薛金-GRE填空题的答题技巧.docx

GRE填空题的答题技巧按题型进行新GRE填空突破。新GRE填空题型分为两种，一种是2-3个空，各3个选项;另一种是1个空，5个选项。新GRE填空题相当于短阅读，不仅测试的是考生对词汇的精确理解和辨析能力，更重要的是要考察考生对句子结构的把握和对逻辑关系的推断，从这方面出发掌握GRE填空技巧。(1) 单空单选：这种题目跟现行的句子填空类型完全一样，且限定题干只有一个空格，答案为五个选项中选择一个符合空格的正确选项。例1：Far from viewing Jefferson as a skeptical but enlightened intellectual, historians of the 1960s portrayed him as _ thinker, eager to fill the young with his political orthodoxy while censoring ideas he did not like.an adventurousa doctrinairean eclectica judiciousa cynical此题解答有两种途径，一是从Far from体现的转折关系入手，空格应该体现和skeptical but enlightened的含义相反的意思，故a doctrinaire符合要求;一是从eager to入手，空格应该体现“渴望给年轻人灌输政治正统思想”的意思，答案仍然是“教条主义者”。显然，单空单选题的解方法是我们所熟悉和了解的，即从阅读和逻辑分析的角度入手，分析与空格相关的内容或者逻辑关系，从而推断空格所填词汇的含义或者感情色彩等。一般来说，当题目只有一个空格的时候，题目的难度不会很大，因为单一的逻辑关系比较容易辨别和推断，对考生而言，障碍仅仅在句子阅读和词汇的选择上。(2) 单空双选：这类题目在单空单选的基础上增加了一个选项，即每题一共有6个候选答案，但是要求考生选出两个符合空格要求的正确答案。很显然，被选出的答案应该是一组同义词或近义词，甚至是两个意思接近或感情色彩相同的词汇。例2：A restaurants menu is generally reflected in its dcor; however, despite this restaurants _ appearance it is pedestrian in the menu it offers.A. elegant B. tawdry C. modern D. traditional E. conventional F. chic此题解答过程并不复杂，首先“despite”体现了对比转折的逻辑关系，因此空格要体现出和“pedestrian(一般的，平淡的)”相对的含义，因此A和F为正确答案。单空双选题和单空单选题在解答的思路上基本类似，唯一的差别在于单空双选题还需要进行一次同义词辨析。那么，是否存在这样的可能，即直接看选项来选择一组同义词就是正确答案的呢?笔者认为，从ETS的命题思路来看，这样的情况几乎不可能出现，因为ETS在填空题中不可能孤立地测试词汇，而一定是以逻辑测试为主体的。如果直接通过词汇判断就能解答题目的话，那ETS综合测试词汇应用和逻辑应用的目的就不可能达到了。正如例2中一样，如果单纯考虑同义词，D和E也是可以的，但是它们不符合句子中的逻辑关系，所以不能成为正确答案。(3) 多空多选：这类题目是在现行句子填空中的双空题基础上改编而来的，但是和现行考试的题目相比，多空多组选题目的句子更长，所给的提示信息更多，逻辑关系更加容易判断。但是，由于选项被独立分组设置，空格之间的组合情况变得更多，所以考生在选择答案的时候难度显然增大了。例3：There has been much hand-writing about how unprepared American students are for college. Graff reverses this perspective, suggesting that colleges are unprepared for students. In his analysis, the university culture is largely (i)_ entering students because academic culture fails to make connections to the kinds of arguments and cultural references that students grasp. Understandably, many students view academic life as (ii)_ ritual.Blank (i)primed foropaque toessential forBlank (ii)an arcanea laudablepainstaking此题两个空格是孤立的，可以分别通过与各自相关的逻辑关系来进行推断。空格(i)可以通过第一、二句话的描述来进行推断，同时也可以用“because academic culture fails to make connections to the kinds of arguments and cultural references that students grasp”进行推断，表示的是对学生来说“unprepared”的意思，即负面的评价，所以答案为“opaque to”。同理，空格(ii)也要表明学生对学术生活“不理解”的态度，因此答案为“an arcane(known or knowable only to the initiate)”。 例4：Most artists maintain an attitude of (i)_ toward their own work. They know, better than any critic would know, how their art (ii)_ their ambitions. The artist would demand of his admirer, Do you really think this is the best I am capable of? Henri Cartier-Bressons dismissal of his lifes work in photography, however, is (iii)_: it seems almost contempt, or even hatred, not just for his achievement but for the medium itself.Blank (i)extraordinary hubrisirremediable disdain;healthy disrespectBlank (ii)falls far short ofeventually transcendssubtly realizesBlank (iii)entirely comprehensionat another level altogetherat odds with his achievement此题为包含三个空格，但是和例3不同的是它的空格不再是孤立的，而是存在相互的逻辑关系。首先从空格(ii)后的句子可以看出，艺术家对自己的能力是不确定的，是怀疑的，所以空格(ii)应该体现出对“ambitions”的不确信和怀疑，即负面动作。因此，空格(ii)答案为“falls far short of”。此时，空格(i)应该和空格(ii)体现同样的含义，即“对自己的能力缺乏信心”，因此“healthy disrespect”为正确答案。空格(iii)则是相对孤立的，由它前面的“however”可以看出，空格(iii)要体现和前面两个空格相对的含义，所以“at another level altogether”为正确答案。由上