英语语音lecture.ppt

BetterEnglishPronunciationforCommunicationAPracticalCourseforStudentsofEnglishByFacultyofEnglishLanguage Culture ReadingPractice Ishallhavetotryandgetsomecashfromourbankatlunchtime Thenwecanletthemhavethemoneythattheywantassoonastheylike Whataretheyaskingustopaythem ObjectivesoftheCourse ThiscourseisintendedtohelpthestudentstoimprovetheirEnglishpronunciation includingsuchelementsas1 thecorrectpronunciationofindividualphonemesandwordsinEnglish2 therhythmicpatternsoftheEnglishlanguage3 patternsandfunctionsofEnglishintonation TocommunicatemoreeffectivelywithEnglishpronunciation intonation WhyEnglishPronunciation Thereisaneed Toimproveintelligibility ToenhancelisteningcomprehensionThereisadream TospeaklikeanativespeakerThereisamust Tobecomemoreeffectiveinoralcommunication Coursecontent 1 Englishphonemes correctdiscriminationandpronunciation2 StressofEnglishwordsandsentences basicrulesandfunctions3 Englishrhythmicpatterns basicfeaturesandfunctions4 Englishintonation structures functionsanduse Textbook 英语语音教程 EnglishPronunciation IntonationForCommunication王桂珍编著高等教育出版社2005 ReferencebooksCruttenden A Gimson sPronunciationofEnglish EdwardArnoldLimited ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress 20012 Gimson A C AnIntroductiontoPronunciationofEnglish London Arhold 1970 3 O Connor J D BetterEnglishPronunciation CambridgeUniversityPress 1967 AssessmentClasswork 50 Exam 50 1 WrittenExam 30 Discriminationofphonemesandthemeaningofsentences markingoftheprominenceandintonationofsentences 2 OralExam 70 Readingofshortpassagesanddialogues oralinterview etc English WestGermaniclanguageAbout325millionnativespeakers Britain 56milliontheUSA 232millionCanada 24millionAustralia NewZealand17millionThesoleofficiallanguagein20 countriesThemostimportantlanguageofcommerceThemostwidelylearnedsecondlanguage GeneralBritish GeneralAmerican GBGA kit ship bridge milk myth busy dress step neck edge shelf friend trap tap back badge hand cancel lot stop sock possible quality truck cup suck budge pulse trunk foot put bush full good look wolf bath staff brass ask dance calf cloth cough broth cross long rnurse hurt lurk burst jerk term i ifleece speak leave feel key people GBGAe e face tape cake raid veil steak day palm psalm father bra spa larger thought taught sauce jaw broad o goat soap joke home know so u ugoose loop shoot tomb huge view a a price ripe write arrive try buy choice avoid noise join toy royal a a mouth out house loud crowd cow rnear beer sincere fear beard e e rsquare care fair pear scarce vary rstart far bark carve farm heart rnorth for short scorch born warm o rforce four sport porch borne story rcure poor tourist pure plural jury BritishPrimeMinister BlairreportsonhisvisittoUS2004 04 19 rmWithpermissionMrSpeakerIshouldliketomakeastatementonmyvisittotheUnitedStatesfrom15to16April InNewYorkImettheUNSecretaryGeneralKofiAnnan andinWashingtonPresidentBush Withthemboth thetwomainpointsofdiscussionwereIraqandtheMiddleEastPeaceProcess OnIraq thereisnodoubtthepresentsituationisverydifficult SincemidMarchtheUShavesuffered123militaryfatalities ofwhich112werekilledinhostileaction OneUkrainiansoldierwasalsokilledinAlKutduringrecentdisturbances AnumberofcontractorshavebeentargetedsincethemiddleofMarch InadditiontoanumberofUScivi lianskilled oneBritish oneItalianandoneCanadiansecurityguard twoFinnishbusinessmen threeGermansandoneDutchcontractorhavebeenkilled Mostsecurityincidentscontinuetooccurinthe SunniTriangle northwestofBaghdad ThisincludesthetownofFallujahwheretheUSMarineshavesetupacordonagainstSunniinsurgents USforcesarealsodeployedaroundNajaf whereMuqtadralSadr ssupportersarestillensconced ThereiscurrentlyapauseinmilitaryactivityinFallujahandNajaftoallowdiscussionwiththoseinvolved FormerUSPresident TheformerUSpresidentBillClinton rmThankyouverymuch thankyou ThankyouverymuchtoExecutiveTung Mrs Tung membersofyourgovernmentandcitizensofHongKong HillaryandIandourdelegationincludingseveralmembersoftheUnitedStatesCongress andmembersofourcabinetandotherAmericansarealldelightedtobeheretonight HongKongisaworldsymboloftrade enterprise freedomandglobalinterdependence Visitorscomehereforfashionandfood Theworldconsumesyourelectronicsproductsandyourmovies AndeveryAmerican whohaseverwantedtotravelanywhere haswantedtocometoHongKong Thisis itistrue thefirstvisittoHongKongofaPresidentandafortuitousoneformethatIcancomeandwishallofyouahappyanniversary ButitisnotmyfirsttriptoHongKong MywifeandIhavebothbeenhereinourpreviouslives oraswesaywhenwearebackhome backwhenwehadalife IwantyoutoknowthattheUnitedStatesconsidersHongKongvitaltothefuturenotonlyofChinaandAsia butoftheUnitedStatesandtheworldaswell Ourtiesmustgrowstrongerandtheywill Andthispresentfinancialcrisistoo willpass ifweworktogetherwithdisciplineandvisiontoliftthefortunesofourneighbors BelievemethereisnooneinAmericawhoisnoteagerlyawaitingtheresumptionofrealgrowthandstabilityintheAsianeconomyandwearepreparedtodowhateverwecantosupportit WealsoappreciatewhatChinaandHongKonghavedoneandthepricethathasbeenpaidtostablizethesituation Soletuslookforwardtothefuture withallitsvitalityandallitsunpredictableevents Somewillbedifficultbutmostwillbeverygoodif asIsaidtoPresidentJiang westayontherightsideofhistory QueenElizabeth sspeech2004 11 23queensspeech231104 rm MyLordsandMembersoftheHouseofCommonsMyGovernmentwillcontinuetopursuepolicieswhichentrencheconomicstabilityandpromotegrowthandprosperity MyGovernmentwillcontinuetoreformthepublicservicestoensuretheyprovidemoresecurityandopportunityforall MyGovernmentattachesthehighestimportancetoextendingeducationalopportunitysothatallindividualscanrealisetheirfullpotentialandthecountrycanbenefitfromthetalentsofallitspeople ABillwillbeintroducedtostreamlinetheregimeofschoolinspectionstohelpraisestandardsforeverychildineveryschool PRIMEMINISTERAHERN 20050317 3 v rmMr President FirstLady it sagreathonortobe again withyouonthisveryspecialday St Patrick sDayisoneofjoyandcelebrationforIrishcommunitiesallovertheworld It satimewhenmembersoftheextendedIrishfamilyandfriendsexpressprideinourhomelandandinthebondsthattieustoIreland NowhereisthismoretruethanintheUnitedStates whereIrishheritagehasbeenfosteredandcherishedforgenerations Mr President we reveryhonoredthatweagainsharethisspecialIrishdaywithyouhereattheWhiteHouse ThissymbolicceremonyofthepresentationofshamrockepitomizestheenduringtiesbetweenIrelandandtheUnitedStates Todayprovidesauniqueopportunitytocelebrateoursharedheritage aswellasthestrengthanddiversityofourbilateralrelations whichcontinuetoprosperandevolveinanever changingworld PresidentBush Mr PrimeMinister IwanttothankyouforyourtirelessworkinthestruggleagainstterrorismonSt Patrick sIsland Iappreciateyourleadership Iappreciateyourstrengthofcharacter Iappreciateyourvision Ittakescouragetoworkthepath towalkthepathofpeace Andyourleadership Mr PrimeMinister isappreciatednotonlyinyournationbutinours aswell Asyouworkforpeace ourgovernmentandtheAmericanpeoplewillstandwithyou Today AmericaandIrelandareunitedinmanyways Theeconomiesofourtwocountriesarecloselytied We reworkingtogethertobringfreedomandjusticetoAfghanistanandtheBalkansandothercountriesthathavenowknownit WeshareacommoncommitmenttothevaluespreachedbySt Patrick libertyunderGodandthedignityofallhumanpersons SummaryElementsofgoodEnglishpronunciation topronouncecorrectlytheindividualspeechsoundsofEnglishtopronouncecorrectlythespeechsoundsintheircombinationsinisolatedwordsaswellasinsentencestospeakfluentlywithcorrectrhythm includingthecorrectplacementofstressesandpausesandthetransitionofsoundsaccordingtothecontexttospeakwithappropriateintonationaccordingtothecontext PhoneticelementExamples PhonemesCombinationofsoundsSoundlinkingWordstressRhythmicpatternWeakformsSentencestressIntonation 20vowels 24consonantscameraWasallofiteaten presentvspresentHowdidyoumanagetofinishit fishandchips Wereyoutherelastnight No Johnwasthere Ibegyourpardon Ibegyourpardon Englishvowels vowelclassification TheEnglishpurevowelscanbeclassifiedaccordingtotheheightoftheraisedpartofthetonguethepartofthetongueraisedthepositionofthelips i e u I high mid high mid low low front central back VowelCharts EnglishPureVowels bot Englishconsonants consonantclassification TheEnglishconsonantscanbeclassifiedaccordingtoplaceofarticulationmannerofarticulationvoicing i e voicedorvoiceless EnglishConsonants I vegotaweekoff Don trushintoanything Wrapitinascarf Yourauntisveryill It saboutafamilyonafarm Itendsataquartertoeleven Theactorsallwentontothestageattheend Putitinabigenvelopeandlockitup ReadingPractice Ishallhavetotryandgetsomecashfromourbankatlunchtime Thenwecanletthemhavethemoneythattheywantassoonastheylike Whataretheyaskingustopaythem ReadingPractice Ishallhavetotryandgetsomecashfromourbankatlunchtime Thenwecanletthemhavethemoneythattheywantassoonastheylike Whataretheyaskingustopaythem 15 41 Comments SuggestionsfortheCourseareMostWelcome LectureIITheRhythmicStructureofEnglish RhythmandstressRhythmandthelengthofsoundsRhythmandsoundlinkingRhythmandassimilationRhythmandweakforms Revision EnglishPhonemes Englishvowels vowelclassification TheEnglishpurevowelscanbeclassifiedaccordingtotheheightoftheraisedpartofthetonguethepartofthetongueraisedthepositionofthelips front central back high close mid high half close mid low half open low open i e u I high mid high mid low low front central back VowelCharts EnglishPureVowels bot b EnglishConsonants ConsonantClassification TheEnglishconsonantscanbeclassifiedaccordingtoplaceofarticulationmannerofarticulationvoicing i e voicedorvoiceless EnglishConsonants ReadingPractice Ishallhavetotryandgetsomecashfromourbankatlunchtime Thenwecanletthemhavethemoneythattheywantassoonastheylike Whataretheyaskingustopaythem ReadingPractice Ishallhavetotryandgetsomecashfromourbankatlunchtime Thenwecanletthemhavethemoneythattheywantassoonastheylike Whataretheyaskingustopaythem 15 41 PartIITheRhythmicStructureofEnglish RhythmandstressRhythmandthelengthofsoundsRhythmandsoundlinkingRhythmandassimilationRhythmandweakforms s French German Dutch Spanish BritishEnglish 20 30 40 50 60 70 VariabilityIndex Prototypicallanguages EnglishStress Rhythm Howdidyou manageto keepso calmsecs 33 33 33 33 33 33 5 5 1 0 secs 5 25 25 5 25 25 67 33 1 0 Readaloudthefollowingsentences Whoiscomingtothebirthdayparty 2 EnglandwasatwarwithAmerica Who scomingtothebirthdaypar ty Byanon nativespeakerofEnglish Who scomingtothebirthdaypar ty ByanativespeakerofEnglish wasatwarFig11 wasatwar inthesentence EnglandwasatwarwithAmerica Bynon nativespeakerofEnglish wasatwarFig12 wasatwar inthesentence EnglandwasatwarwithAmerica BynativespeakerofEnglish wasatwarFig wasatwar inthesentence EnglandwasatwarwithAmerica Bynon nativespeakerofEnglish wasatwarFig wasatwar inthesentence EnglandwasatwarwithAmerica BynativespeakerofEnglish Amptitude Amptitude I Rhythmandstress Sentencestresshastwomainfunctions 1 Toindicatetheimportantwordsinthesentence 2 Toserveasthebasisfortherhythmicalstructureofthesentence Ex 1Contentwordsareusuallystressedandfunctionwordsunstressed Icalledherathome butshewasatschool KeepherfrommovingsoIcantakeherpicture NothinghappenedtoTedduringthestorm Takeitorleaveit thechoiceisuptoyou Ex 2Contentwordsarenotalwaysstressed Hello I mJohn What syourname Myname sFrank I mSimonBrown scousin Wheredoyoulive NextdoortotheBrowns Wheredoyoulive Ex 3Thefollowingsentencescontainthesameamountofstressedsyllables Readthematasteady regularspeed Heaskedmetogivehimaticket Heshouldaskifwecouldgivehimaticket Ex 4Givesuitableanswerstothethreequestionsyouhear i No It sonthetwenty first ii I vegotaticket iii No Shesellsclothes iv No He sgotacold v Yes No We renotgoingtillThursdaynight Ex 5Respondtothetwodifferentthingsyouhear i He sgotanewcar ii I vegotsomeflowers iii I vebeentoParis iv ThenI llhavesomesoup v Hesaidhe dphone II Rhythmandthelengthofsounds 1 Vowelsarelongerwhenfinalorfollowedbyavoicedconsonantthanwhenfollowedbyavoicelessconsonant 2 Vowelsarelongerinstressedmonosyllablesthanwhenfollowedbyanunstressedsyllableorsyllables 3 Vowelsarelongerinstressedsyllablesthaninunstressedsyllables Table3 Lengthof i indifferentphoneticcontextsinaccentedmonosyllables III Rhythmandsoundlinking 1 Toblendorjointhefinalconsonantofonewordwiththeinitialwordofthefollowingword asin post office 2 Tolinkthefinalvowels and toafollowingvowelbyaddingthe r sound whichiscalledlinking r asin herown orintrusive r asin theidea of 3 Tomakesmoothtransitionswhenwordsareseparatedbymorethantwoconsonants i e treatthemasconsonantsequences asin next topic 4 Tomakesmoothtransitionswhentheprecedingwordendswithavowelandthefollowingwordbeginsalsowithavowelsoundbyaddingaslight j or w asin my arm howoften 5 Tochangethepronunciationofsomefinalandinitialconsonants asin Did you Ex 6Writedownthephrasesyouhear 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Key Ex 6Whatofit 2 It safterninealready 3 Comeonin 4 Theylookedasifthey reangry 5 Howmuchisit 6 Areyousureaboutallofit 7 She sonthephone 8 Ifit stime I llgo Ex 7Readthefollowingdialogues payingspecialattentiontothelinking 1 Can Ihelp you sir Yes I m in arushI m afraid Can Ihave apiece of applecakeplease with icecream Certainly sir I ll askthewaitertocome over assoon aspossible 2 Switch offthelight David It s almost eleven I mscared ofthedark Ithink Iheard anoise Look overthere Something onthewindowledge ismoving 3 How oftendo Ihavetodo it You oughttodo every exerciseonce aweek Do Ihavetodo every exercise Yes itshouldtake you abouttwo hours Though Idon tsuppose itwill 4 Actually I oughttopractisemoreregularly Isuppose Well don tworry about it I oftenforgetmyself Perhapswe oughttotry andgotogether 5 How is itgoing Edward Notbad at all It snot exactly abusyplacethough Where areyoustaying Just alittlepub onthe edge oftown Andwhat areyoudoing onyour own Not alot actually This eveningthere s amatch onTV so I llget asnack intown andwatch abit offootball afterwards IV RhythmandAssimilationandElision 1 2 3 4 5 6 Key Ex 1 Thatman 2 Ofcourse 3 We vephonedhim 4 Thatgoat 5 Goodmorning 6 Ican tgo Ex 8Fillintheblankswiththewordsyouhear 1 They re aren tthey 2 Ican tfindmine CanI 3 I it Doyou 4 Everyonecanseethatit 5 sooftenifyoucanmanagebyyourself 6 That sthe tostart 7 Thisishis 8 looksnice Key Ex 81 They re niceshoes aren tthey 2 Ican tfindmine CanI useyours 3 I Idon tbelieve it Doyou 4 Everyonecanseethatit itcan tbedone 5 Don tgo sooftenifyoucanmanagebyyourself 6 That sthe rightplace tostart 7 Thisishis owncar 8 Thatcup looksnice Ex 9Writedownthewordsyouhear Droppingofvowelsandconsonantswithinaword1 2 3 4 Droppingofsoundsatthewordboundaries1 2 3 4 Key Ex 9 robberynurserycorrectdirectionFebruarysuffering Gethimapen Getanother Notalone Takeheralong Hewasannoyed Robhim V Rhythmandweakforms Ex 10Writedownthephrasesorsentencesyouhear 1 2 3 4 5 6 Key Ex 10 1That sourown 2 Haveyoutriedthemall 3 It llgetinthewayofthedoor 4 It sfromoverseas 5 Foratleastoneortwo 6 Theonlyremarkthatwastothepoint 1 Givemeabooknow Justaminute 2 It sanorangethatI dlike Ithoughtyouweresaying anapple 3 Whatistheoldmandoing He stellingthechildrenstories 4 Somebody sgoingtotakeherhome Anythingwrongwithher 5 Ilikehisnovels Ilikehispoems 2 Dialogue2 wavAWeallknowthatwefaceproblems Weknowthatwefacedifficulties Weareallawarethatthedifficultiesthatwefacearenotdifficultiesthatwillbeovercomeimmediately orthatwillbeovercomeeasily Weallrecognizethattheproblemsthatconfrontusarenotproblemsthatwillbesolvedovernight ButIsometimeswonderifwerealise ifwerealisesufficientlythat BThatthatwastheclockstrikingtwo Frank Gotosleep ASorry dear Didn tknowitwassolate Mybigday tomorrow youknow Ah well Goodnight BIt salovelyspeech Frank Weallknowthatwefaceproblems Weknowthatwefacedifficulties Weareallawarethatthedifficultiesthatwefacearenotdifficultiesthatwillbeovercomeimmediately orthatwillbeovercomeeasily Weallrecognizethattheproblemsthatconfrontusarenotproblemsthatwillbesolvedovernight ButIsometimeswonderifwerealise ifwerealisesufficientlythat EnglishPronunciationforCommunicationLectureIIIIntonationinCommunication ReviewElementsofgoodEnglishpronunciationPhonemes Vowels 20Consonants 24Combinationofsounds cameraSoundlinking Wasallofiteaten Weakforms fishandchipsWordstress presentvspresentSentencestress What syourname Rhythmicpattern Comeandhavealook Intonation Ibegyourpardon Fig 10 wasatwar inthesentence EnglandwasatwarwithAmerica nativevsnon native Intonation Why A Itshowstherelationshipofwordswithinandbetweensentences B Ittellssomethingaboutthefeelingofthespeaker Hesoldhishouse boatandcar Hesoldhishouseboatandcar Question Howmanythingsdidhesell Theteachersaid Thatstudentislazy Theteacher saidthatstudent islazy Question Whowaslazy Thepresidentsaid Thatreporterislying Thepresident saidthatreporter islying Question Whowasspeaking Ibegyourpardon Ibegyourpardon Ibegyourpardon They regoingto havea picnic They regoingto havea picnic Thosewho sold quickly madeaprofit Aprofitwasmadebythosewhosoldquickly Thosewho sold quickly madeaprofit Aprofitwasquicklymadebythosewhosold I TypesofEnglishIntonation 1 Fallingtone2 Risingtone3 Fall risetone FallingtoneQuestionsandResponses Whatwouldyoulike I dlikeachicken saladsandwich Whatwillyouhave I llhaveahotdogandacoke Whereareyougoing Tothelab Whattimeisit It saquarterpastfour Where syourlabbook Ilostit Wheredidyouleaveit Idon tremember FallingtoneQuestionsandresponses Whatwouldyoulike I dlikeachicken salad sandwich Whatwillyou have I llhaveahotdoganda coke Whereareyou going Tothe lab What timeisit It saquarterpast four Where syour labbook I lostit Wheredidyou leaveit Idon tre member RisingtoneYes noquestionsandresponsesAreyoucominglater IfIcan MayIhelpyou Yes I llhaveahotdog Isitcoldoutside It sverycold ShallIwaitforyou No yougoahead Didhebringhismoney No heforgotit RisingtoneYes noquestionsandresponsesAreyoucominglater IfI can MayI helpyou Yes I llhavea hotdog Isitcold outside It s verycold ShallI waitforyou No yougoa head Didhebringhis money No hefor gotit Fall risetoneQuestions statementsandresponses DoyouknowGerman Icanreadit Everyoneknowsaboutit Well noteveryone Wegotthereaboutmidnight Ithinkitwasearliert