高考英语复习——定语从句.ppt

TheAttributiveClause 学习方法指导 概念 用一个句子放在一个名词或代词的后面作定语 SheisthegirlwhomIamlookingfor 先行词 关系代词 Thisisthevillagewhereshegrewup 先行词 关系副词 一 引导定语从句的关系词 指代人who whom that指代事物which that所属关系whose ofwhich ofwhom指地点where指时间when指原因why 关系代词在从句中可以 何时可以省略 关系代词 副词 在定从中的成份 1 ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr Wang 2 Thegirl whom ImetisLucy 3 AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom 4 Ilikethebook which youboughtyesterday 5 Hisparentswouldn tlethimmarryanyonewhosefamilywaspoor 6 Ilikethepersontowhomyoujusttalked 7 Weshallneverforgetthedays that wespenttogether 8 Weshallneverthedayswhenwelivedtogether 一 关系词选择的步骤 第一步 先判断是什么从句一般定语从句的结构是 先行词 关系代 副词 从句 牢固树立这一概念后 可减少很多不该出现的错误 第二步 是关系代词 还是关系副词关键是如何选择关系词 方法一依据在从句中所做的成分关系代词 that which who whom等 主要用作主语和宾语 关系副词 when where why 主要用作状语 作定语时用whose 方法二 完全取决于从句中的谓语动词 及物动词后面无宾语 就必须要求用关系代词 而不及物动词则要求用关系副词 ThisisthevillagewhereIstayedlastyear Thisisthemountainvillagewhich thatIvisitedlastyear 第三步 看先行词如选择关系代词 是人还是物如选择关系副词 地点时间原因 reason 是用关系代词还是关系副词1 May1istheday I llneverforget 2 May1istheday wespenttogether 3 May1istheday Ijoinedthearmy A that whichB when 误 Thisisthehousewherewelivedinlastyear 正 Thisisthehousewhich thatwelivedinlastyear 译 这是我们去年住过的那个房子 定语从句中的关系副词 when where why I llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague onwhich where在定语从句中作地点状语 相当于 介词 关系代词 which ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago inwhich Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate forwhich of which whom 可用来限定名词 代词 分数词 数词等 e g 1 Inthedarkstreet therewasn tasingleperson shecouldturnforhelp thatB whoC fromwhomD towhom 二 考点 介词 关系代词 1 根据从句中动词或形容词与介词的习惯搭配 如 e g CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI msure 关系代词前介词的确定 Thegirl whichhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim Heistheman whomIthinkyoucandepend for on Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks whichIamnotveryfamiliar Dolphinsmightbetrainedtocooperatewithfishermenandhelpthembyfindingorevencatchingfish allofwhichactivitiesdolphinsareexpert with in 2 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系 请体会 e g Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles 3 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯 请体会 e g 1949wastheyearinwhichtheP R C wasfounded Therate whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased Thisisourclassroom whichthereisateacher sdesk at inthefrontof 1 Thesungivesusheatandlight whichwecan tlive 2 Thestudent whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass 3 I llneverforgettheday whichshesaidgood byetome 4 Whocangivemethereason whichhehasn tturnedupyet without about on for 三 非限制性定与从句中 要表示先行词的一部分时 可用 名词 数词 代词 of which whom 的结构 如 e g Thereare50studentsinourclass two thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing Thecommitteeconsistsof20members 5of arewomen Thebookcontains50poems mostof waswrittenin1930s Therearetwoleft oneof isalmostfinished andtheotherof isnotquite Ihaveasentence themeaningof Idon tunderstand whom which which which which 名词 代词 数词 of which whom 四 Whose从句可转换为 of 关系代词 型 如 e g Theyliveinahouse whosedooropenstothesouth Theylivedinahouse ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth Theylivedinahouse thedoorofwhichopentothesouth Thereare20studentsinthisclass aredifferent A whosebackgroundsB thebackgroundsofwhomC ofwhomthebackgroundsD thebackgroundsofwhose 五 主语和谓语一致1 关系代词在定语从句中主语 其谓语动词与先行词保持一致 例如 Theboywhoisstandingatthedoorismyson 2 在oneofthe 复数名词 定语从句 结构中 复数名词是先行词 关系代词在定语从句中作主语 其谓语动词用复数形式 例如 Thisisoneofthebestbooks