专升本辅导5 被动语态.doc

专升本辅导5 被动语态形式：1. 动作的实施者很明显1）The rubbish hasnt been collected.2) Your hand will be X-rayed.2. 不知道是谁或没必要提及1）The president has been murdered.2) My car has been moved!3. 当动作的实施者泛指人们时1) He is believed to be honest.2) He was supported of receiving stolen goods.Acknowledge, assume, believe, claim, consider, estimate, feel, find, know, presume, reported, say, think 4. 主动句的主语是不定代词one, you, they时1）One/You see this kind of advertisement everywhere. - This kind of advertisement is seen everywhere.2) They are building a new public library in our town.- A new public library is being built in our town.5. 不及物动词没有被动语态6. have/get sth. done1) 安排别人把事情做好a) Clint had the roof repaired yesterday.b) I must get my hair cut.c) If you dont get out of my house, Ill have you arrested.2) 谈论发生在自己身上的事a) I got my car stolen last year.b) Joe had his leg broken in a fight.7. 静态被动形式a) The window was broken last night.b) Bow the window is broken.被动语态练习I. 将下列句子变成被动语态1. Mr. Clint teaches our grammar.2. Mr. Clint will teach our grammar.3. Mr. Clint is teaching our grammar.4. Mr. Clint taught our grammar.5. Mr. Clint has taught our grammar for 2 years.6. He wrote the book.7. He will invite you to the party.8. John is writing the report.9. The teacher is going to explain the lesson.10. Bob mailed the package.11. The children have eaten the cake.12. I didnt write that note. Jim wrote it.13. Mr. Smith hasnt written those letters. Has Mr. Williams written them?14. Is Mr. Brown painting your house?15. His tricks wont fool me.16. Someone was cleaning the room when I arrived.II. 如有可能， 将下列句子变成被动语态，有必要时加上by短语17. People grow corn in many countries.18. Peter came here two months ago.19. Someone made this antique table in 1900.20. Great changes have taken place in Beijing these years.21. An accident happened last night.22. Someone stole my purse.23. The Chinese invented paper, the main writing material today.24. Someone was making the coffee when I walked into the kitchen.25. Translators have translated that book into many languages.26. Is Mr. Clint teaching our grammar this semester?27. When did someone invent the telephone?28. When is someone going to announce the results of the contest?29. You can see this sort of advertisement everywhere.30. If you expose a film to light while you are developing it, you will ruin the negatives.31. They teach English in every school in that country.32. They are going to build the new hospital next year. They have already built the new elementary school.III. 间接宾语用作被动语态的主语33. They will send you a bill at the end of the month.34. A local advertising company has offered Maria a good job.35. Some company paid Fred three hundred dollars in consulting fees.36. Peking University has awarded John a scholarship.37. A clerk handed Ann a menu at the restaurant.IV. get 与被动语态连用38. There was an accident, but nobody _. (hurt)39. We didnt have a map, so we _. (lose)40. We can leave as soon as you _. (dress)41. When _ you _? (marry)42. How long did it take you to _ to living here? (accustom)43. Sam was supposed to be home an hour ago, but he still isnt here. I _(worry).44. Just try to take it easy. Dont _. (upset)45. I _ because everybody gave me different advice. (confuse)46. _ you _to the party? (invite)47. I _, so I didnt stay for the end of the movie. (bore)48. I _ on Fridays. Ill give you the money I owe you next Friday, Okay? (pay)49. First, they _. (engage) Then, they _ .(marry) Later, they _. (divorce) Finally, they _. (remarry) Today they are very happy. V. have sth. done50. Why did you take your car to the garage? I _ (repair).51. Why did you take your jacket to the cleaners? I _ (clean).52. I cant cut my hair myself. I need to _ (cut).53. The coat is dirty. I must _ (it/clean)54. They didnt paint the house themselves. They _ (paint).55. Did you make the curtains yourself? No, I _ (make).56. I lost my key. Ill have to _ (another key/make).57. When was the last time you _ (your hair/cut)?58. _ (you/a newspaper/deliver) to your house or do you go to the shop to buy one?59. A: What are those workmen doing in your garden? B: Oh, we _ (a swimming pool/build).60. A: Where are you going, Joe? B: I am going to _ (the film/develop).情态动词 Shall 的用法1）shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人的许诺a) You shall have the money back next week. + I promise you will have-b) If he passes the examination he shall have a bicycle. =promise2) shall 用于第二人称的陈述句，还表示说话人强烈的意愿，甚至威胁You shall pay for this !3) 用于第一、三人称的一般疑问句中表示“建议”a) Shall I buy you a gift?b) Shall I open the window?Would/used to-过去重复的动作Used to 可以表示在过去定期重复的动作，也可指过去存在的状态。Would 只表过去重复的动作。a) When I was a boy, I would/used to go swimming in a river near my house.b) I used to have a cat.对过去推测的肯定句：must/can /may/could/might +完成时a) He was sick.b) He must have been sick.c) He may have been sick.d) He could have been sick.e) He might have been sick.对过去推测的否定句a) He wasnt sick.b) He couldnt have been sick.c) He cant have been sick.d) He may not have been sick.e) He might not have been sick.Should/ought to have done 表示过去应该做而实际上并没有做的动作，-批评a) You should have phoned me last night.b) You could have told me you were getting married.c) I could have lent you the money. Why didnt you ask me?Neednt have done 表示本来“无需做-， 不必做-” 但实际上做了a) The restaurant was nearly empty. We neednt have booked a table. 练习I. 用动词的适当形式填空，以表示推测语气，注意肯定程度的不同。1. It rained every day during their holiday, so they _ (not/have) a very nice time.2. The restaurant _ (be) very good. Its always full of people.3. The phone rang but I didnt hear it. I _ (be) asleep.4. There _ (be) a bad accident here. Look at all the broken glass.5. Jane walked past me without speaking. She _ (not/see) me.6. Joe isnt at work today. He _ (be) ill.7. Joe wasnt at work last week. He _ (be) ill.8. When I woke up this morning, the light was on. I _ (forget) to turn it off.9. The lights were red but the car didnt stop. The driver _(not/see) the red light.10. She knew everything about our plans. She _(listen ) to our conversation.11. I cant find my umbrella. I _ (leave) it in the restaurant last night.12. I left my bike outside the house last night and this morning it wasnt there any more. Somebody _(take) it.13. A: He says he saw you at the theater yesterday. B: He _ (not see) me. I wasnt there.14. A: He has been working the whole morning. B: He _ (be) very tired.15. A: Did you hear me come in last night? B: No, I _ (be) asleep.II. 选择1. Several cases have been reported recently of people who _ read and detect colors with their fingers. A. should B. can C. will D. could2. No one except his secretary _ go straight into his office without permission. A. can B. is able to C. will D. is not allowed to3. She was absent for the first time yesterday. She _ sick. A. must be B. has been C. is D. must have been4. He did very badly on the exam. He _ harder. A. must study B. must have studied C. should study D. should have studied5. He _ ten le