初中虚拟语气-陈佳.doc

中国领先的个性化教育品牌精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义年 级：初中 辅导科目：英语 课时数：3课 题虚拟语气的学习教学目的学习虚拟语气的用法教学内容精锐教育网站： - 8 - 精锐教育 考试研究院Step 1: GreetingIntroduce myself:Step2: check homework and deal with problems.Step3:知识点复习（虚拟语气）一：什么是虚拟语气？1. 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是真实的，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测；二虚拟语气用于非真实的条件句中1.虚拟语气运用于非真实的条件句,它所表示的假设是不可能或不大可能发生的。2. 真实条件句与非真实条件句的区别：真实条件句所表示的假设是可能发生或实现的，一般会运用主将从现的时态。非真实条件句所表示的假设是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，要运用虚拟语气。Eg: If I have enough money，I will buy a computer.(真实的条件句)If it rains, the Sports Meeting will be canceled.(真实的条件句)If I were you, I would study hard.(虚拟语气运用于非真实的条件句中)考题链接：The volleyball match will be put off if it _. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained三虚拟语气在非真实条件中的运用：1.与过去事实相反的非真实的条件句：Eg: If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made such a mistake. If you hadnt reminded me , I might have forgotten.If I hadnt warned you , you could have been killed.If facts had been collected earlier, we should have had more time to study them.与过去事实相反条件从句 主句If+ 主语+ had done主语+ should（would，could，might）+have done2.与现在事实相反的非真实条件句：Eg: If we left now, we should arrive in good time.If I were you, I would refuse the money.If you loved me, you wouldnt say that.If I were a boy, I would join the army. 与现在事实相反条件从句 主句if + 主语 + 动词过去式（或were）主语+should（would，could，might）+动词原形3与将来事实相反的非真实的条件句：Eg: If it rained tomorrow, I should stay at home. If I were to do it, I would do it another way. If he should see me, he would know me.与将来事实相反条件从句主句If+ 主语+ 动词过去式If+ 主语+ were to + 动词原形If+ 主语+ should do主语+should(would, could, might) + do四非真实条件句中虚拟语气的倒装条件从句可以省去连词if，而将谓语中的过去式were，had,或should等移至主语之前。Eg: If I were at school again, I would study harder.Were I at school again, I would study harder. If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus._If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing._If it were not for the snowy weather, we would be all right._五不用if引导的条件从句非真实条件句的条件从句除了用if引导外，还可用when, unless, lest, as if, for fear ,in case, on condition等词语来引导。Eg: Unless I were well, I wouldnt be at work.Take some more money with you in case you should need it.He can use the car on condition that he should return it tomorrow.注意：上述词语引导的条件从句也可用直陈语气，表可能实现或发生的事情。六名词性从句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气除了运用于条件句即状语从句，还可运用于名词性从句中。1. 主语从句中的虚拟语气: 从句的谓语用 (should) + do 或 should + have done2. It is(was) + 某些词+ that + （should）do哪些词？ necessary， desirable, advisable, strange, impossible,natural suggested,ordered, proposed, required, demanded,requested, insisted a pity, a shame, no wonderEg: Its natural that she should do so.It is important that we should make full of our resources.It is necessary that the work should be done.It is suggested that the question should be discussed at the meeting.It is strange that he should have gone away without telling us.(竟然)2.宾语从句中的虚拟语气wish后引导的宾从句一般用虚拟语气，表示一种愿望。Eg: I wish I knew this address.I wish I were as strong as you .I wish prices would come down.She wished she had known it before.wish后面宾语从句中谓语的形式意义过去时宾语从句的动作与wish同时过去完成时宾语从句的动作先于wishcould/would/might+动词原形，即过去将来时宾语从句的动作后于wishwould rather， would sooner等也可表示愿望，但他们的宾语从句常常用虚拟过去式Eg: I would rather you came tomorrow than today.I would sooner you did it.作为demand，suggest，propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire等动词的宾语，(should) do + that归纳：一坚持insist 二命令order， command， 三建议suggest，advise，propose 四要求require, request,ask, demandEg: He suggested that we should leave early.3. 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.（表语从句）I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.（同位语从句）考题链接：用虚拟语气填空：1.If Jane _(receive) this letter, she _(be) happy.2.Do you think that man _lend me his bike if I _ask him yesterday.3.You_(speak)English fluently if you _(practice) it again and again.4.If Andy _(be) an honest man, he_(not say) things like that.5.It_(be) better if he _(not go) there.选择填空：1.I_try it again if I _you.A. will, am B. should, am C. would, were. D. would, had been2.If it _not for the water, the plants _live.A. were, would not. B. is; could not C. were; could D. did, could not3.If I _that chance to show my ability, I _the president of this school.A. have not had, could not become B. had not had; would not have becomeC. did not have; could not become D. doesnt have ;will not become4.If it _not your help, I _that hard time with so little money.A. were not, would not spend B. is not, can not spendC. had not been, would not have spent D. have not been, will not spend5.If your teacher _this matter neat week, she_ blame you.A. could know; will B.knew; would C. knew; will D. knows; may6. _ to do the work, I should do it some other day.A. If were IB. I wereC. Were ID. Was I7. Most insurance agents would rather you _ anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation. A. do B. dont C. didnt D. didnt do8. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. Had the ca