Bluetooth蓝牙.doc

Bluetooth蓝牙 提供的包android.bluetooth。蓝牙功能包：BluetoothAdapter 蓝牙适配器(代表本地蓝牙适配器）BluetoothClass 蓝牙类（主要包括服务和设备）BluetoothClass.Device 蓝牙设备类BluetoothClass.Device.Major 蓝牙设备管理BluetoothClass.Service 有关蓝牙服务的类BluetoothDevice 蓝牙设备（主要指远程蓝牙设备）BluetoothServerSocket 监听蓝牙连接的类BluetoothSocket 蓝牙连接类首先设置权限：其次，要使用蓝牙，首先需要获得蓝牙适配器，BluetoothAdapter _bluetooth=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();/获得本地蓝牙适配器如果要获得远程的蓝牙适配器需要使用BluetoothDevice类。先定义两个常量private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE = 0x1;private static final int REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE = 0x2;1,请求打开蓝牙：Intent enabler=new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);startActivityForResult(enabler,REQUEST_ENABLE);2,请求能够被搜索Intent enabler=new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);startActivityForResult(enabler,REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);BluetoothAdapter中的动作常量还有：ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED 已完成蓝牙搜索ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED 已经开始搜索蓝牙设备ACTION_LOCAL_NAME_CHANGED 更改蓝牙的名字ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE 请求能够被搜索ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE 请求启动蓝牙ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED 扫描模式已改变ACTION_STATE_CHANGED 状态已改变3，打开蓝牙_bluetooth.enable();4,关闭蓝牙_bluetooth.disable();BluetoothAdapter中的常用方法：cancelDiscovery 取消当前设备搜索的过程checkBluetoothAddress 检查蓝牙地址是否正确 如00:43:A8:23:10:F0 字母字符必须是大写才有效disable 关闭蓝牙适配器enable 打开蓝牙适配器getAddress 取得本地蓝牙设备的适配器地址getDefaultAdapter 得到默认的蓝牙适配器getName 得到蓝牙的名字getRemoteDevice 取得指定蓝牙地址的BluetoothDevice对象getScanMode 取得扫描模式getState 得到状态isDiscovering 是否允许被搜索isEnabled 是否打开setName 设置名字startDiscovery 开始搜索5，搜索蓝牙设备BluetoothDevice实际上是一个蓝牙硬件地址薄，该类对象是不可改变的。其操作都是远程蓝牙硬件使用BluetoothAdapter来创建一个BluetoothDevice对象。代码清单8-22 public class DiscoveryActivity extends ListActivity private Handler _handler=new Handler(); /取得默认的蓝牙适配器 private BluetoothAdapter _bluetooth=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); /用来存储搜索到的蓝牙设备 private ListBluetoothDevice) _devices=new ArrayList(); /是否完成搜索 private volatile boolean _discoveryFinished; private Runnable _discoveryWorker=new Runnable() public void run() _bluetooth.startDiscovery(); for (;) if (_discoveryFinished) break; try Thread.sleep(100); catch (InterruptedException e) ; /接收器，当搜索蓝牙设备完成时调用 private BroadcastReceiver _foundReceiver=new BroadcastReceiver() public void onReceive(Context context,Intent intent) BluetoothDevice device=intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); _devices.add(device); showDevices(); ; private BroadcastReceiver _discoveryReceiver=new BroadcastReceiver() public void onReceive(Context context,Intent intent) unregisterReceiver(_foundReceiver); unregisterReceiver(this); _discoveryFinished=true; ; protected void onCreate(Bundle saveInstance) super.onCreate(.); getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_BLUR_BEHIND,WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_BLUR_BEHIND); setContentView(R.layout.discovery)l /如果蓝牙适配器没有打开 则结束 if (!_bluetooth.isEnabled() finish(); return; /注册接收器 IntentFilter discoveryFilter=new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED); registerReceiver(_discoveryReceiver,discoveryFilter); IntentFilter foundFilter=new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); registerReceiver(_foundReceiver,foundFilter); /显示一个对话框，正在搜索蓝牙设备 SamplesUtils.indeterminate(DiscoveryActivity.this,_handler,Scanning.,_discoveryWorkder,new OnDismissListener() public void onDismiss(DialogInterface dialog) for (;_bluetooth.isDiscovering();) _bluetooth.cancelDiscovery(); _discoveryFinished=true; ,true); /显示列表 protected void showDevice() List list=new ArrayList(); for (int i=0,size=_devices.size();isize;+i) StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder(); BluetoothDevice d=_devices.get(i); sb.append(d.getAddress(); sb.append(n); sb.append(d.getName(); String s=sb.toString(); list.add(s); final ArrayAdapter adapter=new ArrayAdapter(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,list); _handler.post(new Runnable() public void run() setListAdapter(adapter); ); protected void onListItemClick(ListView l,View v,int pos,long id) Intent result=new Intent(); result.putExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE,_devices.get(pos); setResult(RESULT_OK,result); finish(); 6,Socket服务端与客户端注册蓝牙服务器： private BluetoothAdapter _bluetooth=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); private BluetoothServerSocket _serverSocket=bluetooth.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(PROTOCOL_SCHEME_RFCOMM,UUID.fromString(a60f35f0-b93a-11de-8a39-08002009c666);注 意listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord方法返回一个蓝牙服务器对象，其参数 PROTOCOL_SCHEME_RFCOMM是一个String类型的自定义常量，代表蓝牙服务器的名称，而 UUID.fromString(a60f35f0-b93a-11de-8a39-08002009c666)是该蓝牙服务器的唯一标识UUID。 在客户端连接服务器时需要使用这个UUID。接收请求：BluetoothSocket socket=_serverSocket.accept();if (socket!=null) ._serverSocket.close();/关闭蓝牙服务器代码清单8-23 public static final String PROTOCOL_SCHEME_L2CAP=bt12cap; /btspp btgoep tcpobex private Thread _serverWorker=new Thread() public void run() listen(); ;onCreate _serverWorker.start();onDestroy shutdownServer();finalize() throws Throwable shutdownServer();private void shutdownServer() new Thread() public void run() _serverWerrupt(); if (_serverSocket!=null) try _serverSocket.close(); catch (IOException e) Log.e(TAG,e); _serverSocket=null; .start();protected void listen() try _serverSocket=bluetooth.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(PROTOCOL_SCHEME_RFCOMM,UUID.fromString(a60f35f0-b93a-11de-8a39-08002009c666); final List lines=new ArrayList(); _handler.post(new Runnable() public void run() lines.add(server started.); ArrayAdapter adapter=new ArrayAdapter(ServerSocketActivity.this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,lines); setListAdapter(adapter); ); BluetoothSocket socket=_serverSocket.accept(); if (socket!=null) InputStream is=socket.getInputStream(); int read=-1; final byte bytes=new byte2048; for (;(read=is.read(bytes)-1;) final int count=read; _handler.post(new Runnable() public void run() StringBuilder b=new StringBuilder(); for (int i=0;i0) b.append( ); String s=Integer.toHexString(bytesi & 0xFF); if (s.length()2) b.append(0); b.append(s); String s=b.toString(); lines.add(s); ArrayAdapter adapter=new ArrayAdapter(ServerSocketActivity.this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,lines); setListAdapter(adapter); ); catch (IOException e) Log.e(TAG,e); finally 客户端的连接代码：代码清单8-24 public class ClientSocketActivity extends Activity private static final String TAG=ClientSocketActivity.class.getSimpleName(); private static final int REQUEST_DISCOVERY=0x1; private Handler _handler=new Handler(); private BluetoothAdapter _bluetooth=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); provate void onCreate(.) super. getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_BLUR_BEHIND，WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_BLUR_BEHIND); setContentView(R.layout.client_socket); if (!_bluetooth.isEnabled() finish(); return ; Intent intent=new Intent(this,DiscoveryActivity.class); /提示选择一个要连接的服务器 Toast.makeText(this,select device to connect,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); startActivityForResult(intent,REQUEST_DISCOVERY); /选择了服务器之后进行连接 protec