八下unit2what should i do讲义.doc

个性化辅导讲义学生： 科目： 英语 第 阶段第 次课 教师： 阳丽 课 题Unit 2 What should I do?教学目标1） Learn to talk about the problems by using：Whats wrong ？/ Whats the matter ？/Whats the trouble ？（2）Learn to talk about giving advice by using ：could ， should ， Why dont you.？重点、难点How to talk about problems and give advice考点及考试要求could， should，Why dont you.？（formulaic）教学内容知识框架第一部分 本单元短语1. too loud太大声 2. out of style过时的 3. in style 流行的4. call sb up=ring sb.up=call/ring/phone sb. 给.打电话 5. enough money 足够的钱(enough修饰名词时不必后置)6. busy enough 够忙 (enough修饰形容词或副词时必须后置) 7. a ticket to/for a ball game一张球赛的门票注意：the key to the lock/the key(answer) to the question/the solution to the problem .此处几个短语不能用of表示所有格8. talk about 谈论 9. on the phone用电话10. pay for付款11. spendon +sth.=spend.( in) doing sth. 在花钱 12. It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花的时间 13. borrow from从.借( 借进来)14. lendto 把借给（借出去）15. You can keep the book for a week 你可以借这本书一周。（不用borrow或lend）16. buy sth for sb 为买东西 17. tell sb to do /not to do sth.sth 告诉某人做某事18. want sb. to do sth.=would like sb. to do 想某人做某事19. find out 发现；查清楚；弄明白20. play ones stereo 放录象 21. fail the test=not pass the test 考试不及格22. fail in (doing) sth 在.上失败,变弱23. succeed in (doing) sth 在.方面成功24. write sb a letter/write to sb. 给某人写信25. surprise sb. 使某人吃惊（类似有：surprise/interest/please/amaze+某人）26. to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是.27. to ones joy使某人高兴的是.28. look fora part-time job 找一份兼职的工作（不一定有结果）29. get/find a part-time job 找到一份兼职的工作（有结果）30. ask sb. for寻求/向某人要某物 31. have a bake sale卖烧烤32. argue with sb = have an argument with sb. 与某人争吵 33. have a fight with sb.=fight with 与某人打架34. drop off离去；散去；逐渐减少;死去 35. prepare for=get ready for 为做准备 36. after-school clubs 课外俱乐部l be/get used to doing 习惯做某事l used to do过去经常/常常做某事l be used for doing=be used to do sth. 被用于做某事 37. fill up填补；装满38. return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还给某人39. get on /along well with 与相处很好 40. all kinds of 各种各样41. as much as possible=as much as possible 尽可能多42. take part in=join in 参加（某种活动/集会） 43. a bit =a little 一点儿（当修饰形容词或比较级时）44. a bit of =a little 一点儿/一些（当修饰不可数名词时）45. be angry with 生的气 46. by oneself+on ones own某人自己/独自地47. on the one hand一方面 48. on the other hand 另一方面49. I find/feel/think it difficult to do. 我发现/感到/认为做某事很难.50. see/hear/watch sb. doing sth. 看到/听见/注视某人正在做51. notuntil 直到才（谓语动词一般是非延续动词） 52. 表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法: be/become+ upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed说明：当主语是某人时，注意后面的形容词一般是-ed结尾的单词，而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时，注意后面形容词一般是-ing结尾单词.）例如:I was surprised/interested/amazed when I heard the surprising/interesting/amazing news.第二部分 本单元目标句型1. Whats wrong (with you)? / Whats the matter? / whats the trouble ( with you) ?2. What should I do?我该怎么办 3. You could write him a letter.你可以给他写封信.4. You should say sorry to him.你应该给他道歉.5. They shouldnt argue.他们不应该争吵.J6. Why dont you talk to him about it? =Why not talk to him about it?=You should/could talk to him about it.=What/How about talking to him about it.=Youd better talk to him about it.考点一：词汇考查典型例题1.A.用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. There was an _ (argue) happened between Tom and Jack last night.2. Lucy is used to_ (have) a walk after supper every day.3. The people in Iraq keep fighting for their own _ (free).4. The teenagers have to work hard because of the _ (press) from their parents.5. They tried their best to find the _ (solve) because they want to solve the problems.2.B.根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词。1. All the students laugh at me because my clothes are out of s_.2. “Dont worry, my dear young man; theres nothing s_.” the doctor said to me.3. Everyone went to play bowling e_ Tom and me because we dont like it.4.Look,our English teacher is _(准备) for his lessons.5.He is really a_(天才),he can do everything that I cant do. 知识概括、方法总结与易错点分析词组短语详解：1. Keep out! 禁止入内祈使句，意为：“不准入内！”指“关在门外，不准入内。”l Keep sth. adj.2. My brother plays his CDs too loud. 我哥哥把他的唱片声音放得太大。Play：l 播放。 e.g. Please play the tape again. 请再放一边磁带。l 演奏，弹奏 e.g. I can play the violin, too. 我也会拉小提琴。l 玩，打，踢e.g. play football/bolleyballl 剧本，n. e.g. TV play 电视剧 watch the play 看戏3. I dont have enough money. 我没有足够的钱Enough修饰n.放在前面 e.g. enough moneyEnough修饰adj.放在后面e.g. good enough【考例】He is old _ to go to school.A. much B. many C. enough D. more【答案与解析】C。本题中old enough 表示年龄足够大。故本题选C。4. I argue with my best friend. 我与我最好的朋友发生了争执。l Argue v. 争辩，争论，辩论l Argue with sb. 与某人辩论l Argue on/about sth. 争论，辩论某事e.g. They are arguing about playing computer games.【拓展】argue about sth. 意为“为某事而争论”。argument 是argue的名词形式，have an argument with sb.相当于argue with sb.。e.g. I dont want to argue about the houtse with you. 我不想和你为房子的事争论。 You shouldnt have an argument with your parents about the bike. 你不应该为了自行车的事和你父母争吵。【考例】I _my parents about my hairstyle yesterday evening.A. play B. argue with C. argued with D. to argue with 【答案与解析】C。本题中argue with sb.意为“与争吵，争论”。又因为时间状语是yesterday evening，表示过去的时间，要用一般过去时态，故本题选C。5. My clothes are out of style. 我的衣服过时了。l Out of style/ In style【考例】I dont think my clothes are_. A. be out of style B. out of style C. out fashion D. to out of style 【答案与解析】B。本题中be out of style / fashion表示“过时”、“不合乎时尚”。因句中已有are，故本题选B。6. Maybe you should buy some new clothes. 也许你应当买一些新衣服。l Maybe 与 may bee.g. Maybe you put it there. 也许你把它放在那里了。It may be a hat. = May be it is a hat. 它也许是顶帽子。7. You could write him a letter. 你可以给他写封信。l Write sb. A letter = write to sb. 给某人写一封信l 写信给某人：write to sb.l 收到某人的来信：hear from sb. = get/receive a letter from sb.8. Maybe you should call him up. 也许你应当给他打电话。l Call sb. Up = ring sb. Up = make a telephone call to sb. = give sb. A call/ring给某人打电话 【拓展】maybe 不同于 may be。 maybe 是一个词，是副词，may be 是情态动词may加上动词原形be，意为“或许”，后接形容词、名词、代词等。例如：It may be true. He may be the man we are looking for.（2）call sb. up 打电话给某人可以与名词、代词连用。连接代词时，把代词放在 call 与 up 之间 例如：Please call me up. Dont forget to call up your uncle. Ill call her up this afternoon.【考例】_you are right. A. Maybe B. Might C. May be D. Might to【答案与解析】A。本题中maybe不同于may be。 maybe 是一个词，是副词，may be是情态动词may加上动词原形be，意为“或许”，后接形容词、名词、代词等。故本题选A。9. A ticket to a ball game 一张球赛的票A key to a doorAn answer to a question10. I dont want to surprise him. 我不想使他吃惊。l Surprise v. 使惊奇；使差异；使感到意外。其后可接名词或代词作宾语。e.g. You surprise me! 你吓了我一跳！His words surprised my mother a lot. 他的话使我母亲大吃一惊。l Be surprised at 对感到吃惊e.g. We are very surprised at the news. 听到这个消息，我们非常吃惊。【拓展】surprised adj. 惊讶的 surprising adj. 令人惊讶的例如：Im surprised to hear the news. Its a surprising gift, and I love it.【考例】I was_ when I saw her. A. surprising B. surprised C. surprise D. to surprise【答案与解析】B。本题中surprised adj.惊讶的；surprising adj.令人惊讶的。故本题选B。11. I need to get some money to pay for summer camp. 我需要得到一些钱以支付夏令营的费用。（1）need是个情态动词，也可以是行为动词。当它是情态动词时，后边直接加行为动词，表示“需要”，但need作情态动词时一般不用于肯定句。它一般用于否定句和疑问句中，例如： You need repeat it. 你需要重复它。 Need I repeat it? 我有必要重复它吗？简略回答为：Yes, you need. No, you neednt.（2）【拓展】（sb.）pay（money）for sth. 为而付款（sb.）spend（money）on sth. 在上花多少钱（sth.）cost sb.（money） 值钱这三个短语都是表示付款。但pay, spend指的是“人”，主语为人，而cost指的是“物”，主语为“物”。例如说“他昨天花20元买了一本书”。用以上三个短语分别为： He paid 20 yuan for the book yesterday. 他昨天为这本书付了20元钱。 He spent 20 yuan on the book yesterday. 他昨天花了20元钱（买）这本书。 The book cost him 20 yuan yesterday. 这本书花了他20元钱。注意以上三个动词的动词过去式为：pay - paid； spend - spent； cost - cost【考例】- Ive got a new book. - How much did you _it? A. buy B. spend C. pay for D. cost 【答案与解析】C。(sb.）pay（money）for sth. 为而付款，（sb.）spend（money）on sth. 在上花多少钱，（sth.）cost sb.（money）值多少钱 故本题选C。12. I have an idea. You could borrow some money from your brother. 我有一个主意，你可以像你哥哥借一些钱。l Idea n. 主意，念头e.g. He has a good idea. 他有个好主意。注意：l I have no idea. = I dont know. 我不知道l Borrow与lendborrow sth from sb. 从谁那里借什么东西。Lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. Sth.borrow 与 lend 的区别： borrow 借来 lend 借给【考例】Han Mei _ a book from the library a week ago. A. lent B. returnedC. borrowedD. wanted【答案与解析】C。本题考查borrow 与lend 的区别。borrow 借来；lend 借给。本题的意思是从图书馆借书。故本题选C。13. No, he doesnt have any money, either. 不，他也没有钱。l Either adv. 用于否定句中，表示“也”e.g. You havent read that book. I havent read it, either.l Either, too, alsoe.g. My mother hasnt been to Beijing. My father hasnt been there, either.That woman is a teacher, too.I, too, have been to London.We also play football.【考例】He doesnt like swimming, and he doesnt like boating,_. A. neither B. too C. another D. either【答案与解析】D。本题中either作副词，用在否定句或否定词组后加强语气，表示“也，而且”。而neither用于肯定句中。too用于三者或三者以上。故本题选D。14. I think you should ask your parents for some money. 我想你应当向你的父母要一些钱。l Ask for 向要；l Ask for 索要，要求得到e.g. He asked for time to thind all this over. 他要求给他时间把这一切好好想想。He asked me for some money. 他想我要了些钱。l Ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求/请求某人（不要）做某事l Ask for leave 请假15. Have a bake sale. 卖烧烤16. I need some money to buy gifts for my family. 我需要一些钱为我的家人买礼物l Buy sb. Sth. = buy sth. to sb.17. They are original. 它们很新颖l Original adj. 新颖的，独创的，原始的，最早的e.g. original ideas 新思想/ an original edition 原版/ the original plan 原计划He is an original composer. 他是一位富有独创力的作曲家。18. They are inexpensive. 它们不贵。l Cheap 与 inexpensive Cheap往往意味着质量差，指价钱便宜的或因质量差而价格低的。Inexpensive指物美价廉的，价值与价格相比而便宜的，表示“价格公道的，不贵的”19. But I just found out that my friends were planning a birthday party for my best friend, and they didnt invite me. 可是我刚刚发现我的朋友们正计划给我最好的朋友举办生日聚会，而他们没有邀请我。Just adv.l 刚才，刚刚e.g. They have just left there. 他们刚刚离开这。l 仅仅，只是e.g. Dont scold him. He is just a child. 别责备他，他只是个孩子。l 后接名词，名词短语或句子，意为“正好，恰好”.g. It was just four oclock when we got home. 我们到家时刚好4点钟。注：just now 刚才，不久以前e.g. I saw our teacher just now. 刚才我看到我们的老师了。 Just then 正（就）在那时e.g. Just then he came out of the room. 就在那是他从房间走了出来。20. Find out 找出，发现，查处（真相等）e.g. Please find out where they live. 请查处他们住在哪儿。Find ，look for ，find outl Find 意为“找到，发现”，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，也可指偶然发现某物或某种情况，强调的是“找的结果”e.g. He didnt find his bike. 他没找到他的自行车。l Look for 意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调“寻找”这一动作e.g. I cant find my pen. Im looking for it everywhere.我的钢笔不见了，我正在到处找。He is looking for his shoes. 他在找他的鞋子。l Find out 意为“找出，发现，查明”，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚，弄明白”，通常含有“经过困难曲折”的含义，指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。e.g. Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。Read this passage, and find out the answer to this question. 读这篇短文，找出这个问题的答案。21. Everyone else in my class was invited except me. 除了我以外，我们班其他人都被邀请了。except 是介词，表示“除了之外”；besides 强调“除了，还有”例如：Except Lily, there are 42 students in our classroom.除丽丽外我们教室里还有42个人。Besides Lily, there are 42 students in our classroom.表示丽丽也在教室，教室里有42个人。【考例】I looked for my pen everywhere _ there A. except B. but C. except forD. beside【答案与解析】A。本题考查 except 与 besides 的区别。except 是介词，表示“除了”；besides 强调“除了，还有”。故本题选A。22. You left your homework at home. 你把作业忘在家里了。 leave 遗忘，留下，忘带 例如：The old man left his pocket on the bus. 那位老人把钱包忘在了公交车上。【考例】I _ my pen in my classroom. A. left B. leave C. forget D. forgot【答案与解析】A。本题考查leave sth.+ 地点。这一结构。故本题选A。23. My cousin is the same age as me. Shes really nice, and we get on well, but she always borrows my things. 我的表妹与我同岁。她确实很好，并且我们相处得很好，可她总是借我的东西。l The same age asl Get on well 相处得好l Get on well with 与相处融洽、相处得好e.g. We get on well with each other. 我们彼此相处融洽。How do you get on with your new classmates? 你和你的新同学相处得怎么样？l 注：Get on with 还可以表示“在某方面的进展情况”e.g. How are you getting on with your English studies? 你的英语学习情况如何？【考例】He wears the same clothes_I do. A. like B. as C. on D. in【答案与解析】B。本题考查the same as 意思是“与一样”。这一结构。故本题选B。【考例】I get on well_ my cousin. A. on B. with C. in D. at【答案与解析】B。本题考查固定搭配get on well with sb. 与某人相处融洽。故本题选B。24. I dont want to have a fight with my cousin, because she is my best friend.l Havea fight with sb. = fight with sb. = fight against sb.e.g. We cant have a fight with each other at school. 在学校我们不能相互打架25. Could you give some advice?l Give sb. Some advicel A piece of advicee.g. The teacher gave me some advice on how to learn English well.26. The tired children dont get home until 7 p.m. 疲惫的孩子们知道晚上7点才到家。l Not until 27. The Taylors are like many American and British parents. 泰勒夫妇像许多美国和英国的父母一样。l The taylors泰勒夫妇，泰勒一家人。姓的附属前加定冠词the，表示“*一家人”或“*夫妇二人”e.g. The Smiths are having dinner. 史密斯一家正在吃饭28. Linda Miller, a mother of three in London, knows all about such pressure.l Know about 了解，知道的情况e.g. I happened to know about him.针对性练习A. 翻译下列短语：（15分）1.留在外面，不进人_2.打电话给某人_3.与相同_ 4.为做好准备_5.过时的；落伍的_6.与某人争吵_7.为付款；付钱_8.向某人借某物_9.给某人提建义_10.找出_11.enough money_ 12.leave my homework at home_13.have a fight with _ 14.get a part-time job_.15.get on well with sb_.B.根据上句完成下句，且使上下两句意思相符，每空一词。（15分）1. Whats wrong with Jim? Whats _ _ with Jim? 2. He had a good rest after he had lunch. He _ _ a good rest _ he had lunch. 3. Please tell us what we should do next time. Please tell us _ _ _ next time. 4. Lin Tao didnt pass the math exam last week. Lin Tao _ _ the math exam last week. 5. You must speak English as much as you can. You must speak English _ _ _ _. 考点二：同步语法典型例题1 I argued with my best friend You _ say _ to himAshould；hello Bshould；sorry Ccan；good bye Dcould；hello 【答案与解析】B。因为是与朋友吵架了，所以应该说对不起。should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，意为“应该”。should（应当，应该）用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。因此选B。2. . He asked me _ a post office.A. where could he find B. where to find C. where does he findD. where finding【答案与解析】A。 情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿。All right. 是“可以”；Thats right. 是“对的”； A符合题意。知识概括、方法总结与易错点分析情态动词表示“可能”或“预测”（1）can 和 could 用于表示“可能”或“预测”：1. He cant be at home. (否定句) 他不可能在家。2. Can the news be true? 这消息可能是真的吗? (将情态动词 can 置于主语 the news 前就成疑问句)3. Anybody can make mistake. 任何人都可能犯错误。 (只表示理论上的可能性)在这个单元中我们还学到用could表示建议，这时could不是can的过去式，而表示比should更加委婉的建议。- I need some money to pay for the summer camp.- You should/ could borrow some money from your friends.（2）may 和 might 用于表示“事实上的可能性”或“预测”：1. It may rain tomorrow. (表示可能会发生) 明天可能会下雨。2. It may snow later this afternoon. (表示预测) 今天下午可能会下雪。3. You might be right. (表示有可能)你可能是对的。（3）will 和 would 用于表示“预测”或“习惯性”：1. I think he will be all right now. (will be 表示一定会)我想他现在一定好了。2. That would be his mother. (would be 表示肯定是)那肯定是他母亲。3. He will sit there hour after hour looking at the river. (will 表示经常的)他经常一连几个小时坐在那儿看着河水。（4）shall 和 should 用于表示“必定”：1. I shall be rich one day. (shall be )总有一天我会发达的。2. That should be Sam and his mother. (should be)那准是Sam 和他的母亲。should（应当，应该）用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。e.g. You should wait a little more. 你应该再多等一会儿。 - I have a very bad cold. 我感冒得很厉害。 - You should lie down and have a rest. 你应该躺下，休息一会儿。（5）must 用于表示“必定”，“必会”：1. This must be good for you. (must be 肯定)这肯定对你是有益的。2. Mustnt there be a mistake? (mustnt 多用于疑问句)那肯定会有错误吗？情态动词表示“许可”、“请求”(can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must)（1）can 和 could 用于表示“许可”、“请求”：1. Can I go with you ? (请求)我能跟你一起走吗？2. Father said I could go to cinema. (表示过去的许可)爸爸说我可以去看电影。3. Could I ask you something? (请求，用 could 比 can 更婉转)我可以问你一件事吗？（2）will 和 would 用于表示“请求”：1. Will you kindly tell me the way to the post office ?(表示客气请求)请问到邮局怎么走？2. Would you give me your address? (用 would 比 will 表示更客气)请你告诉我你的地址，好吗（3）shall 和 should 用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意见：1. Shall we talk?我们谈谈好吗？2. What should we do next? (用should 比 shall 表示更客气)下一步我们该怎么做？3. Shall he c