四级写作.ppt

Youask whatisouraim Icananswerinoneword Itiscapability Capabilityatallcosts capabilityinspiteofallterrors capability howeverlongandhardtheroadmaybe forwithoutcapability thereisnopass Youask whatisouraim Icananswerinoneword Itisvictory Victoryatallcosts victoryinspiteofallterrors victory howeverlongandhardtheroadmaybe forwithoutvictory thereisnosurvival WinstonChurchill AgreementsofTraining 实力是对语言技巧的最高发挥没有完美的文章只有高分的文章 四节课课程安排 四级写作总论写作中的词汇运用英语的基本句式及长难句的写法4 段落的写作 第一节课四级写作总论大纲解析写作学习方法文化差异与写作我们面临的问题 大纲要求 写作主要测试学生用英语进行书面表达的能力 写作选用考生所熟悉的题材 要求考生根据规定的题目和所提供的提纲 情景 图片或图表等 能够写出一篇不少于120词的短文或日常应用文 包括信函 简历等 要求文章内容完整 条理清楚 文理通顺 1 大纲解析 知已知彼 百战不殆 写作考察的主题 写作命题源于日常生活和有关科技社会文化等方面的一般常识 不涉及知识面过广 专业性太强的内容 e g Reading jobinterview studentuseofcomputers honesty teacher classmates clubs 内容归类 1990 1 2009 12 41 A 社会热点类09 6 Freeadmissiontomuseums1 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么 2 也会带来一些问题3 你的看法 B 常识类08 6 RecreationalActivities1 娱乐活动多种多样2 娱乐可能使人们受益 也可能有危害性3 你的看法 C 个人生活类08 12 Howtoimprovepsychologicalhealth 学生心理健康的重要性2 学校应该怎样做3 学生自己应该怎样做D 校园生活09 12 Creatagreencampus 1 建设绿色校园十分重要2 绿色校园不仅指绿色环境3 为了建设绿色校园我们应该 体裁归类1应用文 10考 口头作文 3考 书信作文 4考 通知作文 1考 见证书 2考 2论说文 31考 记叙说明议论描写提纲作文 29考 图表作文 2考 1时间 30分钟2字数要求 至少120个字3 具体要求 语言结构内容 审题 3分钟 写作 25分钟 检查 2分钟 05 6Forthispart youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayinhonorofteachersontheoccasionofTeacher sDay Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow 1 向老师致以节日祝贺2 从一件难忘的事回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献3 我如何回报老师的关爱 审题 3分钟 必写作文 口头作文 05 107 6书信作文 03 12 05 6论说文 06 1203 1练笔 模考 写作 25分钟 检查 2分钟 拼写标点语法A拼写 1格式题目居中齐头式2大小写 1 每句话的第一个字母直接引语的第一字母Hesaid HeisgoingtoShanghainextweek WhatElectivestoChoose 2 文章标题要大写LimitingtheUseofDisposablePlasticBags B标点 逗号 句号 省略号 问号 Ididn tknowwhathemeantbythat 下划线 书或杂志名称双引号 一篇文章诗歌一首歌分号 表示并列 连接的句子关系紧密破折号 表示解释或者转折 同意或质疑 检查 2分钟 C语法 Generallyspeaking readingextensivelymaybeharmfultostudents 时态1现在时为主2过去时图表段 91 6 02 6 举例段3将来时结尾段 一般现在时ILoveZhouJielun现在进行时IamlovingZhouJielun现在完成时IhavebeenlovingZhouJielunsince2000 检查 2分钟 3 具体要求 写作要求语言第一位 结构第二位 内容第三位 1 语言第一位 表达通顺 无重大语言错误简单原则 安全第一句子结构词多变 Nowadays somefamousuniversitieshavebecomeahottouristattraction ManymiddleschoolstudentsandordinarytouristsswarmintouniversitycampusessuchasPekingUniversityandTsinghuaUniversity Theycanenjoytheintellectualatmospherethereandalsobeapartofit Whenitcomestowhethertheuniversitycampusshouldbeopentotourists differentpeopleholddifferentviews Somearguethatsincemostuniversitiesbelongtothecountry everycitizenhasarighttovisitthem What smore Moreover Moreimportantly middleschoolstudentscanhaveagoodimpressionoftheuniversities whichwillsetadefinitegoalforthemselves Nevertheless Onthecontrary otherpeoplemaintainthatthevisitorswilldistracttheattentionofteachersandstudentsinuniversities Thus Hence theirvisitshouldbebanned Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove wecancometotheconclusionthatthevisitbringspeoplebothbenefitsandharms Weshouldopenmostpartsofuniversitiestovisitors meanwhile someprivateorimportantpartsshouldnotbeopened Onlyinthiswaycanwesatisfybothtouristsanduniversities 2 结构第二位 A文章要有逻辑性全文 总分总 提出分析解决段落 总分总 主题句论证小结句子 逻辑 并列and or因果because becauseof since as for as转折but however 08 12 Theenvironmenthasbeenpollutedseriouslybecauseoftheprevailinguseofthedisposableplasticbags B要使用关联词 起承转合起 启动观点 开篇点题口头 firstly secondly last lastly third thirdly书面 Firstofall inthesecondplace firstandforemost generallyspeaking句子 Nowadays Recently theissueof hasbeenbroughttopublicattention Whenitcomesto differentpeopleholddifferentviews 起 Generallyspeaking Ingeneral Onthewhole Itgoeswithoutsayingthatstudyingtoohardmaybeharmfultostudents Nowadays Recently theissueofenvironmentprotectionhasbeenbroughttopublicattention 承 承接论据 承上启下besides moreover furthermore inaddition lastbutnotleast ontheotherhand主观意向 moreimportantly evenworse 转 语意转折 反面论述03 1 ItPaystoBeHonest1 当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象2 诚实利人利已 做人应该诚实but howevernevertheless whereas while instead by incontrast in bycomparison onthecontrary conversely 合 合并归纳 inbrief thereforethus hence asaresult inconclusionasaconsequence consequently句子 1 Thus Hence Inshort itcanbesaidthat 2 Itmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows 3 Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove wecancometotheconclusionthat 2005年12月作文Directions Forthispart youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpentoTourists Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow 1 名校校园正成为旅游新热点 2 校园是否应对游客开放 人们看法不同 3 我认为 Nowadays somefamousuniversitieshavebecomeahottouristattraction ManymiddleschoolstudentsandordinarytouristsswarmintouniversitycampusessuchasPekingUniversityandTsinghuaUniversity Theycanenjoytheintellectualatmospherethereandalsobeapartofit Whenitcomestowhethertheuniversitycampusshouldbeopentotourists differentpeopleholddifferentviews Somearguethatsincemostuniversitiesbelongtothecountry everycitizenhasarighttovisitthem What smore Moreover Moreimportantly middleschoolstudentscanhaveagoodimpressionoftheuniversities whichwillsetadefinitegoalforthemselves Nevertheless Onthecontrary otherpeoplemaintainthatthevisitorswilldistracttheattentionofteachersandstudentsinuniversities Thus Hence theirvisitshouldbebanned Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove wecancometotheconclusionthatthevisitbringspeoplebothbenefitsandharms Weshouldopenmostpartsofuniversitiestovisitors meanwhile someprivateorimportantpartsshouldnotbeopened Onlyinthiswaycanwesatisfybothtouristsanduniversities 2 结构第二位 Nowadays somefamousuniversitieshavebecomeahottouristattraction ManymiddleschoolstudentsandordinarytouristsswarmintouniversitycampusessuchasPekingUniversityandTsinghuaUniversity Theycanenjoytheintellectualatmospherethereandalsobeapartofit Whenitcomestowhethertheuniversitycampusshouldbeopentotourists differentpeopleholddifferentviews Somearguethatsincemostuniversitiesbelongtothecountry everycitizenhasarighttovisitthem What smore Moreover Moreimportantly middleschoolstudentscanhaveagoodimpressionoftheuniversities whichwillsetadefinitegoalforthemselves Nevertheless Onthecontrary otherpeoplemaintainthatthevisitorswilldistracttheattentionofteachersandstudentsinuniversities Thus Hence theirvisitshouldbebanned 起Whenitcomesto 承Moreover 转Nevertheless 合Thus Hence Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove wecancometotheconclusionthatthevisitbringspeoplebothbenefitsandharms Weshouldopenmostpartsofuniversitiestovisitors meanwhile someprivateorimportantpartsshouldnotbeopened Onlyinthiswaycanwesatisfybothtouristsanduniversities 必须使用5 7个关联词 3 内容第三位 真情流露没必要 语言第一位 精彩词汇 句型结构第二位 3段 每段怎么展开内容第三位切题 印象原则 3眼字数跑题扫描 二 写作学习方法 There snoshortcutinwritingalanguage butthere saway 学习方法 八字方针1精读2背诵五背原则 精彩词汇 精彩句型 精彩句子 万能框架 经典范文3互译4仿写 互译与仿写 英汉互译 语言升级替换的积累过程中文 学习英语很重要 LearningEnglishisveryimportant 原文 learningEnglishisofgreatsignificance 总结 of n adj significance importance 沟通对于我们来说很重要Communicationisimportantforus 换词Communicationisindispensableforus 词组Communicationisofimportanceforus Communicationplaysanindispensableroleinourlife 插入语Communication effectiveandheartyexchange playsanindispensableroleinourlife 比喻Communicationisliketheair water andsunshineandcannotbepartedwithamomentinourlife e g A对B很重要AisimportanttoB Aisofimportance significancetoB Aplaysanimportantrole partinB Bcannotsurvive live develop growwithoutA Aisessential significant crucial critical vital indispensabletoB TheimportanceofAtoBcanneverbeexaggerated denied ignored doubted AmeansalottoB Aiseverything thewholeworldtoB NothingismoreimportanttoBthanA Amatters countstoB 仿写 上课总结句型原句 thereisnovirtueinamansooutstandingthatitdoesnotworthpraising 仿写 thereisnofrailtyinamansoobviousthatitdoesnotneedrectifying 真题 游览 ThereisnoviewinChinasofascinatingthatitdoesnotworthvisiting 教师节 thereisnocareandhelpofMissGaosoardentthatitdoesnotneedgratitude 三 中西方文化差异与写作 1东方 迂回思维西方 直线思维 三文化差异与写作 Tragediescanbewritteninliteraturesincethereistragedyinlife 生活中既然有悲剧 文学作品就可以写悲剧 应对 开门见山 Eg2 2东方 意合 流水句法西方 形和 竹节句法Chinaisadevelopingcountry mostpeoplecannotaffordacaryet Although Conquerthedesires ortheywillconqueryou 你如不能战胜欲念 欲念将要战胜你 应对 使用连词使文章句子有结构 文化差异与写作 2东方 群体 笼统意义词汇居多西方 个体 具体词汇Eg Thecompetitionputsmuchpressureonpeople imposes collegestudents 1Thegovernmentgivesequalsopportunitiestoall 2Notallthebookscandogoodtous benefit ensures 练习 四 我们面临的问题 无话可说真难受滔滔不绝意识流英语表达憋得慌 思维受到限制 表达不够成熟 四 我们面临的问题 无话可说真难受 思路决定出路08 12LimitingtheUseofDisposabePlasticBags一次性塑料袋曾被广泛的使用造成的问题限制使用的意义Brainstorming头脑风暴 解决方法Brainstorming相关即可 自圆其说十大作文万能理由万能理由 Omnipotence 1 经济 节省和浪费 savetime money space economical thrift wastetime money space costly lavish2 效率 efficient efficiently efficiency 3 方便 convenient convenience4 人的心理健康 independent cooperative competitive considerate confident creative sociable perseverance selfish isolated conserative 5 人的身体健康 health disease strong strength energetic 6 娱乐 colorful pleasure joy recreation entertainment relax tired boring lonely 7 环境 environment pollute poisonous dirty8 安全和危险 safe danger risk9 经验 experience socialexperience enterthesociety10 人际 humane fair unfair help assist freedom freely 经济