AMC美国数学单词.docx

number n.数，数字natural number 自然数prime number 质数composite number 合数positive number 正数mean 平均数odd adj.奇数even n.偶数even integer, even number 偶数integer（whole number) n.整数value 值minimum 最小值maximum n.最大的，最大值minimum n.最小的，最小值least possible value 最小可能值divisor n.约数，除数least common multiple 最小公倍数positive integer 正整数fraction n.分数proper fraction 真分数vulgar fraction 普通分数denominator 分母least common denominator 最小公分母numerator 分子mixed number 带分数remainder 余数simple(common)fraction 简分数decimal n.小数circulating decimal 循环小数decimal point 小数点decimal faction 纯小数mixed decimal 混合小数percentage 百分比proportion 比例quarter 四分之一more than 大于less than 小于not more than 不大于digit n.数字，阿拉伯数字units digit 个位数字tens digit 十位数字units 个位tens 十位tenths 十分位sum n.和，总数subtract 减minus(take away) 减，负，负数subtrahend 减数minuend 被减数multiply（times) 乘multiplicand 被乘数multiplication 乘法multiple 乘数difference 差subtract 减subtrahend 被减数divide 除equal 相等，等于divided evenly 被整除dividend 被整除，红利average n.平均数power 乘方quotient 商product 积round off(round to) 四舍五入equation n.方程satisfy v.满足increase n.增加reduce v.减少line segment 线段length 长parallel lines 平行线regular triangle 正三角形isosceles triangle 等腰三角形parallelogram n.平行四边形trapezia n.梯形rhombus 菱形cube n.正方体，立方体，立方cuboid adj.长方体column n.圆柱taper n.圆锥measure n.尺寸，v.度量semicircle 半圆radius n.半径diameter n.直径surface area 表面积polygon 多边形convex polygon 凸多边形regular polygon 正多边形right-angle 直角right-triangle 直角三角形acute-angle 锐角obtuse angle 钝角side 边长perimeter n.周长circumference 周长，圆周width 宽area n.面积volume 体积apiece 每人arithmetic progression(sequence) 等差数列altitude 高bisect 平分divisor 因子factor 因子prime factor 质因子common factor 公因子common multiple 公倍数common divisor 公因数common fraction 普通分数complex fraction 繁分数consecutive number 连续整数consecutive even integer 连续偶数consecutive odd integer 连续奇数direct proportion 正比inverse proportion 反比distinct 不同的factorial 阶乘inverse 倒数reciprocal倒数progression 数列the extremes of a proportion 比例外项the means of a proportion 比例内medmedian 中位数，中值mode 众数，一组数据中出现最多的数arranged 安排的统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weighted average方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation，standard deviation比例proportion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile排列permutation组合combination概率，或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normal distribution非正态分布abnormal distribution图表graph条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken line graph曲线统计图curve diagram扇形统计图pie diagram空间space坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis，y-axis，z-axis横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant反正弦arcsine反余弦arccosine反正切arctangent反余切arccotangent反正割arcsecant反余割arccosecant相位phase周期period振幅amplitude内心incentre（BrE）外心excentre（BrE）旁心escentre（BrE）垂心orthocentre（BrE）重心barycentre（BrE）内切圆inscribedcircle外切圆circumcircle四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron平行六面体parallelepiped立方体cube七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron十一面体hendecahedron十二面体dodecahedron二十面体icosahedron多面体polyhedron棱锥pyramid棱柱prism棱台frustumofaprism旋转rotation轴axis圆锥cone圆柱cylinder圆台frustumofacone球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surface area体积volume圆circle圆心centre（BrE），center（AmE）半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference周长perimeter面积area轨迹locus，loca（pl.）相似similar全等congruent三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagorean theorem钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle等腰三角形isosceles triangle等边三角形equilateral triangle四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle长length宽width菱形rhomb，rhombus，rhombi（pl.），diamond正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形right trapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid正多边形equilateral polygon几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acute angle直角right angle钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle周角perigon底base边side高height集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain，field of definition值域range常量constant变量variable单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列，级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite（a.）infinity（n.）无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral有理数rational number无理数irrational number实数real number虚数imaginary number复数complex number矩阵matrix行列式determinant未知数unknown，x-factor，y-factor，z-factor等式，方程式equation一次方程simple equation二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数，幂exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cuben次方the power of n，the nth power开方evolution，extraction二次方根，平方根square root三次方根，立方根cube rootn次方根the root of n，the nth root整数integer小数decimal小数点decimal point分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null，zero，nil十进制decimal system二进制binary system十六进制hexadecimal system权weight，significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入round down上舍入roundup有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit代数algebra公式formula，formulae（pl.）单项式monomial多项式polynomial，multinomial系数coefficient数学mathematics，maths（BrE），math（AmE）被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals，is equal to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator数字digit数number自然数natural number公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis，hypotheses（pl.）命题proposition算术arithmetic