Kickstart 同时push多个linux操作系统.doc

在生产环境中，经常要安装不同版本的linux操作系统，以及各种安装需求；每次安装操作系统的时候如果用传统的光盘方式安装，费时又费力！下面介绍下如何在同一个时刻，使用kickstart push不同的版本的linux，主要有三个版本centos4.8,rhel5.4,rhel6.0和一个linux rescue环境！一：配置dhcp服务,ks服务器地址为/241. rootrhel5#rpm-qa|grepdhcp 2. dhcpv6-client-1.0.10-17.el5 3. dhcp-3.0.5-23.el5_5.2 4. 5. rootrhel5#cat/etc/dhcpd.conf 6. ; 7. default-lease-time6000; 8. max-lease-time11400; 9. authourtative; 10. next-server; 11. ddns-update-stylead-hoc; 12. log-facilitylocal7; 13. subnetnetmask 14. range5095; 15. optiondomain-name-servers54; 16. ; 17. optionnetbios-name-servers54; 18. optionrouters54; 19. optionbroadcast-address55; 20. default-lease-time6000; 21. max-lease-time11400; 22. filename/kickstart/ks.cfg; 23. 24. 25. optionspacePXE; 26. 27. classPXE 28. matchifsubstring(optionvendor-class-identifier,0,9)=PXEClient; 29. optionvendor-encapsulated-options01:04:00:00:00:00:ff; 30. optionboot-size0x1; 31. filenamepxelinux.0; 32. optiontftp-server-name; 33. optionvendor-class-identifierPXEClient; 34. vendor-option-spacePXE; 35. 二：配置tftp-server，准备vmlinz和initrd.img文件1. rootrhel5#rpm-qa|egreptftp|xinetd 2. tftp-0.49-2.el5.centos 3. tftp-server-0.49-2.el5.centos 4. xinetd-2.3.14-10.el5 5. 6. rootrhel5#cat/etc/xinetd.d/tftp 7. #default:off 8. #description:Thetftpserverservesfilesusingthetrivialfiletransfer 9. #protocol.Thetftpprotocolisoftenusedtobootdiskless 10. #workstations,downloadconfigurationfilestonetwork-awareprinters, 11. #andtostarttheinstallationprocessforsomeoperatingsystems. 12. servicetftp 13. 14. socket_type=dgram15. protocol=udp16. wait=yes17. user=root18. server=/usr/sbin/in.tftpd 19. server_args=-s/tftpboot 20. disable=no 21. per_source=1122. cps=1002 23. flags=IPv424. 25. 26. 这些文件可以在对应的系统光盘或者ISO文件下的isolinux目录下找到 27. rootrhel5#ls/tftpboot/rhel5.4_64/ 28. initrd.imgvmlinuz 29. rootrhel5#ls/tftpboot/rhel6_64/ 30. initrd.imgvmlinuz 31. rootrhel5#ls/tftpboot/centos4.8_64/ 32. initrd.imgvmlinuz三：配置相关文件复制pxelinux.0文件至/tftpboot目录下，该文件由syslinux软件包提供，用来pxe启动linux使用rootrhel5 # rpm -qf /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0 syslinux-3.11-4复制rhel5光盘下的isolinux目录下的文件至/tftpboot目录下，其中vmlinuz和initrd.img文件可以不用复制，在/tftpboot目录下创建一个名为pxelinux.cfg的目录，并将/tftpboot目录下的isolinux.cfg文件移到到该目录，重命名为default；KS文件可以在安装好的linux上使用system-config-kickstart命令生成1. rootrhel5#ls/tftpboot/ 2. boot.catcentos4.8_64isolinux.binmemtestparam.msgpxelinux.cfgrhel5.4_64splash.lss 3. boot.msggeneral.msgisolinux.cfgoptions.msgpxelinux.0rescue.msgrhel6_64TRANS.TBL 4. 5. rootrhel5#cat/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default 6. defaultrhel5_rescue 7. prompt1 8. timeout600 9. displayboot.msg 10. F1boot.msg 11. F2options.msg 12. F3general.msg 13. F4param.msg 14. F5rescue.msg 15. 16. labelrhel5_rescue 17. kernelrhel5.4_64/vmlinuz 18. appendksdevice=eth0load_ramdisk=1initrd=rhel5.4_64/initrd.imgnoipv6 19. 20. 21. labelrhel5.4_64 22. kernelrhel5.4_64/vmlinuz 23. appendksdevice=eth0load_ramdisk=1initrd=rhel5.4_64/initrd.imgks=/ks/ks5_64.cfgnoipv6 24. 25. labelrhel6_64 26. kernelrhel6_64/vmlinuz 27. appendksdevice=eth0load_ramdisk=1initrd=rhel6_64/initrd.imgks=/ks/ks6_64.cfgnoipv6 28. 29. 30. labelcentos4.8_64 31. kernelcentos4.8_64/vmlinuz 32. appendksdevice=eth0load_ramdisk=1initrd=centos4.8_64/initrd.imgks=/ks/ks4.8_64.cfgnoipv6 33. 34. rootrhel5#cat/tftpboot/boot.msg 35. #Todecideinstallostypeandentercommandtocontinue 36. 37. linuxresuce-rhel5_rescuerescue 38. 39. rhel5.464bit-rhel5.4_64 40. 41. rhel6.064bit-rhel6_64 42. 43. centos4.864bit-centos4.8_64四：配置FTP和autofs，这里将利用ftp和autofs为安装提供光盘源镜像1. rootrhel5#rpm-qa|egrepvsftpd|autofs 2. vsftpd-2.0.5-16.el5_5.1 3. autofs-5.0.1-0.rc2.131.el5 4. 5. rootrhel5#tail-1/etc/auto.master 6. /var/ftp/pub/etc/auto.ftp 7. rootrhel5#cat/etc/auto.ftp 8. iso5-fstype=iso9660,ro,loop:/data/ISO/rhel-server-5.4-x86_64-dvd.iso 9. iso4.8-fstype=iso9660,ro,loop:/data/ISO/CentOS-4.8-x86_64-binDVD.iso 10. iso6-fstype=iso9660,ro,loop:/data/ISO/rhel6.iso五：启动服务和测试1. rootrhel5#servicedhcpdrestart 2. Shuttingdowndhcpd:OK 3. Startingdhcpd:OK 4. 5. rootrhel5#servicevsftpdrestart 6. Shuttingdownvsftpd:OK 7. Startingvsftpdforvsftpd:OK 8. 9. rootrhel5#serviceautofsrestart 10. Stoppingautomount:OK 11. Startingautomount:OK 12. 13. rootrhel5#servicexinetdrestart 14. Stoppingxinetd:OK 15. Startingxinetd:OK 16. 17. rootrhel5#tail-f/var/log/messages 18. Jun1317:40:42rhel5dhcpd:DHCPDISCOVERfrom00:0c:29:4c:0f:d5viabr0 19. Jun1317:40:43rhel5dhcpd:DHCPOFFERon84to00:0c:29:4c:0f:d5viabr0 20. Jun1317:40:44rhel5dhcpd:DHCPREQUESTfor84()from00:0c:29:4c:0f:d5viabr0 21. Jun1317:40:44rhel5dhcpd:DHCPACKon84to00:0c:29:4c:0f:d5viabr0 22. Jun1317:40:44rhel5xinetd1794:START:tftppid=2829from=84 23. 24. rootrhel5#tail-f/var/log/xferlog 25. MonJun1308:46:2520111840/pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES-en_US.UTF-8.htmlb_oaanonymousftp0*i 26. MonJun1308:46:2520111840/pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES.en_US.UTF-8b_oaanonymousftp0*i 27. MonJun1308:46:2520111840/pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES-en_US.htmlb_oaanonymousftp0*i 28. MonJun1308:46:2520111840/pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES.en_USb_oaanonymousftp0*i 29. MonJun1308:46:26201118480344/pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES-en.htmlb_oaanonymousftp0*c 30. MonJun1308:49:4820111840/pub/iso5/images/updates.imgb_oarhinstallftp0*i 31. MonJun1308:49:4820111840/pub/iso5/disc1/images/updates.imgb_oa