一般过去时的被动语态.doc

_一般过去时的被动语态I. 定义：表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作，无需说明动作 执行者时可省去“by + 动作执行者”。II. 结构： 一般过去时的被动语态：1.肯定结构： 主语 + was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 + by + 动作执行者 Eg：The teaching building was built six years ago. 这座教学楼建于六年前。练习：( ) Many trees and flowers _ in our school last year. A. plant B. planted C. have planted D. were planted 注意： was, were的使用由主语的单复数形式而定，主语为第三人称单数名词、代词或I时用was, 主语为复数名词、代词they或you时用were。2.否定形式：主语+was / were + not + 动词的过去分词 Eg：The window was not broken by him. 窗玻璃不是他打碎的。3. 疑问形式：was /were +主语+动词的过去分词4. Eg：Was your homework finished in time yesterday evening? 昨天晚上你及时完成家庭作业了吗？ Where were those buses made? 那些公共汽车是哪里制造的？注意：一般疑问句通常把was / were置于主语前。 特殊疑问句形式应将一般疑问句置于特殊疑问词后面， 反意疑问句形式应保留was / were。III.一般过去时的被动语态疑问句的回答方法1. 一般疑问句形式肯定回答用“Yes, . was / were.”， 否定回答用“No, . wasnt / werent.”; 2. 特殊疑问句应抓住特殊疑问词进行回答，可用简略方法，也可用完整方法; 3. 反意疑问句也应用“Yes, . was / were.”或“No, . wasnt / werent.”进行回答。Eg：（1）Was your office cleaned yesterday afternoon? 你的办公室昨天下午打扫了吗？ Yes, it was. / No, it wasnt. 是的，打扫了。/ 不，没有打扫。 （2）Where was the party held last Sunday? 上周日聚会在哪儿举行的？ At home. / It was held at home. 在家里。/ 在家里举行的。 （3）Your debt was paid off at last, wasnt it? 你所欠的债最终被还清了，是吗？ Yes, it was. / No, it wasnt. 是的，被还清了。/ 不，没有被还清。练习： Last March, many trees _ along the streets to make our city more beautiful.A. were planted B. were planting C. had planted D. planted Shenzhou X, Chinas fifth manned spacecraft, _into space on June 11. 2013. A. has sent B. was sent C. will send D. is sentWow! You have a ticket to the Expo! lt by my uncle. He is working in Shanghai.A. has bought B. had bought C. is bought D. was bought We are glad to hear that the terrorists _ by the brave policemen several days ago.A. are caught B. were caught C. have been caughtD. are going to be caught. Three bridges _ over the river five