初中英语语法总结一览表.doc

初中英语语法总结一览表初中英语语法总结一览表语法项目构 成用 法象 征 词规则变化不规则变化例 句一般现在时动词用原形三人称单数-s / es表示经常性的动作或状态Every often always on 天 in月、季、节、年。一般-s es 辅音y-ieshave-hasHe goes to school every day.I often have lunch at home.一般过去时动词用过去时Bewas/ were表过去某个、段时间内动作及状态ago/just now /In1998 last/yesterday 等一般/去e 双写/辅y结尾iedgo-went come-camedo-did leave-left等He wrote a letter yesterday.I studied hard last year.一般将来时be going toV原will / shall + V原在将来某个时间或某段时要做的事tomorrow / afternext / tonight in 2010Go come leave stayfly等用进行表将来Are you going to read ?He is coming tomorrow .现在进行时bedoing 表此时此刻正进行的动作或状态listenlooknowall the timeDont一般去e 双写+ingtiedielie 变ie为y加ing Tom is writing now .They are lying on the bed .现在完成时现在完成进行have / has +PPhave/has been+doing发生在过去影响在现在的动作或状态等含糊的频率副词alreadyjustnever ever 分词规则的同过去式是一样的不规则的动词的过去分词需逐个记忆I have been teaching for 8 years. He has slept for two days. .过去进行时was / were +doing多用于复合句中表在过去某时间正在进行的动作at this time yesterdaylast Sunday evening一般去e 双写+ingtiedielie 变ie为y加ingHe was reading at that time last Friday过去完成时had+动过去分词多用于复合句中该动作发生在过去的过去by the time过去时whenafterbefore规则的分词构成与过去时一样的需要逐个记忆详见不规则动词表We had learnt 2000 wordsby the end oflast year.过去将来时would + V 原形多用宾语从句中过去看来将要发生的动作或状态He said that he the next day .He said that he would come here the next day .比较级形式形容副词名词后-er 前加more名词比较用more表示两个人、物之间进行比较时than /much/ a little far / in the two 等一般/去e 双写/辅y结尾iergood/well bettermuch/manymore She is the tall in the two.He runs faster than Tom .最高级形式形容副词名词后-est 前加most名词比较用most大于等于三个人、物之间进行比较in the 比较范围of the 具体的数字一般/去e 双写/辅y结尾iestbad/ill/badly-worstfar-farther-farthestShe is the most beautifulin her class.(最高级加the)动词不定式to do没有人称和数的变化作主语To read is helpful for anybody now .作宾语He wants to buy a dictionary.作宾补I hear him sing yesterday Tom told me to open it.作表语His job is to take care of children .作状语Hell go to see a doctor tomorrow .作定语He has much homeworkto do every day .主从复合句状语从句句子作状语（时间地点原因条件让步比较）He was writing a letter when I came in。宾语从句句子作宾语（语序、时态、引导词、客观事实）He asked me if I had been to Beijing before.定语从句句子作定语（修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先行词）I saw the man who was stealing my bike yesterday主动结构与被动结构主动语态：主语（人、物）+ 谓语 + 宾语动作执行者 + 及物动词 + 动作承受者被动语态：主语（人、物）+be PP + by宾语动作承受者 +bePP + by动作执行者在被动语态中没有可以省to 的不定式We speak English .主语 谓语 宾语Englishis spoken by us 宾改主谓语动词 be PP 主by 宾主动变被动，先找主、谓、宾，宾改主、主by宾，代词变格要细心，谓语动词be pp,时态随主、数随被PP 是及物动词的过去分词加ed 或不规则详见表被动句的时态（be）随主动句的时态（do）人称和数应随被动句的主语(am、is、are、was、were等 )初二（上）英语第一单元评估试题一 英汉互译：101. 准时 _ 6. how to spell 2. 良好的祝愿 7. for example 3. 不得不 8. make English fun 4. 浪费食物 9. not.any more 5. 教师节 10. Mothers Day 二 填写所缺字母：51. “James” is a g_ name.2. Thank you for h_ me with the work.3. The t_ must stop when the lights are red.4. She is a quiet girl. She n_ talks much.5. Im a_ Ive no idea.6. TV is s_ for television.7. You must stand up w_ the teacher calls your name.8. People dont use Mr,Mrs or Ms b_ their first names.9. To many people, the m_ of a name is important.10. In England, the family name comes l_.三 用所给词的适当形式填空：101. Ann often goes _ with her mother on Sundays. (shop)2. Ill come here _ next time. (early)3. Listen! Mike _ a Chinese song. (sing)4. We often have great fun _ on the farm. (work)5. The colour of your coat is _ from mine (difference)6. September is the _ month of the year. (nine)7. She often _ TV on Friday evening. (watch)8. The train _ at six oclock. (leave)9. She likes _ in the morning. (read)10. One of the _ is Miss Gao. She _ English very well. (teach)四 选择填空：251. Welcome _ home.A.to B.back C.back to D.back my2. What do you call _?A.for short B.short for C.for long D.long for3. My mother wants me _ with her.A.go shopping B.to go shopping C.to go to shop D.to go to shopping4. He is writing “Good luck _ you” on the card.A.for B.at C.with D.to5. Lesson Two is _of this book.A.a second lesson B.lesson second C.the second lesson D.the lesson second6. Thank for _ us so well.A.teaching B.teach C.to teaching D.to teach7. Im going to Shanghai _ month.A.last B.in next C.in this D.next8. These are our new students _ I dont know many of them.A.and B.but C.so D.because9. Their _ third class begins at 9:30.A.the B./ C.a D.this10. Can you give a piece of paper _ me?A.to B.for C.with D./11. Here are some flowers _ you _ our best _.A.for,to,wishes B.for,with,wishes C.to,for,wish D.of, to,wish12. In England, the last name is the _.A.given name B.middle name C.family name D.full name13. We cant call “Elizabeth Green” _ if shes not married(结婚).A.Miss Elizabeth B.Miss Green C. Elizabeth D.Liz 14. Mr Zhang asks me _ him a call.A.give B.giving C.gives D.to give15. I have _ to tell you.A.important something B.important nothing C. something important D.anything important16. Tom with his two friends _ going shopping tomorrow morning.A.are B.is C.will D.can17. Can you give us a talk about _between Chinese and English names? A.different B,difference C.the different D.the difference18. -Im sorry. Your pencil is broken. - _ .A.Give me my pen B.Thank you C.It doesnt matter D.All right19. Its too hot today. How about _ in the lake?A.go for a swim B.have a swim C.swim D.having a swim20. Dont do that! Its just _.A.a waste of time B. a waste time C.waste of time D.a waste of times21. The man _ often goes to work on foot.A.calls Tom B.call Tom C.called Tom D.is called22. Phillip tells them that “ph” _ an “f”.A:sound like B.sound likes C.sounds likes D.sounds like23. I know only _ about English names.A.a little B.little C.lot D.a lot24. -Is it going to rain tomorrow? - _.-Thats too bad! I dont like the rain.A.I hope so B.Im afraid not C.Im afraid so D.Im not afraid25. _ of you must do eye exercises every day.A.Every B.Every one C.Everyone D.No one五 完成对话，每空一词：10A: Hi,are you new here?B: Yes, I _1_. What about you?A: _2_ ,too. _3_ are you from?B: Im from Canada.What _4_ you?A: Small world, Im from _5_,too.B: Which _6_ are you from?A: Im from Toronto. My name is Sandra. _7_ you?B: My name is Thomas. You can call me _8_for short.A: OK, Tom.B: Can I call you _9_ for short?A: Sure, _10_ problem.六 句型转换：101. Call me James, please. (否定句)Please_ _ me James.2. Tom has some homework to do everyday.(一般疑问句)_ Tom _ _ homework to do everyday?3. Does he swim in the river?(改为现在进行时)_ he _ in the river?4. Han Mei is going to buy a card tomorrow. (划线提问)_ is she going to _ tomorrow?5. Today is Wednesday. (划线提问)_ _ is today? 6. He has to do housework after school. (否定句)He _ _ to do housework after school.7. Today we are going to learn Lesson Twenty-one. (同义句)We will learn _ _ _ today.8. Why not come with us? (同义句)Why _ you _ with us?9. He is thinking how he is going to use the computer. (同义句)He is thinking _ _ use the computer.七 完形填空10In China, most peoples names have _1_ parts, the _2_names and the family names. One person may have _3_ names. For example, when they are very young and _4_ home,they usually have nick names. At school they use their _5_ names. If someone _6_ a writer, he or she has a pen name. New young couples (夫妇) become very _7_ when they name their child. _8_the names have special meanings. Some show their parents _9_. Girls names show that their parents want them to be nice. Boys names are often useful _10_the country. 1.A.two B.second C.three D.third 2.A.family B.given C.middle D.full 3.A.much B.a lot C.many D.a little 4.A.in B.at C.of D.with 5.A.pen B.given C.full D.family 6.A.be B.is C.are D.was 7.A.sad B.happy C.angry D.careful 8.A.Some B.Both C.One D.Most of 9.A.head B.hope C.idea D.name 10.A.to B.in C.about D.at八 阅读理解：10 Tom is a little boy, and he is only seven years old. He often goes to the park and the fruit shop himself. Sometimes his mother takes him to the museum. One day he goes to a cinema. It is the first time for him to do that.He buys a ticket and then goes in. But after two or three minutes he comes out,buys a second ticket and goes in again. After a few minutes he comes out again and buys a third ticket. Two or three minutes later he comes out and asks for another ticket. Then the girl in the ticket office asks before giving him the ticket, “Why do you buy so many tickets? How many friends do you meet?” Tom answers, “No. I have no friends here. But a big boy always stops me at the door and tears(撕) my ticket into pieces.”1. Tom doesnt go to _ himself.A.the park B.the fruit shop C.the museum D.the cinema 2. It is _ time for Tom to go to the cinema. A.the first B.the second C.the third D.the fourth 3. How many tickets does Tom buy from the ticket office? A.One B.Two C.Three D.Four 4. Which of the following sentences is true? A.Tom goes to the cinema with some friends one day. B.Tom goes to the cinema for some times. C.Tom thinks the big boy lets him in after he tears the tickets. D.Tom doesnt understand what the big boy does. 5. The big boy in the cinema is _. A.a teacher B.a worker C.a friend D.a student九 书面表达: 10十 请你用英语给你的英语老师写一张教师节的贺卡初二（上）英语第一单元评估试题答案一 英汉互译：101. on time 2.best wishes 3.have to 4.a waste of food 5.Teachers Day6.如何拼写 7. 例如 8. 使得英语有趣 9. 再也不 10.母亲节二 填写所缺字母：51.given 2.helping 3.traffic 4.never 5.afraid 6.short7.when 8.before 9.meaning 10.last三 用所给词的适当形式填空：10 1.shopping 2.earlier 3.is singing 4.(in) working 5.different 6.ninth 7.watches 8.leaves 9.reading 10.teachers, teaches四 选择填空：25 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.C 16.B 17.D 18.C 19.D 20.A 21.C 22.D 23.A 24.C 25.B五 完成对话，每空一词：10 1.am 2.Me 3.Where 4.about 5.Canada 6.city 7.And 8.Tom 9.Sandy 10.no六 句型转换：10 1.dont call 2.Does, have any 3.Is, swimming 4.What,do 5.What day 6.doesnt have 7.the twenty-first lesson 8.dont,come 9.how,to七 完形填空: 10 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.D 9.C 10.A八 阅读理解：10 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.B九 书面表达: 10 略连词专项训练1、I dont like reading watching TV. What about you? “I dont like reading all day, I like watching TV plays.”Aand, butBand, and Cor, andDor, but2、You wont know the value(价值) of the health you lose it.AuntilBafterCwhenDbecause3、We bought Granny a present, she didnt like it.Abut Band CorDso4、Study hard, you will pass the exam.Aso BforCbutDand5、Put on more clothes, youll catch cold.AandBforCorDbut6、My shoes are worn out, I need new ones.AsoBifCbecauseDand7、He ran fast he won the race.Aenough to Bso thatCtootoDbothand8、He is only ten months. He can read write.AeitherorBneithernorCbothandDsothat9、She said she might come Saturday Sunday .AneithernorBnitheror CtootoDsothat10、If Tom Mike asks for their car, tell him to come tomorrow.AorBandCwithDbut11、It was already ten oclock we got to the museum this morning.AthatBwhenCifDfor12、Its a long time we met last. AsoBafterCsinceDbefore13、That maths problem is difficult nobody can do it.AtootoBverythat CsothatDvery but14、Ill give her the message she comes back. Asince BbeforeCuntilDas soon as15、 the teacher came into the classroom, many students were talking to each other.AWhileBIfCSinceDWhen16、People often mistake us for each other we are twins.Aif BwhenCbecauseDafter17、Could you tell me in your home town in winter?Aif it often snowedBwhether does it often snowCif it often snowDwhether it often snows18、Are you sure Mr. Li will come to your birthday party?AifBthatCforDwhen19、 Lily Lucy like singing.AEitherorBBeithernor CBothandDSothat20、Read the sentences slowly we can understand what you read.Aso thatBbeforeCuntilDbecause【答案】：一、 1、D2、A3、A4、D5、C6、A7、B8、B9、B10、A11、B12、C13、C14、D15、D16、C17、D18、B19、C20、A初中英语语法总结一览表语法项目构 成用 法象 征 词规则变化不规则变化例 句一般现在时动词用原形三人称单数-s / es表示经常性的动作或状态Every often always on 天 in月、季、节、年。一般-s es 辅音y-ieshave-hasHe goes to school every day.I often have lunch at home.一般过去时动词用过去时Bewas/ were表过去某个、段时间内动作及状态ago/just now /In1998 last/yesterday 等一般/去e 双写/辅y结尾iedgo-went come-camedo-did leave-left等He wrote a letter yesterday.I studied hard last year.一般将来时be going toV原will / shall + V原在将来某个时间或某段时要做的事tomorrow / afternext / tonight in 2010Go come leave stayfly等用进行表将来Are you going to read ?He is coming tomorrow .现在进行时bedoing 表此时此刻正进行的动作或状态listenlooknowall the timeDont一般去e 双写+ingtiedielie 变ie为y加ing Tom is writing now .They are lying on the bed .现在完成时现在完成进行have / has +PPhave/has been+doing发生在过去影响在现在的动作或状态等含糊的频率副词alreadyjustnever ever 分词规则的同过去式是一样的不规则的动词的过去分词需逐个记忆I have been teaching for 8 years. He has slept for two days. .过去进行时was / were +doing多用于复合句中表在过去某时间正在进行的动作at this time yesterdaylast Sunday evening一般去e 双写+ingtiedielie 变ie为y加ingHe was reading at that time last Friday过去完成时had+动过去分词多用于复合句中该动作发生在过去的过去by the time过去时whenafterbefore规则的分词构成与过去时一样的需要逐个记忆详见不规则动词表We had learnt 2000 wordsby the end oflast year.过去将来时would + V 原形多用宾语从句中过去看来将要发生的动作或状态He said that he the next day .He said that he would come here the next day .比较级形式形容副词名词后-er 前加more名词比较用more表示两个人、物之间进行比较时than /much/ a little far / in the two 等一般/去e 双写/辅y结尾iergood/well bettermuch/manymore She is the tall in the two.He runs faster than Tom .最高级形式形容副词名词后-est 前加most名词比较用most大于等于三个人、物之间进行比较in the 比较范围of the 具体的数字一般/去e 双写/辅y结尾iestbad/ill/badly-worstfar-farther-farthestShe is the most beautifulin her class.(最高级加the)动词不定式to do没有人称和数的变化作主语To read is helpful for anybody now .作宾语He wants to buy a dictionary.作宾补I hear him sing yesterday Tom told me to open it.作表语His job is to take care of children .作状语Hell go to see a doctor tomorrow .作定语He has much homeworkto do every day .主从复合句状语从句句子作状语（时间地点原因条件让步比较）He was writing a letter when I came in。宾语从句句子作宾语（语序、时态、引导词、客观事实）He asked me if I had been to Beijing before.定语从句句子作定语（修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先行词）I saw the man who was stealing my bike yesterday主动结构与被动结构主动语态：主语（人、物）+ 谓语 + 宾语动作执行者 + 及物动词 + 动作承受者被动语态：主语（人、物）+be PP + by宾语动作承受者 +bePP + by动作执行者在被动语态中没有可以省to 的不定式We speak English .主语 谓语 宾语Englishis spoken by us 宾改主谓语动词 be PP 主by 宾主动变被动，先找主、谓、宾，宾改主、主by宾，代词变格要细心，谓语动词be pp,时态随主、数随被PP 是及物动词的过去分词加ed 或不规则详见表被动句的时态（be）随主动句的时态（do）人称和数应随被动句的主语(am、is、are、was、were等 )简要搜集了一些信息希望对大家有用初二英语上册知识点（短语、句型）MODULE1 1、如有always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a.,every.用一般现在时，第一、二人称复数后跟动词原形，第三人称单数后跟动词加s/es。2、如有now ,look! ,listen, at the moment .用现在进行时，结构是be (am, is, are) +v-ing3、如有tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in +一段时间, some day, next.用一般将来时，结构：will + v原 be going to +v原（没有动词用be ）4、如有yesterday, .ago , last.just now.用一般过去时动词加edgive sb. Sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 every day每天, write down 写下，记下write it (them) down everyday每天的，日常的, how about doing sth.=what about doing sth.做.怎么样 each other 互相.thanks a lot= thank you very much非常谢谢回答Thats all right. =You