一个基于XML和Web Service的旅游资源整合机制.doc

本科毕业论文外文翻译外文题目：A Tourism Resources Integration Mechanism based on XML and WebService 出 处： Computer Science, 2009, Volume 5820, Active Media Technology, Pages 454-466 作 者： Taohu, Wei Caihu, and Lin Fengdong A Tourism Resources Integration Mechanism based on XML and Web ServiceAbstract. To tackle problems such as isolated data islands in tourism as so much assorted data should be processed, it is constructed a platform that can share data and information of tourism resources. XML and Web Services are getting more and more attentions in many fields such as enterprise, e-government and so on as their great expressive ability in data and services. In this paper, the integrated tourism data processing platform based on XML and Web Services is described. Compared with others, it is efficient as semi-structured data description is convenient and simple for data processing, sharing and exchanging. Then, a case study is described to illustrate how the integration mechanism can be applied in practice. At last, some open issues and future work are discussed.Introduction Tourism is a mushroom industry today, but how to use tourism resources reasonably and efficiently to develop tourism industry in a more profitable way; and increase the ratio of tourism resources usage are the key problems confront us. The degree of using information technology in many enterprises is not high, and some one are only portal web site of their company, lacking of basic business service such as transaction processing system, management information system, not to mention decision support system. One reason is that the information platform is designed on independent planning and isolated implementation mode, there existing much differences in data format, data storage and system platform between so many departments, and it may be very difficult to implement data sharing and exchanging with each other for so much assorted legacy systems with peoples not inclination to change them.With this situation, it is very important to develop an open application platform for data exchanging and collaborative application across several business domains. This schema is not an application infrastructure which is only used for present data integration and sharing, and it is an integration standards and solutions for data exchanging which are compatible for all relative tourism organizations. Any application, if its application schema is based on the normalizations, which have been designed for all entities such as enterprise, government or travel agency, it may need only some degree of alternation of existing application for applying into the whole collaborative system, which could share information and exchange data resources.Web Service that is based on SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) represents the future application direction of distributed computing technology. Combined with XML, Web service consists of so many distinguishing features such as operating system independent, high efficiency and convenience in use, and the ability of communications across platform and firewall. Under this computing environment, all resources published in standard description language are distributed, and it is a real collaborative platform with the advantages of platform independent. And this paper is under the research about collaborative environment based on XML and Web Service.The outline of tourism resources integration could be drawn as following: the infrastructure of collaborative work based on Web Service technology is presented first; then the ontology of tourism information resources based on main techniques and standards such as SOAP, XML, UDDI, WSDL and WSLF is described ; on the basis of these, tourism information resources are integrated, and the standards of various tourism resources are given. At last, it will be realized the goal of unified standards, united construction, information complementation and data shares. On the research of Web Service and workflow, they are integrated into applications in tourism seamlessly. As the undividable part of web service infrastructure, XML is integrated into the web service collaborative workflow and supplying information service for the whole collaborative platform. Therefore, it completes the data sharing and information exchange of tourism information resources; accelerates the development of information intelligent island, and realizes the agility, standardization and normalization of information service. Background There is a need for tourism resources web services based on xml when applying search about a travel scenario to get the tourism information such as air, spot, hotel etc and save it to local database for private use. In fact, it is not easy to complete this task as all the information given about the research may be described in some different way, and it is not convenient to process for local use. For example, if search hotel, jiu zhaigou, phone, the information found may be expressed in some different way and format. Some provides the zone code such as 0837-7734xxx, and some other may not provide it as 7734xxx. On the other way, this information is described in web page as a text format that is not structured and not convenient for local use such as saving and processing. In addition to this, the same data may be drawn in several methods. For example, phone may be given as phone or telephone and this will bring misuse and promiscuous. If all hotels present their information in standard way, e.g. phone use telephone to present the number by a web service and all the information is shown in a structure way such as XML, it will be simple and easy for using and processing.Lara mentions web services oriented specifications such as DAML-S, OWL-S and industry web services standards such as WSFL, BPEL4WS, and BPML . Singh discusses the workflow composition of services as a community of services providing using shared information in a convenient way. Paper gives UDDI registry that can be used in Hotel Reservation registering their offerings as web services. It is investigated that integrating web service using the basic workflow patterns as defined by van der Aalst . On-line businesses are beginning to adopt a developmental paradigm where high-level component-based services and semantic web services are becoming sufficiently modular and autonomous to be capable of fulfilling the requirements of other businesses. In papers, it is described that Input/Output Messages of multiple services should be transformed into independent ontology, and then consensus ontology is used to help integrate these messages. This consensus ontology is decomposed into the Value Names. Thus services incorporate the integrated knowledge that may be used by other entity. Zeng conducts research that uses Unified Modeling Language (UML) state charts and agent-oriented methods for declarative peer-to-peer service composition that is useful for web services to be integrated into a composite one providing a unified service. Later in this paper we will show how can integrate heterogeneous legacy system into a standard one in data format and to be easy for information communication and exchange. Tourism information resources integration based on XML and Web ServiceAs the key technology for multi-point data exchange based on Internet, XML is very suitable to interchange business data across many sorts of enterprises/applications. Some companies such as IBM, Microsoft, and Develop Mentor etc collaboratively constituted Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) specifications. SOAP is based on XML and maintains the openness and extensibility of description. It used application protocols based TCP/IP such as HTTP, SMTP, IMAP4 and POPS etc, and be compatible with present communication infrastructure.As Web protocols are standard, the language to be used for program and the platform the web service is running on are not important. Using HTTP protocols to communicate applications can across firewall without affecting it in low degree. It also provides the interactive communications with other services over network. XML is discovered to be excellent and much suitable for B2B applications. B2B e-commerce depends on frequent exchanging of business information between many enterprises, and it flows smoothly between various enterprise applications. And completely developed B2B e-information flow can reduce greatly the degree of human working. In addition to this, it can improve the efficiency of transactions and obtains more business opportunities for enterprises. Data exchange center is fully based on Web Service and. SOAP as the basis of secure communication, XML as the technology of data exchange across platforms, .net as the technology of application realization across platforms, and set up the data share standards for each level of tourism applications. Example scenarioWe develop an application system .Customers visit the hotel web service page and send their request. The request is formatted in xml standard document and schema. Before sending to the back ground web application 1 for performing the request, it can be prompted to customer in XSLT for confirming his or her request. Then the web application 1 will do xml-mapping translating request xml document in standard xml schema to request xml document in local xml schema; performing the customers request - querying the providers database to get the response document expressed in local response xml schema; and do second xml-mapping translating response xml document in local xml schema to response xml document in standard xml schema. The web application 1 (Containing web service application) will send response xml document to the customer and displayed by XSLT. The customer can do xml-mapping translating response xml document in standard xml schema to response xml document in his/her local xml schema, and saves it to customers database for future use.ConclusionsAs tourism is developing in mushroom way, it grows up accompanying multi-assorted data such as air, hotel, taxi, and so on. In order to use these information resources, an integration platform based on xml and web service is constructed with the aid of MS Visual Studio .net. Compared with others, it realizes information sharing and exchanging, and be convenient to be used. At the future research, we focus on the integration mode with the adaptive workflow to cooperate with all relative tourism organizations such as hotel, air, and scene spot for data sharing and information exchanging. In addition to these, it may be another valuable research direction tourism information change management.译 文：一个基于XML和Web Service的旅游资源整合机制摘要：为了对付这些孤立的数据，旅游业作为这么多的各类数据应处理群岛的问题，它是构建了一个平台，可以共享数据和旅游资源的信息。 XML和Web服务等在许多领域越来越多的关注越来越大的数据作为他们的表达能力和服务，如企业，电子政府。在这个文件中，旅游综合数据处理平台，基于XML和Web服务的描述。与其他人相比，它是有效的为半结构化数据描述方便，简单的数据处理，共享和交换。然后，对案例进行了介绍，阐述了如何在实践中应用整合机制。最后，讨论一些悬而未决的问题和今后的工作。一、 简介今天旅游业是一个涵盖面很广的产业，但如何合理利用旅游资源和有效地发展更有利可图的双向旅游产业，加大旅游资源的利用率，是我们面临的关键问题。许多企业的信息化程度使用不高，听到有人只是他们的公司门户网站，如事务处理系统，管理信息系统缺乏基本的业务服务，没有涉及反馈系统。原因之一是信息平台规划，设计了独立的和孤立的推行模式，但现有的数据格式，数据存储和系统平台之间这么多的部门间太多的差异，它很难实现数据在这么多与人之间相互共享和相互交流，并且人们还意愿去改变各自有偏颇的想法。在这种情况下，进行数据开放式的交换是非常重要的，并在多个业务领域协同应用开放的应用平台。这种模式不是应用程序基础设施仅用于目前的数据集成和共享使用，它是一个集成的标准和数据交换，这是个对所有相关旅游组织兼容的解决方案。任何应用程序，如果它的应用模式是基于归一，已如企业，政府部门或旅行社的所有实体设计的基础上，它可能只需要为进入整个协同系统应用一些现有的应用交替的程度，这可以共享信息和交换数据资源。Web服务是基于代表了分布式计算技术的未来应用方向的SOAP（简单对象访问协议）。与XML相结合，如Web服务由独立于操作系统，效率高，使用方便，以及跨平台的通信能力和防火墙这么多的特色。根据这一计算环境，在标准的描述语言出版的所有资源分配，它是一个真正具有独立于平台的优势合作平台。并在此基础上根据有关XML和Web服务的协同环境研究。旅游资源的整合轮廓依稀可得出以下：首先，基础设施的协同工作基于Web Service技术，然后描述在旅游信息资源的本体论基础上的主要技术和如SOAP，XML和UDDI中，WSDL和WSLF标准;在此基础上，旅游信息资源的整合，以及各种旅游资源的标准定。最后，实现了统一标准，统一建设，信息互补和数据共享的目标。基于Web服务和工作流程的研究，他们是在旅游业的应用集成是相当缜密的。随着网页服务成为基础设施不可分割的一部分，XML是Web服务集成到工作流程和协作提供了整体协作平台的信息服务。因此，它完成旅游信息资源数据共享和信息交换，加快了信息智能岛的发展，并实现了灵活性，标准化和信息服务的正常化。二、背景有一个旅游资源的XML Web服务需要在申请旅行方案来获得，如空气，地点，酒店等旅游信息，并将其保存为自用的以搜索为基础本地数据库。事实上，这是不容易完成，因为所有有关的信息描述方式会不同，而且不方便供本地使用。例如，如果搜索“酒店“，”九寨沟“，“电话”，这些信息可能会发现一些不同的表达方式和格式。有些规定，如“0837-7734xxx”的区域代码，以及其他一些可能不能提供“7734xxx”。在其他方式，这些描述Web页面信息的文本格式不规整，供本地使用不方便，如保存和处理。除了这个，同样的数据可以得出几种方法。例如，手机可能被指定为“phone“或“telephone”，这将带来滥用和混乱。如果所有酒店提出信息的方式是标准的，例如：使用手机电话本由Web服务的数量和所有信息都在如XML结构方式显示，这将是简便，易于使用和处理。 劳拉提到的网络服务标准如DAML- S，OWL - S和行业的网络服务，网络规定如WSFL、BPEL4WS和BPML。辛格为社区提供了使用简单方便的共享信息服务的工作流程。给出的UDDI注册中心，可在登记成为网上酒店预订服务，使