口译 文档.doc

本次口译练习的主题是北京天坛旅游，分为八个场景，每位同学将分别扮演一次导游，口译员，及外国游客的角色。组长：熊方余组员：杜君，唐婧，李静，饶彩斌，杨柳，赵静，张微下表是每个场景的角色安排导游口译员外国游客第一场景杨柳唐婧张微第二场景杜君饶彩斌熊方余第三场景赵静李静杨柳第四场景张微杜君饶彩斌第五场景唐婧熊方余赵静第六场景李静杨柳杜君第七场景饶彩斌赵静唐婧第八场景熊方余张微李静场景一：Inside the South Gate of the Temple of Heaven（天坛）导游：女士们，先生们。欢迎来到天坛。首先对你们的到来表示诚挚的欢迎。我的名字叫杨柳，来自蓝天旅行社。我会尽我最大努力让你们有一个快乐的旅行。如果你们有任何需要或问题，请让我知道。译员：Ladies and Gentlemen: Welcome to the temple of Heaven. First, I want to express my excitement and my heartfelt welcome to all of you. My name is Yang Liu from Lan Tan Travel Corporation. I will do everything possible to make your visit a pleasant experience. If you have any problems or requests, Please do not hesitate to let me know。游客：Thank you very much，our dear guide。What kind of visitors come here？译员：亲爱的导游，非常谢谢你。什么样的人会来这儿呀？导游：基本上有两种人会来这：早晚来这锻炼的退休人员及国内外的游客。总的来说，一年天坛有1200万的游客。现在我们将踏上去祭坛的路。这大概要花费一个小时。顺便提醒下你们，当年皇帝也是沿着这条路去祭天。译员：There are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad. All in all, there are 12 million visitors very year. Now we are going to go along the route that leads to the Altar（祭坛）. It will take roughly one hour. Mind you, the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the God of Heaven.场景二：Along the Southern Sacred Road leading to the Circular Mound Altar（圜丘坛）导游：现在我们经南圣道去往圜丘坛。天坛建于1420年-明朝永乐帝统治年间，位于城市南部，占地273公顷。为了更好地象征天与地，天坛北部被建成圆形而南部则为方形。在明清时期，天坛是专供君王祭祀的场所，据称，继承的统治者们必须在都朝修建祭坛来酬谢上天，并为丰收祈福。译员：Now we are on the Southern Sacred Road leading to the Circular Mound Altar。The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of Emperor Yongle（永乐） of the Ming Dynasty. Situated in the southern part of the city, this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares. To better symbolize heaven and earth, the northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square. The Temple of Heaven served as an exclusive altar for Chinese monarchs during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was decreed that rulers of successive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest. 游客：Why the ancient Chinese people worshiped Heaven？译员：为什么古代的中国人崇拜天呢？导游：因为中国古人相信上天是宇宙的最高统治者和人类命运的主宰者，因而产生了向上天酬谢的仪式。古人指的上天实际是宇宙或者说自然。那时，有专门的祭祀场所，而只有在明清时期举行特别庆典时才会在这祭祀。译员：Because the ancient Chinese believed that Heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind, and thus worshiping rites dedicated to Heaven came into being. The Heaven the ancient Chinese referred to was actually the Universe, or nature. In those days, there were specific rites of worship. This was especially true during the Ming and Qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held.场景三：the Southern Lattice Star Gate in front of the Circular Mound Altar（圜丘坛）。 导游：现在我们面前的是圜丘坛。圜丘坛被两面墙环绕，每面墙包括4个城门，每个城门由3张门组成，总共是24张大理石门。站在走廊上面朝北，你会发现左边的门比右边的门窄。宽的门为君主保留，而窄的门由朝臣使用，这反映了封建等级制度。译员：Now we are standing in front of the Circular Mound Altar。The Circular Mound Altar is enclosed by two walls, each containing four groups of Southern Lattice Star Gate, each in turn consisting of three doors, with 24 marble doors altogether. Standing on the passage facing north, you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other. This reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs, while the narrower one was used by courtiers.游客：I am curious about what the emperor did on the day of the ceremony here。译员：我很好奇庆典时皇帝在此干什么。导游：在庆典当天，皇帝将穿上龙袍，由掌管宗教事物的官员引导，登上最前面的拜天台，献上祭祀品。译员：On the day of the ceremony, the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs. He ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the altar.场景四: At the top of the Circular Mound Altar导游：现在我们所在的地方就是圣坛的顶层平台，也就是第三层。每层平台都有9级台阶。在这个平台的中间呢，有一个环形的九级台阶。走上台阶，可以看到一块由九个同心石圈包围着的圆石，第一圈的石头有九颗，第二圈18颗，以此类推，第九圈就有81颗。而且，这些平台上的雕花栏杆的数量也都是9的倍数。译员：We are now on the top terrace of the Altar, or the third terrace. Each terrace has a flight of 9 steps. At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps. At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone. The number of stones in the first ring is 9, in the second, 18, up to 81 in the 9th ring. Even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiple of 9.游客：It seems that the ancient Chinese like the number 9。译员：看上去，古代的中国人很喜欢数字9呀。导游：根据中国古代的哲学，阴阳是相对的。天和奇数属于阳，地和偶数归于阴。而9是人们所能接近的最大的天数。还有一个原因就是中国古代的人民认为天有9层，而天帝住在最高的一层。译员：According to ancient Chinese philosophy, yin and yang were two opposing factors. Heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the Earth and even numbers belonged to yin. Nine was the largest heavenly number accessible to man. What is more, the ancient people also believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperors abode was on the uppermost tier.场景五：In the courtyard of Heavens Storehouse（皇穹宇）， On the marble terrace of the main hall。导游：这里是天坛供放皇家牌位的地方，是皇穹宇的主要结构。它构建于1530年，高17米，直径为19米。这个结构主要是以顶部为镀金的球的蓝顶和雕花的木门和木窗为特色的，并且点缀着色彩鲜艳的绘画。现在，就让我们从东侧的石梯进去主厅吧。译员：This is the Imperial Vault of Heaven, the main structure of Heavens Storehouse. It was built in 1530 and is 17 meters in height and 19 meters in diameter. The structure feature blue roofs topped by a gilded ball, and carved wooden doors and windows. It is decorated with colored paintings. Now let us enter the main hall by going up the stone staircase on the eastern side.进去了the marble terrace of the main hall。游客：How spectacular the hall is！译员：真壮观！导游：是的。主厅的弧形弯拱是由两个圆圈里16根柱子支撑的，在柱子的顶端有很多镀金的支架在天花板前支撑着一个环形的沉箱。天花板则是被设计为金色盘龙图案而内圈里的8根柱子也被漆成了鲜红色，点缀着金色莲花饰案。译员：It is true。The arch of the hall is buttressed by 16 giant pillars on two rings. On top of the pillars there are gilt brackets supporting a circular caisson, or covered ceiling. The ceiling is characterized by a golden coiling dragon design. The 8 pillar of the inner ring are painted scarlet and decorated with golden lotuses. 场景六：Echo Wall（回音壁） and Triple sound Stones（三音石）导游：参观过皇穹顶后，接下来我们去感受一下回音壁和三音石的奇妙。这里就是回音壁。即使两个人相距四五十米，一方接近这边墙壁的任何一个地方悄声说话另一方在对面墙的那边也会听得很清楚。这种效果主要因为墙壁是由光滑质密的砖块对缝砌成。译员：After visiting the main hall of Heavens Storehouse，we are gonging to experience the miracle of Echo Wall and Triple sound Stones。This is Echo Wall。A mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side, although the parties may be 40 or 50 meters apart. This is possible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth, solid bricks.游客：Is that Triple sound Stones？译员：那是三音石吗？导游：是的。如果你站在第一块石头上大叫一声或者拍拍手，会听到一次回音；站在第二块石头上拍手会听到两声回音，在第三块石头上时，就会有三声回音，所以三音石就因此得名。译员：Yes，it is。If you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands, the sound will echo once; on the second stone, the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone, the sound will repeat three times. Hence the name。 场景七：On the Red Stairway Bridge（丹陛桥）导游：亲爱的游客朋友，我们现在所在的地方叫丹陛桥。丹陛桥直通祈年殿，桥面高出地面，长约360米，皇帝也是从这里去祈年殿。丹陛桥呈南北走向，连接天坛两大建筑群，构成天坛建筑的主轴线，它主要分为左、中、右三条通道。译员：Dear tourists，the bridge we set foot in is called the Red Stairway Bridge leading to the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest。It is a raised passage 360 meters long, which the emperor also took to proceed to the hall. This broad north-south walkway, called Danbiqiao (Red Stairway Bridge), connects the two sets of main building in the Temple of Heaven and constitutes a single axis. The passage is divided into left, control and right paths.游客：What are the function of these different paths?译员：这几条不同路线的作用是什么？导游：中间的这条最宽被称为“神路”，供天帝专用，任何人包括皇帝都不允许踏入半步，东侧的道路供皇帝行走，称为“御路”。王公大臣只允许走西侧的通道。有趣的是，丹陛桥没有为普通百姓设置通道，这是因为天坛是不对他们开放的。译员：The central and the widest path is known as Heavenly Thoroughfare, which was reserved exclusively for God; nobody, including the emperor, was allowed to set foot onto it. The emperor used the path on the east, which is known as the Imperial Walk. The ministers and princes used the one on the west. Interesting enough, there is no walkway left for ordinary people. This is because the Temple of Heaven used to be off-limits to them.场景八：At the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest（祈年殿）导游:现在我们来到了祈年殿。它靠28根结实的木柱及大量的木棒，木板，榫支撑。中央的四根木柱叫做龙柱，有19.2米高，其上刻有复杂精美的图案。这四根云柱代表了一年的四季。中央的龙柱外有两圈鲜红的云柱，每圈十二根。里面的这圈代表一年的十二月份。外面的这圈代表了一天中的十二时辰。这二十八根柱子代表天上的28星宿，因为古代的中国人认为天是由28星宿构成的。译员：Now we arrive at the Gate of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest。The entire structure is supported by 28 massive wooden pillars and number of bars, laths, joints and rafters. The four central pillars, called the dragon-Well Pillars, are 19.2 meters high and