1汉译英资料.doc

第10周作业三. 做教材练习八、九练习八（一）、将下列句子译成英语，特别注意主语的确定。1、他（祥子）确乎有点像棵树，坚壮，沉默，而又有生气。He (Xiangzi) was like a tree indeed, sturdy, silent and full of life.2、自然科学的皇后是数学。数学的皇冠是数论（number theory）。哥德巴赫猜想（Goldbachs conjecture）则是皇冠上的明珠。 The empress of nature science is math. The crown of math is number theory. And Gold Bachs conjecture is the most precious jewel on the crown.3、母亲一把大剪刀，仿佛裁掉了我童年的忧伤，给我剪出一个原来如此瑰丽的世界。 The big pair of scissors of my mother, with which she seemed to cut off the sorrows of my childhood and cut out for me such a wonderful world.4、哈佛是最早接受中国留学生的美国大学之一。中国教育界、科学界、文化界一直同哈佛大学保持着学术交流。Harvard is one of the earliest American universities to accept Chinese students. The Chinese educational, scientific and cultural communities have maintained academic exchanges with the university all the time.5、农民缺乏训练，许多农场生产率低下，这就使得大多数农民处于贫穷的困境。Due to the fact that farmers are lack of training and the low productivity of many farms, the majority of country dwellers in a disadvantageous position.6、只有冷静才能成功。Only keep calm can we get success.7、第一次见面，司徒乔给我的印象就极好。The first meeting with Situ Qiao left a good impression on me.（二）、下列译文在主语的处理上有不妥之处，请加以改进。1、那天晚上的天色不大好，可是爹爹也到来，实在很难得。The shy color of that evening was not good, but Father came too, which was quite care.改进：It looked like rain that evening, however, to my surprise, father came nevertheless. 2、学习的敌人是自己的满足，要认真学习一点东西，必须从不自满开始。The enemy of study is complacency. Learning something seriously must begin from not being complacent.改进：Complacency is the enemy of study. We cannot really learn anything until we rid ourselves of complacency.3、车轮一顿，在轨道上站定了；车门里弹出去似地跳下了许多人。The wheels of the train stopped on the tracks with a jerk. A number of people shot out of the carriage door.改进：The train stopped with a clang and a jerk. A number of people shot out of the carriage door.4、人们认为他翻译的这首诗不忠于原文。He was not regarded faithful in his translation of this poem.改进：His translation of this poem was regarded unfaithful.5、上海近几年发生的巨大变化，赢得全世界人民的赞叹。The great changes of recent years in Shanghai have won admiration from people all over the world.改进：Shanghai has changed greatly in recent years and has won admiration from people all over the world.（三）、英译短文，注意句中主语的选择。一粒沙A Grain of Sand有这么一个故事：有一个参加长跑的选手在走过一片沙滩时，鞋子里灌满了沙子，他匆匆把鞋子脱下，胡乱地把沙子倒出，便又急急地继续往前跑。可是仍有沙子留在他的鞋里，在他以后的路程中，那沙子磨着他的脚，使他走一步，疼一步。但他并没有停下把鞋子脱掉，抖出磨自己脚的沙子，而仍是匆匆前进，在离终点不远的地方，因脚痛难忍，他不得不止步，最后放弃了比赛。当他忍着揪心的痛把鞋脱掉是，他发现让自己痛苦了几个小时并放弃比赛的竟只是一粒沙子。There is such a story: when a participant in the long-distance race crossed a beach, his shoes were full of sand. He took off his shoes and got the sand out hastily, and then he kept running hurrily. But some sand still in his shoes and the sand rubbed his feet in the latter distance. That made him hurt when he ran every step. Instead of taking off the shoes and shaking out the sand, but he resumed running hastily. Because of the pain, he dropped out of the contest just a few yards from the finishing line. As he managed to get out of the shoes he was surprised to find the cause of his lasting torment was only a grain of sand.看来，有事阻挠我们前进的不是高山、深渊，而是极细小的一粒沙子。为了避免因一次轻微的过失遭指责，我们便编出谎言来掩盖。于是从编造第一个谎言开始，我们便背上了两个沉甸甸的包袱：“过失”与“谎言”。以后的日子，便常常为掩饰“过失”与“谎言”而不得不再造出新的谎言，此次自己便不得不在紧张、担心、悔恨的岁月中熬过。那第一个谎言就是一粒沙。It seems that the greatest obstacle on ones way forward may not be a high mountain or a deep valley but a grain of sand that is hardly visible. To avoid blame on a minor fault one may tell a lie. That adds a burden to a heavy heart and weighs it down. In the days to come he will have to fabricate one falsehood after another to cover the lie he told and the fault he committed. Thus he will never be able to free himself from lingering anxiety, worry and regret, to the ignorance that all his suffering originate in only a grain of sand- the first lie he told.练习九（一）、将下列句子译成英文，特别注意谓语的确定。1、脍炙人口的传统京剧白蛇传讲的是源自明朝的故事。The most popular traditional Beijing operas, the White Snake, tells a story that originated from Ming Dynasty.2、意大利著名旅行家马可波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州：“这是世界上最美妙迷人的城市，它是使人觉得自己是在天堂。The famous traveler of Italy, Marco Polo, described his impression of Hangzhou” This is the most splendid and fascinating city in the world, it make people think himself is in the paradise.” 3、这架飞机有多大的重量啊！它载着解放区人民的心，载着全中国人民的希望，载着我们国家的命运。How heavy the airplane is! It carried the heart of the people of liberated areas, the hopes of all over the country, and the destiny of our country.4、英雄造时势，时势造英雄。Heroes create the times, the times produce their heroes.5、一踏进门槛，屋子里的混乱景象使我吃了一惊。As soon as I set foot in the house, I was surprised by the mass of the room.6、土地和谷物是人们赖以生存的根本。祭社稷便是表示人们对土地和谷物的敬重。The earth and the cereals is the basic of humans life. And the hence ceremonies were held to pay respect for them.7、嵩山有号称“天下第一名刹”的少林寺。Shaolin Temple is famous as the “Number One Temple under Heaven” is located in Mount Songshan.8、他的报告里所提到的东西经不起推敲。What he said in his report couldnt stand close scrutiny.（二）、下列译文谓语的处理不够妥当，请加以改进。1、自从他出国之后，我从未听到过他的消息。Ive never heard from him since he went abroad.改进：Ive never heard about him since he went abroad.2、这座旅馆能接待300多个旅客。This hotel can contain over three hundred passengers.改进：This hotel can accommodate over three hundred passengers.3、这只船容易颠覆，因为他造型不合理。This boat is easy to overturn because its shape is unreasonable.改进：This boat is easy to overturn because it is unreasonable shaped.4、人们来到莫干山，目的可都不一样。People come to Mogen Mountain not with the same purpose.改进：People do not come to Mogen Mountain with the same purpose.(三)、阅读下列原文和译文，将译文括号中谓语/非谓语动词的正确形式填入空白中。我到夏中时，还没有开学，正是热的要命的时候，庄先生夫妇约我去洗海水浴，差一点我被海浪卷去了生命。原来我生平没有看见人家游泳过，只在画报上看到一些游泳的照片，既然来到了海滨，而且天气这么热，自然我想下水去练习练习；没想到海浪是这么可怕的，它突然袭来。我被卷去了丈多远，口里灌进去很多海水，咸得我大声叫喊“救命啊！救命啊！”他们连忙把我的膀子捉住，又是一个大浪打来，把我们卷去了丈多远。海水越来越深，连最会游泳的都失去了控制的能力，何况我是个初下水的人？I came (come) back to Xiamen to fill (fill) the teaching post before school began. It was (be) unbearably hot, so being Mr.Zhuang and his wife invited (invite) me to go (go) sea bathing with them. But surprisingly it ended (end) up in my narrow escape from the surging waves. As I had never in my life seen (see) people swim except in some pictorials and as the weather was (be) so hot, I, being (be) at the seaside and not knowing (know) how dreadful the sea could become (become), naturally _felt_(feel) like having (have) a go at dabbling in the water. Suddenly the violent waves came (come) upon me and carried (carry) me quite a few meters away. “Help! Help!” I cried (cry) out with lots of salty seawater in my mouth. They rushed (rush) to my rescue. But no sooner had they seized (seize) me by the arm than the surging waves returned (return) to carry (carry) all of us quite a few meters away. In an increasingly rough sea, even a good swimmer may lose (lose) all control over himself, let alone me, an absolute beginner in the art of swimming. （四）、英译下列短文，注意谓语动词的选择。我的第一个先生就是我的母亲。我已经说过使我认识“爱”字的是她。在我幼儿的时候，她是我的世界的中心。她很完美的体现了一个“爱”字。她使我知道了人间的温暖；她使我知道了爱与被爱的幸福。她常常用温和的口气，对我解释种种的事情。她教我爱一切的人，不管他们贫与富；她教我帮助那些在困苦中需要扶持的人；她教我同情那些境遇不好的婢仆，怜恤他们，不要把自己看得比他们高，动辄将他们打骂。My first teacher is my mother. As I said before, awakened in me a sense of love. She was the center of the world in my early childhood; she gave expression to the word”love” perfectly. She made me know the warmth of the world; she showed me that love is no less happiness than to be loved. She often use the tenderly tone to explained all sorts of things to me! She told me to love people, whether poor or rich; she told me to help those in need or in trouble; she told me to give a sympathetic thought to servant and maids who were not so fortunate in their circumstances, and never look down upon them ,beat and scold even.母亲自己也处过不少逆境。在大家庭里做媳妇，这苦处是不难想到的。但是母亲从不曾在我眼前淌过泪，或者说过什么悲伤地话。她给我看见的永远是温和的，带微笑的脸。 My mother also has so many adversities. Being a daughter-i