TOGAF Version 9.1.docx

Open Group StandardTOGAF Version 9.1Document Number: G116ISBN: 9789087536794ContentTOGAF Version 9.10Frontmatter19Preface19About The Open Group20Participants20Trademarks27Acknowledgements28Referenced Documents29Part I - Introduction321. Introduction321.1 Structure of the TOGAF Document331.2 Executive Overview352. Core Concepts382.1 What is TOGAF?392.2 What is Architecture in the Context of TOGAF?392.3 What Kind of Architecture Does TOGAF Deal With?392.4 Architecture Development Method402.5 Deliverables, Artifacts, and Building Blocks412.6 Enterprise Continuum422.7 Architecture Repository432.8 Establishing and Maintaining an Enterprise Architecture Capability452.9 Establishing the Architecture Capability as an Operational Entity452.10 Using TOGAF with Other Frameworks473. Definitions473.1 Abstraction483.2 Actor493.3 Application493.4 Application Architecture493.5 Application Platform493.6 Application Platform Interface (API)493.7 Architectural Style493.8 Architecture493.9 Architecture Building Block (ABB)503.10 Architecture Continuum503.11 Architecture Development Method (ADM)503.12 Architecture Domain503.13 Architecture Framework503.14 Architecture Governance503.15 Architecture Landscape503.16 Architecture Principles513.17 Architecture Vision513.18 Artifact513.19 Baseline513.20 Boundaryless Information Flow513.21 Building Block523.22 Business Architecture523.23 Business Function523.24 Business Governance523.25 Business Service523.26 Capability533.27 Capability Architecture533.28 Capability Increment533.29 Communications and Stakeholder Management533.30 Concerns533.31 Constraint533.32 Data Architecture543.33 Deliverable543.34 Enterprise543.35 Enterprise Continuum543.36 Foundation Architecture543.37 Framework543.38 Gap543.39 Governance553.40 Information553.41 Information Technology (IT)553.42 Interoperability553.43 Logical563.44 Metadata563.45 Metamodel563.46 Method563.47 Methodology563.48 Model563.49 Modeling563.50 Objective573.51 Patterns573.52 Performance Management573.53 Physical573.54 Platform573.55 Platform Service573.56 Principle573.57 Reference Model (RM)573.58 Repository583.59 Requirement583.60 Roadmap583.61 Role583.62 Segment Architecture583.63 Service Orientation583.64 Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)593.65 Solution Architecture593.66 Solution Building Block (SBB)593.67 Solutions Continuum593.68 Stakeholder593.69 Standards Information Base (SIB)603.70 Strategic Architecture603.71 Target Architecture603.72 Taxonomy of Architecture Views603.73 Technology Architecture603.74 Transition Architecture603.75 View613.76 Viewpoint613.77 Work Package614. Release Notes614.1 Whats New in TOGAF 9?614.2 The Benefits of TOGAF 9654.3 Mapping of the TOGAF 8.1.1 Structure to TOGAF 9664.4 Mapping of TOGAF 9 Structure to TOGAF 8.1.1684.5 Using TOGAF704.6 Why Join The Open Group?71Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM)725. Introduction725.1 ADM Overview725.2 Architecture Development Cycle745.3 Adapting the ADM785.4 Architecture Governance795.5 Scoping the Architecture805.6 Architecture Integration855.7 Summary866. Preliminary Phase866.1 Objectives876.2 Approach886.3 Inputs946.4 Steps956.5 Outputs987. Phase A: Architecture Vision997.1 Objectives1007.2 Approach1007.3 Inputs1037.4 Steps1047.5 Outputs1108. Phase B: Business Architecture1118.1 Objectives1128.2 Approach1128.3 Inputs1178.4 Steps1198.5 Outputs1269. Phase C: Information Systems Architectures1279.1 Objectives1289.2 Approach1289.3 Inputs1299.4 Steps1309.5 Outputs13010. Phase C: Information Systems Architectures - Data Architecture13110.1 Objectives13110.2 Approach13110.3 Inputs13310.4 Steps13410.5 Outputs14111. Phase C: Information Systems Architectures - Application Architecture14211.1 Objectives14211.2 Approach14311.3 Inputs14311.4 Steps14411.5 Outputs15212. Phase D: Technology Architecture15312.1 Objectives15412.2 Approach15412.3 Inputs15512.4 Steps15612.5 Outputs16412.6 Postscript16513. Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions16613.1 Objectives16713.2 Approach16713.3 Inputs16813.4 Steps16913.5 Outputs17514. Phase F: Migration Planning17614.1 Objectives17714.2 Approach17714.3 Inputs17814.4 Steps18014.5 Outputs18415. Phase G: Implementation Governance18515.1 Objectives18615.2 Approach18615.3 Inputs18715.4 Steps18815.5 Outputs19116. Phase H: Architecture Change Management19216.1 Objectives19216.2 Approach19316.3 Inputs19816.4 Steps19916.5 Outputs20117. ADM Architecture Requirements Management20117.1 Objectives20217.2 Approach20217.3 Inputs20417.4 Steps20517.5 Outputs208Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques20818. Introduction20818.1 Guidelines for Adapting the ADM Process20818.2 Techniques for Architecture Development20918.3 Using TOGAF with Different Architectural Styles21019. Applying Iteration to the ADM21119.1 Overview21119.2 Iteration Cycles21319.3 Classes of Architecture Engagement21419.4 Approaches to Architecture Development21819.5 Iteration Considerations21919.6 Conclusions22420. Applying the ADM across the Architecture Landscape22420.1 Overview22420.2 Architecture Landscape22520.3 Organizing the Architecture Landscape to Understand the State of the Enterprise22720.4 Developing Architectures at Different Levels22721. Security Architecture and the ADM22821.1 Overview22821.2 Introduction22821.3 Guidance on Security for the Architecture Domains22921.4 ADM Architecture Requirements Management23021.5 Preliminary Phase23121.6 Phase A: Architecture Vision23321.7 Phase B: Business Architecture23521.8 Phase C: Information Systems Architectures23821.9 Phase D: Technology Architecture24121.10 Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions24321.11 Phase F: Migration Planning24421.12 Phase G: Implementation Governance24421.13 Phase H: Architecture Change Management24521.14 References24622. Using TOGAF to Define & Govern SOAs24622.1 Overview24622.2 Introduction24722.3 SOA Definition24722.4 SOA Features24822.5 Enterprise Architecture and SOA24822.6 SOA and Levels24922.7 Using TOGAF for SOA25122.8 Summary26523. Architecture Principles26623.1 Introduction26623.2 Characteristics of Architecture Principles26723.3 Components of Architecture Principles26723.4 Developing Architecture Principles26823.5 Applying Architecture Principles26923.6 Example Set of Architecture Principles27124. Stakeholder Management28324.1 Introduction28324.2 Approach to Stakeholder Management28424.3 Steps in the Stakeholder Management Process28524.4 Template Stakeholder Map28825. Architecture Patterns29625.1 Introduction29625.2 US Treasury Architecture Development Guidance (TADG)30125.3 IBM Patterns for e-Business30225.4 Some Pattern Resources30426. Business Scenarios and Business Goals30426.1 Introduction30526.2 Benefits of Business Scenarios30526.3 Creating the Business Scenario30626.4 Contents of a Business Scenario31026.5 Contributions to the Business Scenario31126.6 Business Scenarios and the TOGAF ADM31226.7 Developing Business Scenarios31326.8 Business Scenario Documentation31626.9 Guidelines on Goals and Objectives31726.10 Summary32327. Gap Analysis32327.1 Introduction32427.2 Suggested Steps32427.3 Example32528. Migration Planning Techniques32628.1 Implementation Factor Assessment & Deduction Matrix32628.2 Consolidated Gaps, Solutions, & Dependencies Matrix32728.3 Architecture Definition Increments Table32828.4 Transition Architecture State Evolution Table32928.5 Business Value Assessment Technique32929. Interoperability Requirements33029.1 Overview33029.2 Defining Interoperability33129.3 Enterprise Operating Model33229.4 Refining Interoperability33329.5 Determining Interoperability Requirements33429.6 Reconciling Interoperability Requirements with Potential Solutions33629.7 Summary33630. Business Transformation Readiness Assessment33730.1 Introduction33730.2 Determine Readiness Factors33830.3 Present Readiness Factors34030.4 Assess Readiness Factors34130.5 Readiness and Migration Planning34330.6 Marketing the Implementation Plan34430.7 Conclusion34431. Risk Management34531.1 Introduction34531.2 Risk Classification34631.3 Risk Identification34631.4 Initial Risk Assessment34731.5 Risk Mitigation and Residual Risk Assessment34831.6 Conduct Residual Risk Assessment34831.7 Risk Monitoring and Governance (Phase G)34931.8 Summary34932. Capability-Based Planning34932.1 Overview35032.2 Capability-Based Planning Paradigm35032.3 Concept of Capability-Based Planning35132.4 Capabilities in an Enterprise Architecture Context35432.5 Summary355Part IV: Architecture Content Framework35533. Introduction35533.1 Overview35633.2 Content Metamodel35833.3 Content Framework and the TOGAF ADM35933.4 Structure of Part IV35934. Content Metamodel36034.1 Overview36034.2 Content Metamodel Vision and Concepts36034.3 Content Metamodel in Detail36734.4 Content Metamodel Extensions37134.5 Content Metamodel Entities38534.6 Content Metamodel Attributes38834.7 Metamodel Relationships39735. Architectural Artifacts40335.1 Basic Concepts40335.2 Developing Views in the ADM40635.3 Views, Tools, and Languages40835.4 Views and Viewpoints40935.5 Conclusions41135.6 Architectural Artifacts by ADM Phase41235.7 Recommended Architecture Views to be Developed43536. Architecture Deliverables47636.1 Introduction47636.2 Deliverable Descriptions47937. Building Blocks49337.1 Overview49337.2 Introduction to Building Blocks49337.3 Building Blocks and the ADM496Part V: Enterprise Continuum and Tools49838. Introduction49838.1 Introduction49838.2 Structure of Part V49939. Enterprise Continuum49939.1 Overview49939.2 Enterprise Continuum and Architecture Re-Use50039.3 Constituents of the Enterprise Continuum50139.4 Enterprise Continuum in Detail50239.5 The Enterprise Continuum and the ADM50939.6 The Enterprise Continuum and Your Organization51040. Architecture Partitioning51240.1 Overview51240.2 Applying Classification to Create Partitioned Architectures51240.3 Integration51541. Architecture Repository51741.1 Overview51741.2 Architecture Landscape51941.3 Reference Library52041.4 Standards Information Base52141.5 Governance Log52341.6 The Enterprise Repository52541.7 External Repositories52542. Tools for Architecture Development52642.1 Overview52642.2 Issues in Tool Standardization526Part VI: TOGAF Reference Models52743. Foundation Architecture: Technical Reference Model52743.1 Concepts52743.2 High-Level Breakdown52943.3 TRM in Detail53143.4 Application Platform - Taxonomy53843.5 Detailed Platform Taxonomy54444. Integrated Information Infrastructure Reference Model56244.1 Basic Concepts56244.2 High-Level View56644.3 Detailed Taxonomy570Part VII: Architecture Capability Framework58145. Introduction58145.1 Overview58145.2 Structure of Part VII58246. Establishing an Architecture Capability58246.1 Overview58346.2 Phase A: Architecture Vision58446.3 Phase B: Business Architecture58446.4 Phase C: Data Architecture58546.5 Phase C: Application Architecture58546.6 Phase D: Technology Architecture58646.7 Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions58646.8 Phase F: Migration Planning58646.9 Phase G: Implementation Governance58646.10 Phase H: Architecture Change Management58646.11 Requirements Management58647. Architecture Board58747.1 Role58747.2 Responsibilities58747.3 Setting Up the Architecture Board58847.4 Operation of the Architecture Board59048. Architecture Compliance59348.1 Introduction59348.2 Terminology: The Meaning of Architecture Compliance59448.3 Architecture Compliance Reviews59548.4 Architecture Compliance Review Process59848.5 Architecture Compliance Review Checklists60148.6 Architecture Compliance Review Guidelines61249. Architecture Contracts61349.1 Role61349.2 Contents61449.3 Relationship to Architecture Governance61650. Architecture Governance61750.1 Introduction61750.2 Architecture Governance Framework62150.3 Architecture Governance in Practice62751. Architecture Maturity Models62851.1 Overview62951.2 Background62951.3 US DoC ACMM Framework63051.4 Capability Maturity Models Integration (CMMI)63451.5 Conclusions63552. Architecture Skills Framework63552.1 Introduction63652.2 Need for an Enterprise Architecture Skills Framework63652.3 Goals/Rationale63852.4 Enterprise Architecture Role and Skill Categories63952.5 Enterprise Architecture Role and Skill Definitions64152.6 Generic Role and Skills of the Enterprise Architect64552.7 Conclusions649Part VIII: Appendices650A. Glossary of Supplementary Definitions650A.1 Access Control (AC)650A.2 Ada650A.3 Application Component650A.4 Application Software650A.5 Availability650A.6 Batch Processing651A.7 Business System651A.8 Catalog651A.9 Client651A.10 COBIT651A.11 Communications Network651A.12 Communications Node651A.13 Communications System651A.14 Composite Application651A.15 Configuration Management652A.16 Connectivity Service652A.17 Contract652A.18 Control652A.19 CxO652A.20 Data Dictionary652A.21 Data Element653A.22 Data Entity653A.23 Data Interchange Service653A.24 Data Management Service653A.25 Database653A.26 Database Management System653A.27 Directory Service653A.28 Distributed Database653A.29 Driver654A.30 End User654A.31 Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System654A.32 Event654A.33 External Environment Interface (EEI)654A.34 FORTRAN654A.35 Functional Decomposition654A.36 Goal654A.37 Guideline655A.38 Hardware655A.39 Human Computer Interface (HCI)655A.40 Information Domain655A.41 Information System (IS)655A.42 Information System Service655A.43 Interaction655A.44 Interaction Model655A.45 Interface655A.46 ITIL655A.47 Key Performance Indicator (KPI)656A.48 Lifecycle656A.49 Location656A.50 Logical Application Component656A.51 Logical Data Component656A.52 Logical Technology Component656A.53 Managing Successful Programs (MSP)656A.54 Matrix656A.55 Measure656A.56 Metaview657A.57 Multimedia Service657A.58 Open Specifications657A.59 Open System657A.60 Operational Governance657A.61 Operating System Service657A.62 Packaged Services658A.63 Physical Application Component658A.64 Physical Data Component658A.65 Physical Technology Component658A.66 Portability658A.67 Portfolio658A.68 PRINCE2658A.69 Process658A.70 Product659A.71 Profile659A.72 Profiling659A.73 Program659A.74 Project659A.75 Risk Management659A.76 Scalability659A.77 Security659A.78 Server660A.79 Service660A.80 Service Quality660A.81 SMART660A.82 Supplier Management660A.83 System660A.84 System and Network Management Service660A.85 System Stakeholder660A.86 Technology Component660A.87 Time Period661A.88 Transaction661A.89 Transaction Sequence661A.90 Use-Case661A.91 User661A.92 User Interface Service661B. Abbreviations661Frontmatter2011, The Open Group All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners.Any comments relating to the material contained in this document may be submitted to The Open Group at:The Open GroupApex PlazaForbury RoadReadingBerkshire, RG1 1AXUnited Kingdomor by electronic mail to: OGSPrefaceTOGAF Version 9.1, Enterprise Edition, is an open, industry consensus framework for enterprise architecture.This DocumentThere are seven parts to the TOGAF document:PARTI(Introduction) This part provides a high-level introduction to the key concepts of enterprise architecture and in particular the TOGAF approach. It contains the definitions of terms used throughout TOGAF and release notes detailing the changes between this version and the previous version of TOGAF.PARTII(Architecture Development Method) This is the core of TOGAF. It describes the TOGAF Architecture Development Method (ADM) - a step-by-step approach to developing an enterprise architecture.PARTIII(ADM Guidelines & Techniques) This part contains a collection of guidelines and techniques available for use in applying TOGAF and the TOGAF ADM.PARTIV(Architecture Content Framework) This part describes the TOGAF content framework, including a structured metamodel for architectural artifacts, the use of re-usable architecture building blocks, and an overview of typical architecture deliverables.PARTV(Enterprise Continuum & Tools) This part discusses appropriate taxonomies and tools to categorize and store the outputs of architecture activity within an enterprise.PARTVI(TOGAF Reference Models) This part provides a selection of architectural reference models, which includes the TOGAF Foundation Architecture, and the Integrated Information Infrastructure Reference Model (III-RM).PARTVII(Architecture Capabil