现在分词Grammar.ppt

ingform Grammarandusage Thislessonisboring Therearesleepingstudentsinclass 表语 定语 Functionsasanadjective V ing形式可以同形容词一样置于名词之前修饰名词 有时V ing形式也可用副词修饰 V ing形式亦可以同定语从句一样置于名词之后修饰名词 可以转化成定语从句 V ing形式可以用作表语或宾语的补语 4 ThemanwhoisrunninginthepictureisLiuXiang 2 ThemanrunninginthepictureisLiuXiang 1 arunningman 3 Themanrunningfastestgotthefirstplace Attribute 小结 V ing形式作定语可表示动作正在进行 如例1 2 或表示和所修饰词之间有逻辑主动关系 如例3 小结 单个V ing词作定语修饰名词一般置于名词之前 如例1 V ing词组修饰名词则置于名词之后 如例2 3 此时相当于一个定语从句 如例4 Rewritethefollowingsentenceswithattributiveclauses TheteacherteachingusEnglishisMsZhou TheteacherwhoisteachingusEnglishisMsZhou Thepeoplesittingbehindusareallteachers TheexpertcomingfromLishuiisaladycalledMsCai Thepeoplewhoaresittingbehindusareallteachers TheexpertwhocomesfromLishuiisaladycalledMsCai Translatethefollowingphrases areadingroom awashingmachine anexcitingevening aninterestingcrosstalk 阅览室 洗衣机 激动人心的夜晚 有趣的相声 asleepingcar asmokingroom listeningpractice anopeningspeech abookingoffice runningwater 卧铺车 吸烟室 听力练习 开幕词 售票处 自来水 Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom Inoticedalongqueueoutsidethebankwaitingforittoopen ObjectComplement Thebabywatchedhisdadshavinghisfacewithgreatinterest Wehavethefireburningallday V ing形式作宾语补足语置于宾语之后 表示一个正在进行的动作 如例1 2 3 或强调一个过程或一种状态 如例4 小结 V ing形式作宾语补足语时 往往同宾语存在逻辑主动关系 小结 V ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词 make let have keep leave see watch hear notice find feel等 小结 1 Sixtymillionpeople live inruralareasaremovingtothecitieseveryyear 2 Thebottle contain thepoisonwassenttothelaboratory Practice living containing Fillintheblankswiththeverbgiveninitsproperform 3 Theman sit ontheplatformisaprofessorfromWuhanUniversity 4 Thechildren play theviolinovertherewillgiveaperformancenextweek 5 Ourtripwas disappoint Wedidnotfindanyunusualplants sitting playing disappointing 6 Isawthem force thedooropenwithahammer 7 Weheardthem quarrel aboutmoneyaftertheconcert theylookedveryangry 8 Iheardhim drop lotsofcoinsintothecollectingtin forcing quarreling dropping 9 Youcanseethem perform everynightthisweekattheNewTheatre 10 Thenewswas shock Allthethreeboatshadsunkinthestorm performing shocking Functionasanadverb 常用于stand sit lie等动词之后表示伴随的状态 V ing词组可以在句中充当时间 原因 结果 条件等状语 1 作时间状语 ing短语作时间状语要置于句首 如 Hearingthebadnews theycouldn thelpcrying Whentheyheardthebadnews theycouldn thelpcrying 当听到这个不幸的消息时 他们情不自禁地哭了起来 Havingreceivedhisletter Idecidedtowriteback AfterIhadreceivedhisletter Idecidedtowriteback 收到他的信后 我决定给他回信 2 作原因状语 ing短语作原因状语置于句首 如 Beingsoangry hecouldn tgotosleep Becausehewassoangry hecouldn tgotosleep 因为太生气了 他不能入睡 HavingbeentotheGreatWallmanytimes hedidn tgolastweek Because As hehadbeentotheGreatWallmanytimes hedidn tgolastweek 因为他已经去过长城许多次 上周他就没去 3 作条件状语 ing作条件状语置于句首或句末 如 Workinghard youwillsucceed Ifyouworkhard youwillsucceed 如果你勤奋一点 你就会成功 Beinggivenmoreattention thetreescouldhavegrownbetter Iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattention thetreescouldhavegrownbetter 如果对这些树再多注意些 它们可能长得更好 4 作让步状语 ing短语作让步状语 可置于句首或句末 常与evenif though连用 如 Thoughworkingfrommorningtillnight hisfatherdidn tgetenoughfood Althoughhisfatherworkedfrommorningtillnight hedidn tgetenoughfood 虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活 但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的 5 作伴随状语置于句首或句末 如 Theycameintotheclassroom singingandlaughing Theysangandlaughed theycameintotheclassroom 他们又唱又笑地走进教室 Whenworkinginthefactory hewasanadvancedworker Whenheworkedinthefactory hewasanadvancedworker 注意 1 ing短语与when while though until if等连词连用时 相当于这些连引导的一个从句 如 Thoughwillingtoattendtheparty herefusedtheinvitation Thoughhewaswillingtoattendtheparty herefusedtheinvitation WhilestayinginBeijing hecametoseemetwice WhilehewasstayinginBeijing hecametoseemetwice Ifplayingallday youwillwasteyourvaluabletime Ifyouplayallday youwillwasteyourvaluabletime Thoughrainingheavily itclearedupverysoon Thoughitwasrainingheavily itclearedupverysoon 2 动词 ing形式在句中作状语时 其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致 如 Hetraveledontheplanelikethis keepingthetortoisehiddeninablanket Whenhetraveledontheplanelikethis hekeptthetortoisehiddeninablanket 小结 V ing有其完成式havingdone 表示分词动作发生于主句动作之前 表示时间状语时常同连词when whenever while once until等连用 分词作状语时 其逻辑主语同主句的主语一致且有逻辑主动关系 往往可转换为相应的状语从句 V ing形式的否定not要置于V ing之前 1 a Hearingthenews tearsrandownherface b Hearingthenews shecriedoutsadly 2 a Enteringtheclassroom Ifoundnobodyinit b Enteringtheclassroom nobodywasfoundinit Choosethecorrectsentence 3 a Lookingoutthroughthewindow thegardenwasbeautiful b Lookingoutthroughthewindow wesawabeautifulgarden 4 a Readingtheeveningnewspaper adogstartedbarking b Iwasreadingtheeveningnewspaperwhenadogstartedbarking 5 a Beingfine wewillhavethesportsmeetingnextweek b Itbeingfine wewillhavethesportsmeetingnextweek ing形式的否定式为在其前面加not 如 Hesatthere notknowingwhattosay 1 Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam thus thedelay A tocauseB causingC causedD cause2 OnebyonePetersoldhisbitsandpieces onlyamiteoftheirworth A gettingB gotC togetD get Exercise 3 Afterseeingthemovie A thebookwasreadbyhimB thebookmadehimwanttoreaditC hewantedtoreadthebookD thereadingofthebookinterestedhim 4 Thenextmorningshefoundthemaninbed dead A lyingB lieC layD laying5 Therewasterriblenoise thesuddenburstoflight A followedB followingC tobefollowedD beingfollowed 6 Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight alongspeechforthepresident A toprepareB preparingC preparedD waspreparing 7 Can tyouread Marysaid tothenotice A angrilypointingB andpointangrilyC angrilypointedD andangrilypointing 8 Heworkeddayandnight histaskaheadoftime A finishedB finishingC finishD tofinish9 Iwasinthebathroom not theknockatthedoor A hearB tohearC hearingD heard 10 areply hedecidedtowriteagain A NotreceivingB ReceivingnotC NothavingreceivedD Havingnotreceived 11 Whatworriedtheboymostwas tovisithisfatherinthehospital A hisnotallowingB hisnotbeingallowedC havingnotbeenallowedD hisbeingnotallowed 12 Theyapologizedfor toattendthemeeting A theirnotbeingableB theirbeingnotableC themnotableD thembeingablenot 高考链接1 Weallfoundhisargumentconvincingandinteresting P28 考点 V ing形式作宾语补足语 考例 Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound inthekitchen NMET2003 smokeB smokingC tosmokeD smoked 点拨 选B he和smoke是逻辑上的主谓关系 所以用V ing形式 该句中的 heisfound 是被动语态 还原成主动语态应该是 findhimsmoking 2 Wearemakingbiggerholesinthenets hopingtoavoidcatchingfishthatarenotfullygrown P30 考点 V ing形式作原因状语 相当于一个由because引导的原因状语从句 考例 Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys footballsorbasketballs thatallchildrenlikethesethings 2006全国卷III A thinkingB thinkC tothinkD thought 点拨 选A we与think之间是逻辑上的主谓关系 句子相当于 Weoftenprovideourchildrenwi