高三一轮复习虚拟语气2012、10,22修改.ppt

虚拟语气 unrealconditionals 1 英语动词有三种语气 陈述语气 祈使语气和虚拟语气 2 定义 用来表示说的话不是事实 或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况 而是一种愿望 建议 假设的语气叫虚拟语气 一 虚拟语气定义 二 虚拟语气的考点1 虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定 2 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法3 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 4 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法 5 几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法 unrealconditionals 虚拟语气 虚拟语气的特殊结构的用法 虚拟语气在名词从句中的应用 条件状语从句中的虚拟 teachingaims 一 条件状语从句中的虚拟1 虚拟语气用于条件状语中 主从句的形式的考查分三种情况 1 IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadeamistake 2 IfIwereyou Iwouldnotlethimknowthetruth 3 Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife 与过去相反 与现在相反 与将来相反 1 Youdidn tletmedrive Ifwe inturn you sotired A drove didn tgetB drove wouldn tgetC weredriving wouldn tgetD haddriven wouldn tget 2 IfI you I veryhappy A were wouldbeB am shallbeC were shallbeD am wouldbe 3 Ifit tomorrow theshowwouldbeputoff A rainsB israiningC hadrainedD shouldrain 4 IfIhadknownthat I so A wouldn tdoB wouldn thavedoneC won tdoD shouldn tdo 2条件状语的倒装 如果条件状语中有were had should时 可以省略if构成倒装 Were Should Had 主语 主 其他 WereIyou Iwouldtryitagain Hadhebeenthereyesterday hewouldhaveseenthefilm Shoulditsnowtomorrow wewouldn tgoout 1 IfIwereyou Iwouldtryitagain 2 Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday hewouldhaveseenthefilm 3 Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow wewouldn tgoout 4 theexam hewouldhaveattendacollege A IfhepassedB HadhepassedC WerehepassedD Ifheshouldpass 5 itraintomorrow weshouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheScienceMuseum A WereB shouldC wouldD will 3 错综时间的条件句即从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同 此时 需要按时间来确定虚拟形式 如 eg Ifhehadnottakenmyadvice hewouldn tdoitmuchbetterlikethis 如果他不听取我的建议 他就不会干得这样好 Ifthey hard they iteasilynow 如果他们以前努力学习的话 现在干的就会容易些 hadstudied coulddo 经典题目1 Ifyou himyesterday you whattodonow asked wouldknowhadasked wouldhaveknownC askedhim knowD hadasked wouldknow2 Whatwouldhavehappened asfarastheriverbank A BobhadwalkedfartherB ifBobshouldwalkfartherC hadBobwalkedfartherD ifBobwalkedfarther C D 3 HowIwisheveryfamily alargehousewithabeautifulgarden 02上海 A hasB hadC willhaveD hadhad4 Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit 95N A breaksB hasbrokenC werebrokenD hadbeenbroken B C 注意 evenif eventhrough引导的让步状语从句 主句和从句都用虚拟语气 动词的形式与If从句中的虚拟语气的形式相同 eg Evenifhehadbeenill hewouldhavegonetohisoffice 即使生了病 他还去了办公室 二 名词性从句中虚拟语气 should doA 宾语从句中的虚拟语气在动词suggest order demand request desire insist require decide determine advise recommend deserve 值得提及 后需用should型的虚拟语气 考题点击 Theteacherdemandedthatthework before4o clock A finishedB befinishedC shouldfinishD finish2 Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmother sillness Hesuggestedthatshe anoperationatonce A musthaveB hadC haveD hadhad B C B 主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型 Itissuggested ordered proposed required demanded requested insisted should doItisimportant necessary natural desirable strange advisable imperative Itisapity ashame nowonder 考题点击 1 Isitnecessarythathe theexamination A takesB hastotakeC musttakeD take2 Itisstrangethathe youthis A wouldtellB shouldtellC hadtoldD hastold D B C 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在suggestion proposal idea plan order advice等名词后面的表语从句 同位语从句中要用虚拟语气 即 should 动词原形 Myideaisthatwe should getmorepeopletoattendtheconference Imakeaproposalthatwe should holdameetingnextweek 考题点击 Hissuggestionthatyou oncemoresoundsreasonable A tryB triesC musttryD cantry A 1 Theteacherorderedthathe should notleavetheclassroom 宾语从句 2 Hegaveusasuggestionthateveryone should haveamap 同位语从句 3 Itisnecessarythatwe should breathealotoffreshair 主语从句 例句 点睛 suggest当做暗示 表明的意思讲时 后面的从句是正常语气 根据具体情况确定动词的时态 Herredfacesuggestedshewasveryshy insist当坚持认为讲时 不用虚拟语气heinsistshe innocentandinsist setfree is shouldbe 1 Alltheteachersandstudentsdemandthey timeandfreedomoftheirown A hadB musthaveC haveD oughttohave 2 Weinsistthathe theletter A writeB couldwriteC wroteD canwrite 3 Theadvicethateverychild welllookedafterhasbeenconsidered A areB isC beD mustbe 4 Hegaveordersthatthehomework A ishandedinB washandedinC behandedinD werehandedin 5 Itisessentialthatagoodworker hisworkontime A finishedB finishC havetofinishD willfinish 三 几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法 1 wish 宾语从句 现在 过去 未来 过去时 did were 过去完成时 haddone would could might V should IwishIwereabird 现在 IwishIhadn tmadesuchamistake 过去 Wewishourparentswouldn tpunishus 未来 2 wouldratherthat 现在 过去 未来 Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow 现在 Iwouldratheryouhadgone too 过去 Don tcome Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 未来 过去时 过去时 过去完成时 3 asif though 从句 现在 过去 过去时 过去完成时 Helooksasifheweredrunk Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson Itseemsasifitwerespring Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday 4 It shightime that should V 过去时 你该走了 我们该睡觉了 It shightimethatyouwent It shightimethatyoushouldgo It stimethatwewenttobed It stimethatweshouldgotobed 5 without和butfor构成虚拟 butfor要不是 Withoutsunlight people slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday Butforyourhelp Iwouldn thavefinishedthework Butforwater itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert 6 Ifonly 要是 就好了 IfonlyIknewhisname Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice IfonlyIcouldseehimagain 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了 要是我没错过火车就好了 Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus IfonlyIhadn tmissedthetrain 7 语境中的虚拟语气 1 介词短语表条件Butforyourhelp wecouldn thavesucceeded Theywouldn thavereachedtheagreementsoeasilywithoutthatcommonground 2 情境中提供虚拟语气Supposetherewerenogravitationalforce objectswouldnotfalltothegroundwhendropped Shewasn tfeelingverywell Otherwiseshewouldn thaveleftthemeetingsoearly 8 It snecessary strange natural important that 从句中的动词要用虚拟 即 should 动词原形 1 Itisimportantthatwe should masteraforeignlanguage 2 Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty 3 It snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard 9 通过完成形式表示虚拟 1 should oughtto could might not havedonesth本来 不 应该 应该能或许做某事 而实际上没做 做了 某事 2 needn thavedonesth本来不必做某事 却实际做了某事 3 wouldrather not havedonesth宁愿 不 做某事 而实际上没做 做了 某事4 was weresupposed not tohavedonesth本来 不 应该做某事 而实际上没做 做了 某事 5 meant planned wanted desired intended hopedtohavedonesth或hadwanted plannedwanted desired intended hopedtodosth本来 不 打算 计划 想 愿望 打算 希望做某事 而实际上没做 做了 某事 10 was weregoingto本打算做某事11 用 may 动词原形 表示 但愿 祝愿 此时may需置于句首 多用于正式文体中 如mayyoubehappy 祝你快乐 Maygoodluckbeyours 祝你顺利 练习巩固 1Hesuggestedthatthemeetingputoff A notbeB shouldnotC wouldn tD benot2Itisstrangethatheso A thinksB thinkC thoughtD willthink3IwishImyuncleyesterday A metB havemetC wouldmeetD hadmet4Theoldprofessorgaveordersthattheexperimentbefore6 A wasfinishedB willfinishC befinishedD shallbefinished 5 Shesaysshe dratherhe tomorrowinsteadoftoday A hadB shouldleaveC leavesD left6 It salready5o clocknow Don tyouthinkit sabouttime A wearegoinghomeB ifsheleavesC wewenthomeD ifshehadleft 7It shightimehehome A goesB wentC willgoD isgoingtogo8yousucceedandyoubehealthy A May mayB Wish wishC Hope hopeD Should may9Galileoinsistedthattheearthroundthesun A shouldmoveB moveC movesD AorB 10IfonlyI tom