management mode, technical, idea then blend in enterprise. High-speed machining technology for mechanical manufacturing enterprise fast response to market information provides powerful support. However, in order to realize the high-speed machining, We must be integrated, optimizing the multi-disciplinary field research and knowledge based system engineering technology, implementation.Environmentally Conscious Design and ManufacturingEnvironmentally conscious design and manufacturing (ECD M) is a view of manufacturing which includes the social and technological aspects of the design, synthesis, processing, and use of products in continuous or discrete manufacturing industries. The benefits of ECD M include safer and cleaner factories, worker protection, reduced future costs for disposal, reduced environment and health risks, improved product quality at lower cost, better public image, and higher productivity. Environmentally conscious technologies and design practices will allow manufacturers to minimize waste and to turn waste into a profitable product .This papers information about environmentally conscious design and manufacturing which will in turn provide some general information, guidelines and references for research and implementation. In the meantime, more clear definitions of related terms used in the ECD M area are provided. A brief future trend is also provided at the end of this paper.Flexible ManufacturingAs an introduction to the subsequent discussions of production systems and advanced manufacturing technologies it is useful to present a definition of the term manufacturing system. A manufacturing system can be defined as a series of value-adding manufacturing processes converting the law materials into more useful forms and eventually finished products.In the modern manufacturing setting, flexibility is an important characteristic. It means that a manufacturing system is versatile and adaptable, while also capable of handling relatively high production runs. A flexible manufacturing system is versatile in that it can produce a variety of parts. It is adaptable because it can be quickly modified to produce a completely different line of parts.A flexible manufacturing system (PMS) is an individual machine or group of machines served by an automated materials handling system that is computer controlled and has a tool handling capability. Because of its tool handling capability and computer control, such a system can be continually reconfigured to manufacture a wide variety of parts. This is why it is called a flexible manufacturing system.A FMS typically encompasses:(1).Process equipment e, g., machine tools, assembly stations, and robots(2).Material handling equipment e. g, robots, conveyors, and AGVS (automated guided vehicles)(3).A communication system(4).A computer control systemFlexible manufacturing represents a major step toward the goal of fully integrated manufacturing. It involves integration of automated production processes. In flexible manufacturing, the automated manufacturing machine and the automated materials handling system share instantaneous communication via a computer network. This is integration on a small scale.The Development of Intelligent Manufacturing SystemIncreasing development of computer and information technology, automation technology and traditional manufacturing technology should be combined to form the advanced manufacturing technology concepts. The development of international trade accelerated the national communication; large-scale cooperation increasing makes international high-tech fields of the increasingly fierce competition. The explosive growth in manufacturing information and information processing workload soared at the same time, intelligent manufacturing system in traditional manufacturing technology, computer technology and science and AI etc developed on the basis of manufacturing, into the 21st century, the development of basic on track for countries of advanced manufacturing technology development direction points the way. More and more foreign experts and scholars were also carried out in succession for intelligent manufacturing system, and the development of the application to the study of such, some famous research reports and papers have appeared, lifting the people for intelligent manufacturing system doubts. Meanwhile, more problems also exposed, mainly concentrated in terms of technology, human and economic aspects, in addition, intelligent manufacturing system also makes the developed countries no longer rely on developing countries for cheap labor. Compared with the developed countries, our country in all aspects are at a disadvantage. Therefore, to the increasingly fierce international competition for a seat in his position, our country should carry out thoroughly and systematically IMT&IMS basic theory study and existing machining unit technology and equipment of intelligent automation research, especially developed distinctive IMS (namely can realize high precision, easy operating and 24h unattended flexible manufacturing systems), in order to meet the needs of the development of Chinese manufacturing increasingly, form our relative to developed countries competitive advantage. Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) is the term used to describe the modern approach to manufacturing. Although CIM encompasses many of the other advanced manufacturing technologies such as computer numerical control (CNC), computer-aided design /computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), robotics, and just-in-time delivery (JIT), it is more than a new technology or a new concept. Computer integrated manufacturing is an entirely new approach to manufacturing, a new way of doing business.To understand CIM, it is necessary to begin with a comparison of modern and traditional manufacturing. Modern manufacturing encompasses all of the activities and processes necessary to convert raw materials into finished products, deliver them to the market, and support them in the field. These activities include the following:(1).Identifying a need for a product.(2).Designing a product to meet the needs.(3).Obtaining the raw materials needed to produce the product.(4).Applying appropriate processes to transform the raw materials into finished products.(5).Transporting products to the market.(6).Maintaining the product to ensure proper performance in the field.This broad, modern view of manufacturing can be compared with the more limited traditional view that focused almost entirely on the conversion processes. The old approach excluded such critical pre-conversion elements as market analysis research, development, and design, as well as such after-conversion elements as product delivery and product maintenance. In other words, in the old approach to manufacturing, only those processes that took place on the shop floor were considered manufacturing. This traditional approach of separating the overall concept into numerous stand-alone specialized elements was not fundamentally changed with the advent of automation.With CIM, not only are the various elements automated, but the islands of automation are all linked together or integrated. Integration means that a system can provide complete and instantaneous sharing of information. In modern manufacturing, integration is accomplished by computers. CIM, then, is the total integration of all components involved in converting raw materials into finished products and getting the products to the market.Rapid Prototyping and ManufacturingTo substantially shorten the time for developing patterns, moulds, and prototypes, some manufacturing enterprises have started to use rapid prototyping (RP) methods for complex patterns making and component prototyping. Over the past few years, a variety of new rapid manufacturing technologies, generally called Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing (RP&M) have emerged; the technologies developed include Stereo Lithography (SL), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM), and Three Dimensional Printing (3-D Printing). These technologies are capable of directly generating physical objects from CAD databases. They have a common important feature: the prototype part is produced by adding materials rather than removing materials, that is , a part is first modeled by a geometric modeler such as a solid modeler, and then is mathematically sectioned (sliced) into a series of parallel cross-section piece. For each piece, the curing or binding paths are generated. These curing or binding paths are directly used to instruct the machine for producing the part by solidifying or binding a line of ma