高中语法复习定语从句基础知识总结.doc

高二英语精讲班-西湖10年12月26日 编写人:张利英 高中语法复习一定语从句基础知识总结什么是定语从句？ 定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰 名词 或 代词的从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”引导定语从句的词叫“引导词”有几种定语从句？The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句引导定语从句的关系词 指代事物 which,that 充当主语和宾语指代人 who,whom,that who主语,口语中可当宾语;whom宾;that主,宾所属关系 whose 充当定语 指时间 when 时间状语 指地点 where 地点状语指原因 why 原因状语定语从句考点归纳1which与that2如何判断介词3whose的使用4as的使用5when,where,why与that, which的区别6定语从句中的动词的数练习一. Prectice;correct the mistakes1.Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class two.2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible.3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick. 练习二 that与 which1.Nothing _ can be done has been done.2.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?（先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词，用that）1.This is the best TV _ is made in China.2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.（先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that） Ive read all the books _ you lent me.（先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 修饰时,引导定语从句用that）1.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.2.A victim is a person, animal or thing _ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.（先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that）1.Her bag ,in _ she put all her money, has been stolen.2.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.3.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.（Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that）练习三 如何判断介词根据句子意思，在第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:1. The person _ _ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.2. The pencil _ _ he was writing broke.3. Wu Dong, _ _ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.4. The two things _ _ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.5. Her bag, _ _ she put all her books, has not been found.注意：动词短语不能拆开，即介词不能提前（介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom）This is the book_ which you askedThe old man whom I am looking after is better 练习四when, where, why 与that,which 的区分 ）Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park.）Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you.）Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you.）This is the museum _I visited last year .5 This is the reason _( = for which ) I didnt come here. 6 The reason _ she gave was not true.指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句练习五 定语从句中的动词的数He is the only one in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise He is one of the students in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise （关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词）练习六as 的使用The earth is round,_ we all know._ is known to all, the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.定语从句在句首时只能用as, as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的This is the same book _ I lost . This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is such an interesting book _we all like it. It is very useful to master a foreign language,_ has been said before _ everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize. as引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，而which 引导定语从句不能放在句首.as译为正如，好像。，which 则没有此义高考单选1. That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is very old. A whose B. of which C. in which D. on which 2. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what 3. He failed in the examination, _ made his father very angry. A. which B. it C. that D. what 4. The girl _ an English song in the next room is Toms sister. A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing 5. Those _ not only from books but also through practice will succeed. A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn 6. Anyone _ this opinion may speak out. A. that against B. that against C. who is against D. who are against 7. Didnt you see the man _? A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now C. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just now 8. Ill tell