人教版高一英语导学案unit4 earthquake(language points部分).doc

高一英语导学案 Unit 4Earthquakes Language Points(3课时)Learning Aims: Master the useful words and expressions.1.Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. imagine: form a mental picture imagine + n. /pron. imagine sb. to be Imagine yourself to be on a desert island.设想一下你身处荒岛的情形。right away: at once; in no time; immediatelyright now: at this very momentMake up your mind right now.Ill return the book right away.2.In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农家大院里，鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不想进食。 He is too excited to speak. 他太激动了，说不出话来。 They reached the station too late to catch the train. 他们到火车站太迟了，没赶上火车。 以上句式用了too.to结构，意思为“太而不能”，表示否定意义。但是当 too.to.用来修饰表示态度、情绪、倾向等的形容词时，如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing等，不定式为肯定意义。 He remarked he was too delighted to visit our city. 他说他很高兴访问我市。 (1)这个箱子太重，提不起来。 _ The box is too heavy to lift (2)老师们很乐意接受对他们的教学方法提出的建议。Teachers are too glad to accept the suggestions on their teaching method.3.In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂了。 He felt he would burst with anger and shame. 他恼羞成怒，都要气炸了。 The dam burst under the weight of water. 大坝在水的巨大压力下溃决了。 He burst into the room without knocking. 他没敲门就闯进了屋子。 The sun burst through the clouds. 太阳破云而出。 The words burst from her in an angry rush. 她脱口说出了那一堆气话。 There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间突然爆发出一阵笑声。 burst既是名词也是动词，意为“爆炸；猛冲；爆发；突然出现”。 burst into突然闯入，突然起来，后接名词 burst into tears/laughter突然哭/笑起来 burst into a room(闯)进房间 burst out突然开始，后接v.ing形式；(战争、疾病等)突然发生(break out) burst out crying/laughing突然哭/笑起来 burst in突然插嘴，打断谈话；突然来到 (1)He suddenly burst into tears/burst out crying (哭了起来). (2)The audience burst into cheers/burst out cheering (爆发了一阵欢呼声). (3)The war burst out/broke out (爆发).4.It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！ You look/looked as if you had seen a ghost. 你的神色看起来像撞到鬼了。 He looks as if he were an artist. 看上去他好像是个艺术家似的。 She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America. 她讲英语很流利，就像在美国学习过似的。 It seems as if its going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨了。 It seemed as if he wasnt satisfied with your work. 看来他好像对你的工作不满意。 as if系从属连词，意为“好像”。根据情况，as if从句中可使用真实语气，如例句， 表示事实如此；从句也可用虚拟语气，如例句，表示事实并非如此。as if从句表示的动作如果指现在的动作，从句的谓语用一般过去时(be用were)；如果表示过去的动作，从句中用过去完成时；如果指将来，则用would动词原形。 as if从句的主语如果和主句的主语一致，同时从句的谓语中含有be的某种形式，这时可以把从句的主语和be省去，后面保留介词短语、分词短语或不定式短语等形式。 He shook his head as if to say “No”.他摇了摇头，似乎想说“不”。 When he had finished，he waited as if for a reply. 讲完后，他等着，仿佛在等一个答复。 He looked around as if for help. 他环视四周，好像在寻求帮助。 (1)It seems as if she the novel but in fact shes never heard of it at all.A. had read B. has readC. read D. would read(2)The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction.A. seeing B. having seenC. to see D. to have seen (3)Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it yesterday.A. was happening B. happensC. has happened D. happened5.Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.三分之二的人在地震中受伤或死去。 I was injured in a street accident. 我在一次车祸中受了伤。 John fell off the tree and injured his back. 约翰从树上摔下来把背部摔伤了。 injure，词性为动词，意为“损害，伤害”。 injury n.伤害，损伤 injured adj.受伤的 the injured受伤的人；伤员(表示一类人) injure，hurt，wound，harm (1)injure多指造成容颜、机能的损害；在事故中受伤。 (2)hurt一般指精神上或肉体上受到伤害，有强烈的疼痛感。 (3)wound指(人)在战斗、攻击中受伤。 (4)harm常用于口语，一般用作及物动词，表示“对有害/损害.”用injure，hurt，wound，harm的适当形式填空。 （1） You will harm your health by smoking too much. （2） His words hurt her feelings（3）It hurts the eyes to read in the sun.（4）More than 200 people were injured in the car accident.（5）The soldiers were wounded in the battle.6.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就沦为了废墟。 She poured water over my painting and ruined it. 她把水浇在我的画上，将画毁掉了。 We visited the ruins of the temple. 我们参观了那个庙宇的遗迹。 The castle is now in ruins. 城堡现在已成废墟。 ruin动词或名词，意为“毁灭，毁坏”，其复数形式ruins意为“废墟，遗迹”，in ruins意为“成为废墟”。 bring sb. to ruin毁灭某人 come/go to ruin毁灭 The fire left the temple . A.ruin B.in ruin C.ruins D.in ruins 7.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.所见之处，几乎一切都被毁了。 His dog follows him everywhere he goes. 无论到哪里，他那条狗总跟着他。 I cant find my pen though Ive looked everywhere. 我到处找那支钢笔，可就是找不到。 Everywhere seemed silent. 万籁俱寂。 Fire destroyed the forest. 大火烧毁了森林。 The heavy storms destroyed a good part of our crops. 几场暴雨把大部分庄稼都毁坏了。 destroy，damage，ruin (1)destroy指彻底的损坏，常含不能或很难修复的意思。destroy可接人，也可以接物。 (2)damage损坏，毁坏，指部分损坏，降低某物的价值。damage通常接物。 (3)ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也不是一次打击的结果。常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。 用destroy，damage，ruin的适当形式填空 (1)What left the town in ruins? (2)The fire destroyed heir houses and they became homeless. (3)The fire did great damage to the town.8.Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake. More than 61% of the surface of the earth is covered by water.Seventy percent of the workers in this factory are young.以百分数作为主语的，谓语动词是单数还是复数取决于百分数后面跟的名词是可数还是不可数的。请根据提示完成下列句子。（1） One-third (三分之一) of the students in our class are (be) girls.（2） Three-fifths (五分之三) of the soil was washed (wash) away by the flood last night.（3） Half (一半) of the desks in this school are made(make) in his company.（4） Most(大部分的) of the lecture he made yesterday was (be) interesting.（5）Tens of thousands of(数万) people are dancing(dance) in the big square now.（6） There were ten thousand(一万) students taking part in the exam yesterday.（7） 90% / 90 percent(百分之九十) of the mountain is covered (cover) by trees.9.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些医生和营救人员被困在了废墟下。 The lifeboat was sent out to rescue the sailors from the sinking ship. 救生艇被派出去救沉船上的水手。 The rescue team came to the visitors rescue on the island. 救援队去营救岛上的游客。 The car was trapped in the deep snow. 车陷在深雪中了。 I was trapped into signing a confession. 我被诱骗在供词上签了字。 rescue，名词或动词，意为“营救”，rescue sb.from.意为“从中把人救出来”； the rescue team意为“救援队”；come/go to sb.s rescue意为“营救某人”。be trapped in/by.意为“困在中”；trap o doing sth./sth.意为“诱骗某人做某事”。 be caught inbe stuck inbe trapped in均意为“困在中”。 (1)The soldiers have tried to go to rescue in the lake.A.the boy B.theirC.the D.the boys (2)The girl cried because she the elevator.A.has trapped in B.had trapped byC.was trapped with D.was trapped in 10.All hope was not lost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。 Not all the answers are right. All the answers are not right. 并非所有的答案都对。 Not every boy likes football. Every boy does not like football. 并不是每个男孩都喜欢足球。 Both of them dont like English. 他们俩并不都喜欢英语。 以上例句在意义上都表示部分否定，译为“并不是所有的都；两者不都”；其构成条件是notall/every/both.或all/every/both.not。 “all，every，both等全肯定词not谓语动词”或“notall，every，both等全肯定词谓语动词”构成部分否定。所谓全肯定词，是指含有全体意义的代词与副词，常见的有： all，both，always，every(everybody，everyone，everything，everywhere)等。如果表示全部否定，要分别用none，neither，never，no，nobody，nothing，nowhere。 Neither of them is doctors.他们俩都不是医生。 No boy likes football. 没有一个男孩喜欢足球。英汉互译。 (1)All men here are not honest. 这儿的人并非都诚实。 (2) 兄弟俩并不都喜欢这部电影。 Both of the brothers dont like the film (3) 他并非每件事情都顺利。Not everything went well with him. (4)I never get up late.我从不晚起床_ (5) 我的朋友都不吸烟。 None of my friends smoke _ (6)Nothing is needed. 什么都不需要11. To the north of the city，most of the 10，000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there.在城市的北部，有一个有万名矿工的煤矿，其中多数人得救了。 To the south of the mountain，there is a river.在山的南面有一条河。 To the east of the village lies a factory.村东有个工厂。 East of the town is a tower.城东有个塔。 在例中，to the south of the mountain在句中作状语。在例中，表示方位的to the east of the village置于句首，本句用了倒装结构，该短语也可省略为像例的east of the village形式。 方位词位于句首时，常用句式为：(To the)East/West.动词主语。 stands a tower. A.To east of the hill B.The east of the hill C.In the east of the hill D.East of the hill12.This frightened boy whose mother was lost.is looking for her now.那个受了惊吓的男孩正在找走失的妈妈。 Dont stand so near the well.You are frightening me. 别站得离井这么近，你吓死我了。 The frightened girl hid herself behind the big tree. 这个吓坏了的小女孩藏在了大树后。 I still remember the frightening experience on the lonely island. 我依然记得在那个偏僻的岛上的骇人的经历。 frighten，及物动词，意为“使惊吓，使害怕”；frightened，形容词，意为“吓坏的，害怕的”；frightening，词性形容词，意为“令人害怕的”。 fright n.惊吓，害怕 用frighten的适当形式填空 (1)Its frightening to think how easily children can be hurt. (2)There was a frightening storm last night. (3)Dont be frightened. Were not going to hurt you. (4)Some of the children cried out in fright.(5)The young lady was frightened to drive alone.13.Congratulations！ We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.恭喜你！我们很高兴地告诉你，你在以新唐山为主题的演讲比赛中获得第一名。 Congratulations! I hear youve passed the examinations. 祝贺你！听说你通过考试了。 Please accept my congratulations on your marriage. 请接受我对您的新婚祝贺。 Congratulations on the success to you! 祝贺你，你成功了！ congratulation，词性名词，常用其复数形式表达祝贺；“祝贺某人某事”表达为congratulations on sth.to sb.。 congratulate v.祝贺 congratulate sb. on sth.祝贺某人某事 我祝贺你成功。 (1)I congratulate you on your success. (2)_ Congratulations on your success.14.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.评委会的五个评委听了你的演讲，都认为你的演讲是今年最好的。 The judge thought highly of your speech. 这个裁判对你的演讲高度评价。 Dont judge a person by his appearance.不要以貌取人。 judge，名词，意为“裁判员，法官”；也可作动词，意为“断定，判决”。 judge.by/from.意为“根据判断”。 judging by/from.意为“从来判断”，在句中作插入语，不受句子主语的限制。 Judging from his accent，he comes from Shandong. 从口音判断，他来自山东。 Judging by his look，he wasnt pleased. 从表情上看他不高兴。 (1)Dont judge a book its cover.A.from B.aboutC.for D.with (2) from his words，his work is going well.A. Judge B. To judgeC. Judged D. Judging课堂检测 单项选择。( )1. -What was the film like yesterday? -It was wonderful. I think it is _ worth seeing a second time.A. very B. more C. much D. well( )2. Even now I still dont know why she _ at such good news.A. burst into tear B. burst into laughing C. burst out crying D. burst out laugh( )3. The 12 million people in Mexico City woke up on September 19th, 1985 to find their city _ after the terrible quake.A. in trouble B. in ruins C. out of work D. at midnight( )4. If you go on doing so, youll _ yourself sooner or later.A. damage B. destroy C. ruin D. break( )5. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good_.A. to be breathed B. to breath C. breathing D. being breathed( )6. He sent me an e-mail, _ to get further information about my wedding ceremony.A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope( )7. Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _ he had done something very clever.A. as if B. in case C. while D. though( )8. _ of the hand in that district _ covered with tall trees and green grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are( )9. Claire had her luggage _ an hour before her plane left. A. check B. checking C. to check D. checked( )10. After that we never saw her again, nor _ from her.A. did we hear B. we heard C. had we heard D. we have heard( )11. -How do you find the concert in Beijing Grand Theater last night? - _, but the conductor performed very well.A. It couldnt be better B. I really like itC. Im crazy about it D. I think little of it( )12. -I was worried about math, but Mr. Brown gave me an A!- _. Thats a difficult course.A. Have a good luck. B. Not really C. Congratulations! D. You do?完形填空。Earthquake are 1 ; thousands of them happen each day. But most are too weak to feel. During a big earthquake, there is often a great noise first. Then the earth 2 terribly; many houses fall down. Railway tracks break and trains go 3 lines; a great many factories are 4 ;thousands of deaths are caused ,and many more lose homes 5 the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake itself, other disasters such as fires often 6 .More buildings are destroyed and more 7 are caused. It is well know of the 8 of a possible earthquake, and for centuries