packing.doc

Introduction (概述) I. Introduction Packing is of great importance in foreign trade. It may be appropriately said that packing is to goods as what clothing is to man. The ultimate purpose of packing is to keep the transported goods in prefect condition with nothing missing on arrival. Good packing must be able to stand the roughest transportation. Packing can be divided into transport packing (usually known as outer packing) and sales packing (usually known as inner packing). Transport packing is done mainly to keep the goods safe and sound during transportation. It must not only be solid enough to prevent the packed goods from any damage, but also pilferage-proof, easy to store, convenient to load and unload. Sales packing is done mainly to push sales. It is now universally recognized as a decisive aid in selling household consumer goods. It can be realized in various forms and with different materials as long as it is nice to look at, easy to handle and helpful to the sales. Still, there is another category of packing, called neutral packing. This kind of packing carries no mark of the name of the origin country of the packed goods and no sign of the original trademark, with the view to elude the tariff of the import country or satisfy the buyers special requirements. Packing must be strikingly marked. Conventionally, outer packing marks mainly include transport marks, directive marks and warning marks. Transport marks consist of 1). consignors or consignees code name; 2). number of the contract or the L/C 3). the port of destination; 4). numbers of the packed goods; and sometimes weight and dimensions, all of which can greatly facilitate identification and transportation, e.g. ( Picture No.1) Directive marks are eye-catching figures and concise instructions concerning manners of proper handling, storing, loading and unloading of the packed goods, e.g. (Picture 2)USE NO HOOKS THIS SIDE UP HANDLE WITH CARE KEEP DRY DO NOT DROP Warning marks are obvious symbols or words to warn people against the hidden danger of inflammable, explosives and poisonous products, e.g. (Picture 3) DANGEROUS GOODS KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT ACID-WITH CARE INFLAMMABLE EXPLOSIVE Requirements for inner packing are increasingly high, with beautiful color, creative design and convenient handling as its chief concern. The primary motive for inner packing is to promote the sales of the particular goods. Letters about packing issues should be concise and clear. In such letters, the seller can describe in detail to the buyer his customary packing of the goods concerned and also indicate clearly that he may accept any required packing at the expense of the buyer. The buyer can inform the seller of any formerly unexpected requirements or fears about the packing. Any changes regarding packing stipulated in the contract should be mutually discussed and determined before shipment. The followings are some specimen letters. 关于丝绸女装的包装与保险的对话：I：我们来谈谈包装好吧。E：很好。你知道，对服装包装，我们有一定的方式。至于女衫，一件装一只聚乙稀口袋，可直接放在橱窗陈列。I：好的，吸引人的袋子肯定有助于促销。商品不仅要货真价实，还要吸引人，因为有许多类似的服装与之竞争。E：对了，我们会特别注意这一点的。I：外包装怎么样？E：十打装一纸箱，每箱毛重约25公斤。I：纸的？E：是的。I：不能用木箱吗？E：为什么用木箱？I：恐怕纸板箱不够结实，经受不住装这么重的货物。E：纸箱比较轻，因而容易搬运。纸箱不会和沉重物件一起堆放，搬运公司会注意这一点。此外，我们还用铁皮带加固。丝绸女衫并非易碎货物，它们经受得住很多的震动。I：你也许是对的，但这些货物要运往汉堡或伦敦，在那里转运。如果纸箱在露天码头上搬运，潮气和雨水就有可能渗透进去，这就要使得女衫弄得斑斑点点，甚至毁掉。E：没必要担心这个。纸箱内都衬有塑料布，是防水的。由于箱子是硬纸板的，在搬运的时候就会小心处理。I：嘿，我可不想去冒险，再说，纸箱容易被扯开，这就增加了被偷盗的危险。E：纸箱弄破是容易检查出来的，我说这恰恰成为阻碍偷盗的因素。I：也可能，但在出现损坏或偷盗时，恐怕保险公司借口包装不善，即不适合海运包装为理由而拒绝赔偿。E：纸箱是很适合海运的。对于运往欧洲主要港口的货物，我们广泛采用这种包装，我们的客户从未抱怨过。我保险公司承保水渍险和偷窃提货不着险时，同意使用这种包装。I：保险公司以错误包装为理由而拒绝索赔时，如果你保证赔偿，我们就乐于接受纸箱包装。E：对不起，我们不能承担超出我们职权的责任。我们可以保证适合海运，但不能对每一种损失都负责。I：我能理解你的立场。也许我要求太多了。E：如果你坚持，我们可以使用木箱，但包装费用就会高出许多，而且发运还要延期。I:我打电话给总部请示一下吧。E:好的，我等待你的回答。outer packing, garment, blouses, window display, carton, gross weightPacking, polythene wrapper, be of good value, wooden cases, easy to handle, stow stevedores, reinforce the cartons with straps, fragile goods, stand jolting, wharf, dampness, spot, ruin, lined with plastic sheets, water-proof, cardboard, handle with care, pilferage, Tamper, detect, refuse compensation, improper packing, suitable for sea voyage, seaworthy, EMP, complaint,W.P.A. , T.P.N.D., honor a claim, faulty packing,I：我们来谈谈包装好吧。Shall we now discuss the packing?E：很好。你知道，对服装包装，我们有一定的方式。至于女衫，一件装一只聚乙稀口袋，可直接放在橱窗陈列。Very well. You know, we have usual / definite ways of packing garments. As to blouses, we use a polythene wrapper for each article, all ready for window display.I：好的，吸引人的袋子肯定有助于促销。商品不仅要货真价实，还要吸引人，因为有许多类似的服装与之竞争。Good. A wrapping that catches the eye will certainly help push the sales. With competition from similar garment producers, the merchandise must not only be of good value but also look attractive.E：对了，我们会注意这一点的。Right you are. Well pay attention to this in particular. I：外包装怎么样？What about the outer packing?E：十打装一纸箱，每箱毛重约25公斤。Well pack them 10 dozens to one carton, gross weight around 25 kilos a carton.I：纸的？Cartons?E：是的。Yes.I：不能用木箱吗？Could you use wooden cases instead?E：为什么用木箱？Why wooden cases?I：恐怕纸板箱不够结实，经受不住装这么重的货物。Im afraid the cardboard boxes are not strong enough for such a heavy load.E：纸箱比较轻，因而容易搬运。纸箱不会和沉重物件一起堆放，搬运公司会注意这一点。此外，我们还用铁皮带加固。丝绸女衫并非易碎货物，它们经受得住很多的震动。The cartons are comparatively light, and therefore easy to handle; they wont be stowed away together with the heavy cargo. The stevedores will see to that. Besides, well reinforce the cartons with straps. Silk blouses are not fragile goods, they can stand a lot of jolting. I：你也许是对的，但这些货物要运往汉堡或伦敦，在那里转运。如果纸箱在露天码头上搬运，潮气和雨水就有可能渗透进去，这就要使得女衫弄得斑斑点点，甚至毁掉。Maybe you are right. But the goods are to be transshipped at Hamburg or London. If the boxes are moved about on an open wharf, the dampness or rain may get into them. This would make the blouses spotted or ruined.E：没必要担心这个。纸箱内都衬有塑料布，是防水的。由于箱子是硬纸板的，在搬运的时候就会小心处理。No need to worry about that. The cartons lined with plastic sheets are water-proof, and as the boxes are made of cardboard, they will be handled with care.I：嘿，我可不想去冒险，再说，纸箱容易被扯开，这就增加了被偷盗的危险。Well, I dont want to take any chances. Besides, cartons are easy to cut open, and this increases the risk of pilferage.E：纸箱弄破是容易检查出来的，我说这恰恰成为阻碍偷盗的因素。Tampering with cartons would be easily detected. I should say this really discourage pilferage.I：也可能，但在出现损坏或偷盗时，恐怕保险公司借口包装不善，即不适合海运包装为理由而拒绝赔偿。Maybe so. But I am afraid that in case of damage or pilferage, the insurance company will refuse compensation on the ground of improper packing, or packing unsuitable for sea voyage.E：纸箱是很适合海运的。对于运往欧洲主要港口的货物，我们广泛采用这种包装，我们的客户从未抱怨过。我保险公司承保水渍险和偷窃提货不着险时，同意使用这种包装。But cartons are quite seaworthy. They are extensively used in our shipments to EMP. There are never any complaints from our clients, and such packing has also been approved by our insurance company for W.P.A. and T.P.N.D.I：保险公司以错误包装为理由而拒绝索赔时，如果你保证赔偿，我们就乐于接受纸箱包装。If you could guarantee compensation in case the insurance company refuses to honor a claim for faulty packing, we would be quite willing to accept cartons.E：对不起，我们不能承担超出我们职权的责任。我们可以保证适合海运，但不能对每一种损失都负责。I am sorry. But we cant take on any responsibility for every kind of mishap.I：我能理解你的立场。也许我要求太多了。I can understand your position. Perhaps Im asking too much. E：如果你坚持，我们可以使用木箱，但包装费用就会高出许多，而且发运还要延期。Well use wooden cases if you insist, but the charge for packing will be considerably higher, and it also slows down delivery.I:我打电话给总部请示一下吧。Well Ill call my HQ for instructions on this matter.E:好的，我等待你的回答。Please do. Waiting for your reply.关于青岛啤酒的包装的对话E:这次我们能达成50000箱青岛啤酒的交易，我很高兴。这是我们双方共同努力的结果。I：是的。这里我想谈谈包装的问题。你愿意听听我的意见吗？E:我们非常欢迎你提出意见。I：你们现在的包装是用两种大小不同的玻璃瓶子，对一般人来说，一次喝一大瓶太多了，而小瓶看来刚好。E:你的这个意见提得很好，我们应该考虑正常人的一次消费量来设计啤酒瓶子的大小。I：我认为现在用玻璃瓶子装饮料已不太时兴，其缺陷是很明显的：第一，运输途中易破，即使你在纸箱里装上24瓶，衬垫得很好，也会是这样；第二，玻璃瓶太重，这必然增加运费；第三，酒装在瓶子中喝起来不方便，因为你得用一把扳头来开瓶子。E:是的，你提的这些缺点确实都存在。你有些什么好的建议吗？I：现在饮料是用罐瓶装，这在国际市场上已广泛采用；E:你的想法很好，我将把你今天提出的宝贵建议转交生产部门研究，以便改进我们的包装。E:这次我们能达成50000箱青岛啤酒的交易，我很高兴。这是我们双方共同努力的结果。I am very glad weve concluded the transaction for 50000 cases of Tsingtao Beer. This is the result of your joint efforts.I：是的。这里我想谈谈包装的问题。你愿意听听我的意见吗？Yes. But I want to discuss the issue of packing the beer. Would you like to hear my comments?E:我们非常欢迎你提出意见。We warmly welcome your comments and suggestions.I：你们现在的包装是用两种大小不同的玻璃瓶子，对一般人来说，一次喝一大瓶太多了，而小瓶看来刚好。Your present packing is in glass bottles of two sizes-large and small. One large bottle is too much for an ordinary person to consume at one time, while the small size seems just right.E:你的这个意见提得很好，我们应该考虑正常人的一次消费量来设计啤酒瓶子的大小。Very good. We should consider the normal quantity that an ordinary pesrson consumes at one time when we decide on the size of the beer bottle.I：我认为现在用玻璃瓶子装饮料已不太时兴，其缺陷是很明显的：第一，运输途中易破，即使你在纸箱里装上24瓶，衬垫得很好，也会是这样；第二，玻璃瓶太重，这必然增加运费；第三，酒装在瓶子喝起来不方便，因为你得用一把扳头来开瓶子。 I dont think glass-bottles are popular nowadays for liquids. The shortcomings are obvious: first, they are easily broken in transit, even though you put 24 bottles in a well-lined cartons; second, glass-bottles are too heavy and it will increase the cost of freight; third, it is not convenient to consume the beer packed in bottles because you have to use a bottle-opener to open them.E:是的，你提的这些缺点确实都存在。你有些什么好的建议吗？Yes, all these shortcomings exist as a matter of fact. Do you have any good ideas?I：现在饮料是用罐瓶装，这在国际市场上已广泛采用；Liquids are now packed in tins, which have been gaining popularity on the world market.E:你的想法很好，我将把你今天提出的宝贵建议转交生产部门研究，以便改进我们的包装。Your suggestions are very helpful. Ill give your valuable proposals to our production department for study so as to improve our packing. 翻译练习将下列句子补充完整Dear Sirs, Sales Confirmation No. 99A/782 We thank you for your letter dated October 10, enclosing the above sales contract in duplicate but wish to state that the packing clause in the contract is not clear enough. The relative clause read:Packing: _(标准出口包装，适合长途海运). In order to avoid possible future trouble, we would like you to make clear beforehand our packing requirements as follows: The _(标题合同项下的衬衫) should be packed in plastic bags, _(五打装一纸箱)， 20 cartons on a pallet, 10 pallets in FCL container. On the outer packing please_(注明我们的首写字母): JHCL in a triangle, under which the port of destination and our order number _(应刷上). In addition, directive marks like KEEP DRY AWAY FROM PRESSURE, etc. should _(应标明). We have made a footnote on the contract to that effect and are returning herein one copy of the contract, duly countersigned by us. We hope you will find it in order and _(特别注意包装问题)pay special attention to the packing. We look forward to receiving your _(装运通知) and thank you in advance. Yours sincerely, Dear Sirs, Sales Confirmation No. 99A/782 We thank you for your letter dated October 10, enclosing the above sales contract in duplicate but wish to state that the packing clause in the contract is not clear enough. The relative clause read:Packing: Standard export packing, suitable for long distance ocean transportation. In order to avoid possible future trouble, we would like you to make clear beforehand our packing requirements as follows: The shirts under the captioned contract should be packed in plastic bags, five dozen to one carton, 20 cartons on a pallet, 10 pallets in FCL container. On the outer packing please mark our initials: JHCL in a triangle, under which the port of destination and our order number should be stenciled. In addition, directive marks like KEEP DRY AWAY FROM PRESSURE, etc. should also be indicated. We have made a footnote on the contract to that effect and are returning herein one copy of the contract, duly countersigned by us. We hope you will find it in order and pay special attention to the packing. We look forward to receiving your shipping advice and thank you in advance. Yours sincerely, . Enc. Specimen Letter SixPacking for GarmentsHunan Silk Knitwear Export Corp.Changsha, Hunan, China July 20, 2000Richard Thomas Green Ltd 219 John StreetLondon, EnglandDear Sirs, We are pleased to inform you that for your future orders we shall pack our garments in cartons instead of in wooden cases, as packing in cartons has the following advantages: A.It will prevent skillful pilferage as the traces of pilferage will be more in evidence. B.It is fairly fit for ocean transportation. C.Our cartons are well protected against moisture by plastic lining. D.Cartons are comparatively light and compact, so they are more convenient to handle. Our comments above come from a comparative study of the characteristics of the two modes of packing, i.e. carton packing and wooden case packing, as well as the results of shipments already made. We hope you will accept our carton packing and assure you of our sincere cooperation. With best wishes.Yours faithfully, Hunan Silk Knitwear Corp. Specimen Letter SevenPacking for Lotus NutsJ.R. Longfellow & Co.1425 Main RdWashington, U.S.A. August 9,2000China National Cereals, OilFoodstuffs Import & Export Corp.Hunan BranchChangsha, Hunan, China Dear Sirs, Re: Order No. 668We thank you very much for your letter dated August 1. We have immediately passed the information onto our clients who are now actively working on your counter price. Meanwhile, our clients wish to know the details of the packing of your Lotus-nuts, i.e. A.How are the goods packed and packaged?B.What measures will you take to protect the goods from dampness or rain?C.What measures will you take to prevent the inner packing from being torn apart?Please provide us with any information regarding the above by return mail. We look forward to hearing from you soon. Sincerely yours,J.R. Longfellow & Co. Specimen Letter EightDear Sirs, We noted your letter of September 29 carefully and approached our clients about the packing. After our repeated explanation, they say they will have no objection to your packing of the garments in cartons if you guarantee that you will pay compensation in all cases wherein they cannot get indemnification from the insurance company for the reason that the cartons used are not seaworthy. We deem it our duty to inform you of this and consider it a tacit understanding that should the insurance company refuse compensation, you would hold yourselves responsible for the losses our clients might sustain on account of your using such cartons. We think you will understand that our candid statement is made for our mutual benefits as packing is a sensitive subject, which often leads to trade disputes. We appreciate your cooperation. Yours sincerely, . Translate the following sentences into English:1纸板箱作为一种包装容器已在国际贸易中广泛使用，因此，对它们的适航性，你们不必担心。2据我们所知，保险公司接受投保纸板箱的货物的偷窃、提货不着险。万一发生偷窃，你们可以放心，保险公司将会给予赔偿。3纸板箱装的货物被窃的痕迹比装木箱的易于察觉，这将有助于你们从保险公司那里得到赔偿。4运到我们口岸的货物必须在汉堡转船，因此你们的包装必须具有适航性，并能经得起运输途中的粗鲁搬运。5你们的人参酒质量很好，但包装较差，瓶子易碎，纸盒太薄，对我们今后的定货，请每瓶套一只泡沫塑料套，并装在较厚的纸盒内，否则，我们只能放弃这项业务。6出口商必须很好考虑运往国外货物的包装，并尽量按买方的要求包装货物。7出口包装的结构必须考虑到经济与实效。出口商应记住，货物应该采用一种能保证安全到达目的地和便于在转运中搬运的方式进行包装。.Translate the following letter into English:你8月31日的来函询问我方旅行剪刀的包装一事，今告知如下：我们出口的旅行剪刀每盒装一打，每一纸板箱装100盒。尺码是17公分高，30公分阔，50公分长，体积约0.026立方米，净重22.5公斤,毛重23.5公斤。纸板箱的外标记,除印刷有毛重、净重、皮重外，还须印有“中华人民共和国制造”字样。如你对标记有何特殊需要，请告知，我方当尽力满足。顺告我们的剪刀过去一向是用木箱包装的，但经过多次试用纸板箱后，发现纸板箱同样适于海运，且纸板箱价格比较便宜，搬运交为轻便，运费也比较低廉，所以现在有更多客户宁愿要纸板箱而不要木箱包装。我们相信你方会同意我们的意见，接受纸板箱包装。如能早日答复，不胜感激。2.1).Cartons as a kind of packing container have been extensively used in international trade. Therefore, you need not worry about their seaworthiness.2).So far as we know, insurance companies accept goods packed in cartons to be insured against TPND. In case of theft and pilferage, you may be assured that you will get indemnification from the insurance company concerned.3).The traces of pilferage are easier to be found out for the goods packed in cartons than in wooden cases. Therefore, they will help you to get compensation from the insurance company.4).It is necessary to make transhipment at Hamberg for goods to be shipped to our port. Therefore, your packing must be seaworthy and can stand rough handling.5).The quality of your Ginseng Wine is fine, but its packing is rather poor. Bottles are subject to breakage and paper boxes are very thin. Please put each bottle in a foam plastic casing and then in a thicker paper box for our future orders, otherwise, we shall be compelled to give up this business.6).The exporter has to give due consideration to the packing of the goods to be shipped abroad, and try his best to pack the goods in accordance with the instructions of the buyer.7).In the construction of an export package, the important factors of efficiency and economy must be taken into consideration. The exporter should bear in mind that the goods should be packed in a manner which ensures their safe arrival at destination and facilitates their handling in transit.3. In reply to your letter of 31st August inquiring about the packing of our Trip Scissors, we wish to state as below: Our export Trip Scissors are packed in boxes of one dozen each, 100 boxes to a carton. The dimensions are 17 cm high, 30 cm wide and 50 cm long with a volume of about 0.026 cubic meter. The gross weight is 23.5k, while the net weight is 22.5kg. As to the shipping marks outside the carton, in addition to the gross, net weights and tare, the wording MADE IN THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA is also stenciled on the package. Should you have any special preference in this respect, please let us know and we would meet you to the best of our ability. Taking this opportunity, we would like to inform you that we used