初中英语单词及短语分类速记表--中考1600词.doc

初中英语单词短语分类速记表(一)个人情况1.birthdayn.生日2.addressn.地址体貌描述1. beautifuladj.美的；美丽的2.prettyadj.漂亮的3.heightn.高度4.weakadj.差的；弱的5.strongadj.强烈的,强壮的强大的性格、处世1.patientadj.耐心的2.carelessadj.粗心的3.carefuladj.小心的；仔细的谨慎的4.politeadj.礼貌的5.rudeadj.粗鲁的6.seriousadj.严肃的；认真的7.strictadj.严格的；严厉的8.usefuladj.有用的；有益的9. friendlyadj.友好的10.honestadj.诚实的11.helpfuladj.有帮助的12.excellentadj.卓越的；极好的13.creativeadj.创造性的14.couragen.勇气；胆量工作与职业政府部门1.governmentn.政府2.officern.公务员；官员3.presidentn.总统；主席4.kingn.国王5.queenn.王后；女王6.medicaladj.医学的；医疗的7.medicinen.药8.doctorn.医生9.nursen.护士10.dentistn.牙医11.patientn.病人12.takemedicine吃药13.medicalresearch医学研究农、工、商1. countrysiden.农村地区；乡下2.localadj.地方的；当地的3.villagen.村庄；乡村4.businessn.生意；交易；事业5.bossn.老板；雇主6.supermarketn.超级市场7.factoryn.工厂军、警、法2.soldiern.士兵；战士3.armyn.军队4.enemyn.敌人文艺1. actorn.（男）演员2.actressn.女演员5.writern.作家6.singern.歌手（二）家人、朋友与周围的人家人与亲友1. familyn.家庭；子女2.daughtern.女儿3.cousinn.堂/表兄弟；堂/表姐妹其他人1.strangern.陌生人2.heron.英雄3.teenagern.青少年 (三)居住环境房屋与住所1.hometownn.家乡2.kitchenn.厨房城市设施1.buildingn.建筑物；大楼2.churchn.教堂3.museumn.博物馆4.restaurantn.饭馆；饭店5squaren.广场6.palacen.宫殿生活起居1.havebreakfastlunchdinner吃早饭午饭晚饭2.fallasleep入睡3.putaway放好；收拾生活用品1.umbrellan.雨伞（四）日常活动动作1.tastev.味道；品尝2.smellv.闻；嗅3.controlv.控制4.preparev.准备5.comparev.比较6.completev.完成过程与结果1. advantagen.优点；有利条件2. disadvantagen.缺点；不利条件3.difficultadj.困难的4.difficultyn.困难5.importantadj.重要的15.succeedvi.成功16. successn.成功17. successfuladj.成功的相信与不相信1. believev.相信；认为2.trustv.相信；信任3.possibleadj.可能的4.impossibleadj.不可能的5.safeadj.安全的6.safetyn.安全；保险7.dangern.危险8.dangerousadj.危险的同意与不同意1.agreev.同意；应允2.agreementn.同意；一致；协定13.againstprep.反对频率词1.onceadv.一次2.twiceadv.两次3.threetimesaweek一周三次记忆1. memoryn.回忆；记忆2.rememberv.记得；想起3. forget(forgot,forgotten)忘记忘掉4. impressv.给以深刻的印象经验1.experiencen.经验；经历评价1.famousadj.著名的2.comfortableadj.舒服的；安逸的；3.uncomfortableadj.不舒服的4.necessaryadj.必需的；必要的替换1. insteadadv.代替；顶替2. insteadof代替；而不是3.changev.改变；变化；更换家务1. houseworkn.家务2.tidyv.弄干净adj.整洁的读物1. articlen.文章2.storyn.故事；小说3.artistn.艺术家4.writern.作家5.newspapern.报纸6.magazinen.杂志7.passagen.（文章等的）一节一段8.comeout出版9.gothrough浏览；翻阅学科1. subjectn.学科2.sciencen.科学3.geographyn.地理4.physicsn.物理5.chemistryn.化学（六）个人兴趣喜欢与不喜欢1.hobbyn.业余爱好；嗜好2.interestn.兴趣；趣味（七）情感与情绪心情1.amazingadj.令人惊异的2.aloneadj.孤单的；单独的3.lonelyadj.孤独的4.expressvt.表达；表示；表现5.expressionn.表情；表现6.feelingn.感情；感觉7.crazyadj.疯狂的；热衷的高兴1.pleasuren.高兴；愉快2.priden.自豪3.proudadj.自豪的；骄傲的（八）人际交往交际1.discussvt.讨论；议论2.discussionn.讨论3.traditionaladj.传统的4.personaladj.私人的带来带去1. bring(brought,brought)vt.拿来；2.take(took,taken)vt.带走3.Carry vt.拿；搬；带；提；抬；背；（九）计划与安排（十）时间与节假日活动节假日1. festivaln.节日2.traditionaladj.传统的3.holidayn.假日；假期4.vacationn.假期；休假5.SpringFestival春节时间段1. todayadv.&n.今天；现在；当前2.tomorrowadv.&n.明天3.yesterdayadv.&n.昨天4.tonightadv.&n.今晚5.thedayaftertomorrow后天6.thedaybeforeyesterday前天7.centuryn.世纪；百年8.futuren.将来9.inthefuture在将来时间相关星期1. weekn.星期2. Mondayn.星期一3.Tuesdayn.星期二4. Wednesdayn.星期三5. Thursdayn.星期四6.Fridayn.星期五7. Saturdayn.星期六8.Sundayn.星期日9.weekdayn.工作日10.daten.日期月份1. monthn.月份2. Januaryn.一月3.Februaryn.二月4.Marchn.三月5. Apriln.四月6.Mayn.五月7.Junen.六月8.Julyn.七月9.Augustn.八月10. Septembern.九月11. Octobern.十月12.Novembern.十一月13.Decembern.十二月（十一）购物用词颜色1.grey(美gray)n.灰色adj.灰色的2.yellown.黄色adj.黄色的3.purplen.紫色adj.紫色的4.whiten.白色adj.白色的5.brownn.褐色棕色adj.褐/棕色的6.pinkadj.粉红色的选择1. choosevt.选择2.choicen.选择3.wholeadj.整个的4.pricen.价格5.expensiveadj.昂贵的（十二）饮食1.chopsticksn.(pl)筷子食物1. foodn.食物2.noodlen.面条3.hamburgern.汉堡包4.dumplingn.饺子5.sandwichn.三明治6.vegetablen.蔬菜7.cabbagen.卷心菜饮品进食与感觉1.deliciousadj.美味的2.hungryadj.饿的3.thirstyadj.口渴的（13） 卫生与健康身体部位1. mouthn.嘴巴2.earn.耳朵3.tooth(复teeth)n.牙齿4.foot(复feet)n.脚健康1. healthn.健康2.healthyadj.健康的3.unhealthyadj.不健康的4.illnessn.疾病5.keepfit/healthy保持健康疾病1. stomachachen.胃疼2. toothachen.牙疼3.headachen.头痛4.coughv.咳嗽5. fevern.发烧6.cancern.癌症7.harmfuladj.有害的（十四）天气天气1. weathern.天气2. sunnyadj.晴朗的3. cloudyadj.多云的4. windn.风5. windyadj.有风的；多风的6.snowv.下雪；n.雪7. snowyadj.下雪的；多雪的8.rainv.下雨；n.雨水9. rainyadj.下雨的；多雨的10.dryadj.干的；干燥的11. wetadj.湿的；潮湿的12. coldadj.冷的；寒冷的13.hotadj.热的14.warmadj.暖和的；温暖的15.cooladj.凉的；凉爽的21.temperaturen.温度（十五）文娱与体育影视戏剧1.charactern.角色；性格2.rolen.角色3.fashionn.时髦；时尚音乐1.musicaladj.音乐的2.musiciann.音乐家3.concertn.音乐会运动1.competitionn.比赛；竞赛2.volleyballn.排球（十六）旅游与交通旅游1. traveln.旅行2. tripn.旅行；旅程3. journeyn.旅行；路途4.sightseeingn.观光交通出行1.accidentn.事故；意外的事2.safeadj.安全的3.dangerousadj.危险的4.onfoot走路；步行5.geton上车6.pickup开车去接7.waitfor等待8.trafficn.交通（十八）语言学习学习内容1. knowledgen.知识2.homeworkn.家庭作业3.pronouncev.发音4.pronunciationn.发音5.languagen.语言6.mistaken.错误v.弄错7.makeamistake犯错误8.understandv.明白；理解；懂得（十九）自然季节1. seasonn.季节2. springn.春季；春天3. summern.夏季；夏天4. autumnn.秋季；秋天5. wintern.冬季；冬天动物1. animaln.动物2. lionn.狮子3. elephantn.大象4.giraffen.长颈鹿5.mouse(复mice)n.老鼠植物1.plantn.植物2.flowern.花3.leaf(复leaves)n.树叶自然灾害1. earthquaken.地震2.burnv.着火3.firen.火灾1. planetn.行星2. spacen.空间3. sendup发射；射出4. pulln.拉力；牵引力;拉5. communicationn.通讯；交流6. mobileadj.可移动的7. modeln.模型8. modernadj.现代的（二十）世界与环境人口1.populationn.人口洲、国家2.Asian.亚洲3.Asianadj.亚洲的；亚洲人的n.亚洲人4.African.非洲5.Europen.欧洲6.Europeanadj.欧洲的n.欧洲人7.Australian.澳洲；澳大利亚8.Australianadj.澳洲的；澳大利亚的9.Germann.德国10Germanyn.德国人11.capitaln.首都12.internationaladj.国际的环境1. environmentn.环境2.pollutevt.污染3.pollutionn.污染4.rubbishn.垃圾；废物（二十一）科普知识与现代技术数量和计算17.elevennum.十一18.twelvenum.十二19.thirteennum.十三20.fourteennum.十四21.fifteennum.十五22.sixteennum.十六23.seventeennum.十七24.eighteennum.十八25.nineteennum.十九26.twentynum.二十27.thirtynum.三十28.fortynum.四十29.fiftynum.五十30.sixtynum.六十31.seventynum.七十32.eightynum.八十33.ninetynum.九十34.hundrednum.百35.hundredsof几百；成百上千36.thousandnum.千37. thousandsof成千上万；几千38.millionnum.百万39.millionsof成百万上千万；数以顺序1.ordern.顺序2.firstnum.第一adj.&adv.第一的；首次；最初3.secondnum.第二adj.第二的4.thirdnum.第三5.fourthnum.第四6.fifthnum.第五7.sixthnum.第六8.seventhnum.第七9.eighthnum.第八10.ninthnum.第九11.twelfthnum.第十二12.twentiethnum.第二十13.twenty-firstnum.第二十一科学技术1. engineern.工程师2. inventvt.创造；发明3. inventionn.发明；创造4.machinen.机器5.technologyn.科技；技术6.sciencen.科学7.scientificadj.科学的8.scientistn.科学家（二十二）历史与社会历史文化1.culturen.文化2.customn.习俗；习惯；传统3.traditionaladj.传统的结果1. winv.获取；赢得2. winnern.获胜者3. victoryn.胜利4. beatv.打败原因1. becauseconj.因为2. becauseof因为3. thanksto幸亏；由于4.trueadj.真的；真实的；忠诚的5.truthn.真理；事实；真相；实际条件1. thesameas与一样2.bedifferentfrom与不同3.differencen.不同4.incommon共同；共有让步1. thoughconj.虽然；可是2.althoughconj.虽然；尽管3.eventhough即使；尽管（=evenif）4.whateverconj.&n.无论什么；不管什么5.butconj.但是；可是6.howeveradv.可是conj.然而；可是；尽管如此二、常见短语与句型about短语1. besureabout确信；对有把握2. careabout关心；在意3. talkabout谈论；讨论；议论4. thinkabout考虑（是否去做）5.worryabout担心；烦恼after短语1. afterall毕竟；终究2.takeafter（外貌或行为）像as短语1.asaresult(作为)结果8.as.as和一样9.notso.as不像；不如10.regard.as把看作11.suchas例如；比如12.thesameas和相同；与一致at短语1. atleast至少；最少2. atonce立即；马上3. atthesametime同时4.atthebeginningof在的开始away短语1. faraway在远处2. getaway逃离3. keep.awayfrom避免接近；远离4. putaway储存备用；把暂时收起来5.rightaway立刻；马上6.runaway逃跑；跑掉7.takeaway拿走8.throwaway扔掉9.giveaway赠送；分发for短语1. asfor至于；关于2. askfor要；要求；请求3. bebadfor对有害4.belatefor迟到5.beknownfor.以闻名为人知晓6.beusedfor.用来做7.bethirstyfor渴望；渴求8.carefor关心；关怀；照顾from短语1. acrossfrom在对面2. comefrom出生（于）；来自3. bedifferentfrom与不同4.farfrom远离in短语1.allinall总的说来2.inorderto为了3.takepridein.对感到自豪into短语1. changeinto转换成；把变成2. o.把分成3. fallinto落入；陷入on短语1.onweekends（在）周末2.ontime准时3.workon从事；忙于6.comeover顺便来访7.getover克服；恢复；原谅to短语1. accordingto根据；按照2.besupposedto被期望或被要求3.belongto属于look短语1. lookafter照顾；照看2. lookat看；朝看3. lookdownupon瞧不起4. lookforwardto盼望；期待5. lookfor寻找；寻求6. looklike看起来像put短语1. putaway把暂时收起来；储存备用2. putdown写下；放下3. putoff推迟；拖延4. puton穿上；上演5. putout扑灭；熄灭（火）6.putup张贴；搭建7.putsth.togooduse把某物好好利用take短语1. takeaphoto拍照2. takeashower淋浴；洗澡3. takeavacation去度假4.takeawalk散步5.takeafter（在外貌、性格等方面）与（父母等）相像how词组1.howfar多远（问距离）2.howlong多久；多长时间3.howoften多久一次（问频度）4.howsoon多久后（问将来时间）5.howmany多少（提问可数名词）6.howmuch(价钱）多少（提问不可数名词）7.howold多大年纪；几岁三、词性转换总览表形容词名词(1) 以-ness结尾的名词词happy-happiness kind-kindnesssick-sickness ill-illnesssad-sadness(2) 以-ce结尾的名词confident-confidence different-difference patient-patience动词名词(1) 以-tion结尾的名词educate-education operate-operation pollute-pollutioninvent-inventor-invention (2)以-ment结尾的名词achieve-achievementagree-agreement develop-developmenttreat-treatmentweigh-weightdecide-decisiondie-deathmarry-marriage名词形容词(1) 以-ful结尾的形容词beauty-beautiful cheer-cheerfulcolour-colourful peace-peacefulpower-powerful success-successfulwonder-wonderfulcare-careful-carelessharm-harmful-harmlesshelp-helpful-helplesshope-hopeful-hopelessmeaning-meaningful-meaninglessuse-useful-useless(2) 以-y结尾的形容词fun-funny sun-sunnyshine-shiny noise-noisyrain-rainy snow-snowywind-windy cloud-cloudyhealth-healthyluck-luckysleep-sleepy salt-salty(3) 其它east-easternnorth-northernsouth-southernwest-westernfriend-friendlylove-lovelyweek-weeklydanger-dangeroushumour-humourousfashion-fashionablevalue-valuableend-endlesshome-homelessgold-goldenwood-woodenfool-foolishEngland-EnglishBritain-BritishChina-ChineseJapan-JapaneseAmerica-AmericanFrance-Frenchenergy-energetic动词形容词(1) 以-ed/ing结尾的形容词amaze-amazed-amazingbore-bored-boringexcite-excited-excitingfrighten-frightened-frighteninginterest-interested-interestingrelax-relaxed-relaxingsatisfy-satisfied-satisfyingsurprise-surprised-surprisingtire-tired-tiring(2) 其它act-activelive-alivecreate-creativesleep-asleepwake-awakedie-deadfollow-following副词形容词scare-scared（1） 以-ly结尾的副词beautiful-beautifullycareful-carefullybright-brightlycorrect-correctlydifferent-differentlyrecent-recentlyclear-clearlydeep-deeplyfinal-finallyquick-quicklyslow-slowlypolite-politelywide-widelysafe-safelyregular-regularlyusual-usually（2） 变y为i加ly的副词easy-easilyhappy-happilyheavy-heavilylucky-luckilyunlucky-unluckily（3） 去e加ly的副词possible-possiblyprobable-probablysimple-simply名词名词art-artistpiano-pianistscience-scientisttour-touristviolin-violistmusic-musician四、不规则变化表名词复数的不规则变化表foot-feettooth-teethman-menwoman-womenfireman-firemenpoliceman-policemenpostman-postmensalesman-salesmenChinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanesesheep-sheepchild-childrenmouse-micefish-fish/fishes形容词和副词比较级不规则变化表形容词和副词比较级不规则变化表Good / well better bestMany / much more mostBad / ill/badly worse worstfar father farthest further furthestlittle less least动词的不规则变化表(1) AAA型（原形原形原形）原形 过去式过去分词 中文cut cut cut 切，割cost cost cost 花费hit hit hit 撞，击hurt hurt hurt 伤害let let let 让put put put 放read read read 读set set set 安排(2) ABA型（原形过去式原形）原形 过去式 过去分词 中文become became become 成为come came come 来run ran run 跑(3) ABC型原形ewown原形 过去式 过去分词 中文fly flew flown 飞grow grew grown 生长know knew known 知道iau原形 过去式 过去分词 中文begin began begun 开始drink drank drunk 喝ring rang rung 打电话sing sang sung 唱swim swam swum 游泳原形过去式过去式+(e)n原形 过去式 过去分词 中