人体解剖 消化系统.doc

由整理于网络人体解剖学词汇消化系统 (Digestive System) digestive system ，alimentary system消化系统 internal organ ，splanchna ，viscera 内脏 splanchnology 内脏学 digestive apparatus 消化器 digestive canal 消化管 上消化道(Superior Digestive Tract) mouth口 Oral cavity ，mouth cavity口腔 Hard (soft) palate硬(软)腭 Gum牙龈 Sublingual caruncle舌下阜 Sublingual fold舌下襞 Papilla of parotid duct腮腺管乳头 Oral glands口腔腺 Major salivary glands大唾液腺 Sublingual gland舌下腺 Major(minor)sublingual duct舌下腺大(小)管 Submandibular gland下颌下腺 Submandibular duct下颌下腺管 * Parotid gland腮腺 Parotid duct腮腺管 Tooth牙 Incisor teeth incisor切牙 Lateral (second) incisor侧切牙 Canine teeth 尖牙 Premolor teeth 前磨牙 molor teeth磨牙 * tongue, lingua 舌 apex (dorsoum，root，body) of tongue舌 尖(背，根，体) lingual mucous membrane舌黏膜 frenulum of tongue 舌系带 papillae of tongue,lingual papillae舌乳头 filiformpapillae 丝状乳头 fungiform papillae 菌状乳头 vallate papillae 轮廓乳头 foliate papillae叶状乳头 terminal sulcus 界沟 foramen cecum of tongue 舌盲孔 muscles of tongue 舌肌 genioglossus m 颏舌肌 * pharynx咽 isthmus of fauces, fauces咽峡 palatine velum腭帆 palatine uvula,uvula腭垂，悬雍垂 palatoglossal arch腭舌弓 palatopharyngeal arch腭咽弓 palatine tonsil腭扁桃体 tonsillar fossa扁桃体窝 cavity (fornix) of pharynx 咽腔 nasopharynx鼻咽 eustachian cushion, tubal torus咽鼓管圆枕 tonsillar ring扁桃体环 pharyngeal recess咽隐窝 oropharynx口咽 laryngopharynx喉咽 piriform recess梨状隐窝 * esophagus食管，食道 cervical (thoracic, abdominal) part ofesophagus 食管颈(胸，腹)部 * stomach胃 greater curvature of stomach胃大弯 lesser curvature of stomach胃小弯 angular (gastric) notch角切迹 cardia, cardiac orifice贲门 cardiac part 贲门部 fundus (body) of stomach 胃底 cardiac notch (incisure) 贲门切迹 pylorus,pyloric orifice幽门 pyloric part (canal, antrum) 幽门部(管，窦) * small intestine小肠 solitary lymphatic follicles孤立淋巴滤泡 aggregated lymphatic follicles集合淋巴滤 泡 * duodenum十二指肠 ampulla,duodenal bulb十二指肠球 major(minor)duodenal papilla十二指肠大 (小)乳头 duodinojejunal flexure十二指肠空肠曲 suspensory m.of duodenum十二指肠悬肌 下消化道(Inferior Digestive Tract) * jejunum 空肠 * ileum回肠 * large intestine大肠 c(a)ecum盲肠 ileocecal valve(orifice)回盲(瓣)口 * vermix,vermiform appendix阑尾 * colon结肠 ascending (transverse, descending) colon升横，降)结肠 right colic flexure,hepatic flexure结肠右曲，肝曲 left colic flexure,splenic flexure结肠左曲，脾曲 sigmoid colon乙状结肠 haustra of colon结肠袋 colic lig结肠带 epiploic appendices肠脂垂 * rectum直肠 sacral(perineal)flexure骶(会阴)曲 anal canal(column,sinus,valves肛管(柱， 窦，瓣) anorectal line肛直肠线 dentate line,anocutaneous line齿状线，肛 皮线 anal pecten,hemorrhoidal ring肛梳 anus肛门 internal sphincter m. of anus肛门内括约肌 消化腺(Digestive Glands) * liver肝 diaphragmatic surface膈面 visceral surface脏面 sulcus for vena cava腔静脉沟 fossa for gallbladder胆囊窝 round lig.of liver肝圆韧带 venous lig. (duct) 静脉韧带 door of liver肝门 hepatic pedicle肝蒂 left (right) lobe左(右)叶 quadrate (caudate) lobe方(尾状)叶 bile duct胆管 extrahepatic duct肝外胆道 common hepatic duct肝总管 left (right) hepatic duct肝左右管 * gallbladder胆囊 fundus (body,neck) of gallbladder胆囊底 (体，颈) cystic duct胆囊管 common bile duct胆总管 hepatopancreatic ampulla肝胰壶腹 sphincter m.of hepatopancreatic ampulla肝 胰壶腹括约肌 * panc