大学英语3Unit 3 三习题.doc

班级： 姓名： 学号：Unit 3 Job-hunting 三习题预习题Section One: Before ReadingIn-depth reading: Job-hunting?Think like a lion!1. Oral practice :Lead-in questions:What job will you choose after graduation?What are the skills when you are in the job interview?2. Global reading :Work on Structure of the Text PartParagraph(s)Main IdeasOneThe author introduces his amazing venture to Tanzanian bush and was fascinated by the actions of lions.TwoThe dining sight of lions teaches the author that learning from others can help you occupy the vantage point in job searching.ThreeThe author compares the key to networking success in job hunting to the interconnecting of the ecosystem.FourThe author advocates the spirit of correctly treating failures from lions perspective.FiveThe author suggests readers learning from the competitiveness of lions to keep improving themselves.3Language Points1. On my first day, we happened upon a pride of lions resting by a lake. (1) happen upon / on: _e.g. I happened upon / on a rare book in a secondhand bookshop.【近义词组】meet up with, come across, hit on / upon(2) a pride of lions: _ a herd of cattle (deer, elephants): _a flock of sheep (goats, geese, birds): _a swarm of bees (ants, mosquitoes): _ a school of fish: _2. be fascinated by: 被吸引e.g. Ive always been fascinated by his ideas.T:_3. Although the buffalo was massive, it was easily dwarfed when all the hungry lions crowded over it for a bite.(1) massive: a. 巨大的；大量的【辨析】massive 指大的体积、数量和重量，庞大而笨重。 vast 多指空间、面积、范围的巨大，不涉及重量。 immense侧重空间的广阔，强调体积、数量或程度等，不强调重量。 enormous指大到令人吃惊、甚至不相称的程度。(2) dwarf: v. 使相形见绌；使显得过于矮小e.g. The new skyscraper will dwarf all the buildings near it.4. what really caught my eye was how each lion served as a teacher for the others. (1) 该句是一个由what引导的_从句。 (2) catch ones eye: 吸引（某人）的目光注意此处的eye使用的是单数形式来表示“ 观察力、注意力”等抽象意义。e.g. It was the unusual color of his hat that caught my eye. (3) serve as: 担任，充当e.g. Songs and music can serve as cues for pulling up particular memories.5. sneak in: 偷偷溜入e.g. I managed to sneak in through the back door.T:_6. zone in: 瞄准，集中目标e.g. We must decide on our target market, then zero in on it.T:_7. position: v. 安放，放置e.g. The company is uniquely positioned to compete in foreign markets.T:_8. have an impact on: 对有影响，对造成冲击e.g. The anti-smoking campaign had had/made quite an impact on young people.T:_9. Whether youre in a giant or a small industry, chances are, youll eventually run into someone whos connected to your future employer. (1) chances are: _e.g. No matter what you do, chances are, you need to use yourvoice most of the day.(2) run into sb: _e.g. Jim ran into someone he used to know at school the other day.10. And, just like the fragile balance in the ecosystem of the African bush, the network of people in your field can work in your favoror against it. 该句使用了类比的写法，将人际关系与大自然的平衡进行类比，体现工作中人际关系的微妙和脆弱。 (1) fragile: a.易损坏的；脆弱的e.g. The economy remains extremely fragile.【拓展】_: n. 脆弱11. Yes, that means youll have to step out of your comfort zone and attend a few networking events. (1) step out of:从走出【拓展】step out of line: 举止出格，行为欠妥e.g. His boss warned him that if he stepped out of line once more he would be fired.T:_ (2) comfort zone: 舒适区 运用隐喻（metaphor） 的修辞手法，将“熟悉的圈子”比喻为一种特定的令人感到舒服的区域。12. Animal Planet, which ranks the lion as the No. 2 predator on Earth, notes lions miss four out of every five attempts when hunting. (1) 划线部分是which引导的非限制性定语从句。 (2) Animal Planet: 动物星球，是由世界上最大的记录片制作商“探索”传播公司（Discovery）制作的，世界上第一个、也是唯一一个以动物为主角的电视频道。节目内容包括动物家庭剧、动物竞赛表演、世界级纪录片、动物明星杂志、动物纪实片、如何饲养动物等等。13. They take failures in stride, and they keep trying until they have their dinner. (1) 该句使用拟人（personification） 的修辞手法描述狮子面对失败的态度毫不气馁，不放弃努力直到获得成功的态度。(2) take sth. in stride: _e.g. When you become a politician, you soon learn to take criticism in your stride.14. Hopefully your job search will yield better results, but when youre in the trenches, its easy to let any number of failures get you down. (1) yield: v.产生e.g. The research has yielded useful information.T:_ (2) in the trenches: 在战壕之中此处使用了隐喻的修辞手法，将处于求职的状态比喻成战场的战壕。 (3) get sb. down: 使某人沮丧e.g. Dont let this failure get you down too much.15. If you dont land the job you were hoping for, approach the experience from the lions perspective.(1) approach: v. 着手处理；对付e.g. Im not sure how to approach the problem.(2) from someones perspective:_(3) e.g. From the perspective of historical development, this is a humanistic spirit.【拓展】 get / keep sth. in perspective: 合理地评价某事；正确地看待某事e.g. If you keep things in perspective you will find the overall situation isnt really that bad.16. .and youll soon find yourself enjoying the spoils of victorya new job.(1) spoils of victory:_此处使用了_的修辞手法，将找到工作比喻为收获战利品。e.g. The spoils of victory / war included mounds of treasure and gold.17. distract from: 转移注意力e.g. He tried to distract attention from his own illegal activities.18. And even once youve sealed the deal, you dont have a pass down Easy Street. (1) seal the deal: 签订合同，达成协议seal在这里可以理解成为该交易加封条，因此也是运用隐喻的修辞手法。 (2) Easy Street 是一个美国习语，意为“舒适、安逸日子”，在这里比喻找工作稳操胜券。e.g. Kim lives on easy street and can buy all the new things that make life easy.T:_19. The competition will always be there, coming up with new and creative ways to get an edge. (1) 该句中coming up with为_结构作伴随状语。 (2) get an edge on: 获得优势；胜过e.g. These guys will try absolutely anything to get an edge on their competitors.20. Working to constantly improve yourself not only makes you better at your job, but a formidable competitor, ready to pounce at the next opportunity.(1) 该句中包含一个not only but also的句式，主语是_ (2) pounce at: 攫取；猛抓e.g. A drowning person would pounce at a floating straw.复习题练习题Section Two: After Reading 1.Useful expressions1) 偶然遇见某人或某物2）被吸引3）吸引（某人）的目光4）偷偷溜入5）瞄准，集中目标6）确认交易7）对某事有影响8）对某人有帮助9）从容处理10）胜过别人11) Midway12) Get things done13) It is rare to 14) Stand out15) Highest-achieving 16) Set the terms of 17) On the ground18) Make the case for sb19) Self-critical20) Professional reinvention2. Paragraph translation.1）旅游业是近二十年来在世界各地迅速发展的一个行业，现在正引起中国公众越来越多的注意。许多人给报纸写信，就促进中国旅游业的发展提出了种种建议。人们的看法是，发展旅游业将有助于促进中国人民和其他国家人民之间的相互了解和友谊，并将有利于文化、科学、技术方面的交流。还会有助于为中国的伟大事业积累资金。 _2）The famous Italian traveler Marco Pole was so impressed by the beauty of Hangzhou that he described it as “the most fascinating city in the world where one feels that one is in paradise.” In China, there has been a century-old popular saying praising the city: In Heaven there is Paradise; On Earth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou.” Hangzhous fame lies mainly in its picturesque West Lake. As it is beautiful all the year round, the West Lake was compared by Su Dongpo, a celebrated poet of the Song Dynasty, to a beauty “who is always charming in either light or heavy makeup.” In Hangzhou, you will not only find the lake a perfect delight to the eye but also find it a joy to stroll along the busy streets, taste famous Hangzhou dishes and buy some special local products. _Section three Part I You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage .El Nino is name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange _1_ happens every five to eight years. It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds (信风)，which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in _2_, the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5.The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot, humid (潮湿的) air over the ocean causes severe _3_ thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America. _4_ floods to Peru. In the West pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and _5_.El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1982-83 El Nino brought the most _6_ weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds _7_ of damage. The 1990 El Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists _8_ this to be the longest El Nino for 2,000 years.Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an El Nino will _9_, but they are still not _10_ sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.A)estimateI)completelyB)strengthJ)destructiveC)deliberatelyK)starvationD)notifyL)bringingE)tropicalM)exhaustionF)phenomenonN)worthG)stableO)strikeH)attractionPart II Reading ComprehensionPassage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Communications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth. The first study to compare honesty across a range of communication media has fund that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails. The fact that emails are automatically recordedand can come back to haunt (困扰) youappears to be the key to the finding.Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week. In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told. Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium. He found that lies made up 14 per cent of emails, 21 per cent of instant messages, 27 per cent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 per cent of phone calls.His results to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists. Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment (非直接接触) of emailing would make it easier to lie. Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practised at that form of communication.But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time. People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says. This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone.People are also more likely to lie in real timein a instant message or phone call, saythan if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock. He found many lies are spontaneous (脱口而出的) responses to an unexpected demand, such as: “Do you like my dress?”Hancock hopes his research will help companies work our the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium foe sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth. But, given his result, work assessment where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.11.Hancocks study focuses on _.A) the consequences of lying in various communications mediaB) the success of communications technologies in conveying ideasC) people are less likely to lie in instant messagesD) peoples honesty levels across a range of communications media12.Hancocks research finding surprised those who believed that _.A) people are less likely to lie in instant messagesB) people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactionsC) people are most likely to lie in email communicationD) people are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations13.According to the passage, why are people more likely to tell the truth through certain media of communication?A) They are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies.B) They believe that honesty is the best policy.C) They tend to be relaxed when using those media.D) They are most practised at those forms of communication.14.According to Hancock the telephone is a preferable medium for promoting sales because _.A) salesmen can talk directly to their customersB) salesmen may feel less restrained to exaggerateC) salesmen can impress customers as being trustworthyD) salesmen may pass on instant messages effectively15.It can be inferred from the passage that _.A) honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communicationsB) more employers will use emails to communicate with their employeesC) suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposesD) email is now the dominant medium of communication within a companyPassage TwoQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.In a country that defines itself by ideals, not by shared blood, who should be allowed to come work and live here? In the wake of the Sept. 11 attacks these questions have never seemed more pressing.On Dec. 11, 2001, as part of the effort to increase homeland security, federal and local authorities in 14 states staged “Operation Safe Travel”raids on airports to arrest employees with false identification (身份证明). In Salt Lake City there were 69 arrests. But those captured were anything but terrorists, most of them illegal immigrants from Central or South America. Authorities said the undocumented workers illegal status made them open to blackmail (讹诈) by terrorists.Many immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated like disposable goods.Mayor Anderson said those feelings were justified to a certain extent. “Were saying we want you to work in these places, were going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are, and then when its convenient for us, or when we can try to make a point in terms of national security, especially after Sept. 11, then youre disposable. There are whole families being uprooted for all of the wrong reasons,” Anderson said.If Sept. 11 had never happened, the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone on quietly living in America, probably indefinitely. Ana Castro, a manager at a Ben & Jerrys ice cream shop at the airport had been