各种信 证明 公证书 委托书 翻译 全.doc

第十二章 日常应用文的翻译英文书信通常由下列五个部分组成： A 信头（ Heading ） 信头包括写信人地址和写信日期，通常写在信笺的右上角。在比较熟识的朋友之间的通信，写信人的地址常可略去。本课的信头就只写了写信日期，而没有写信人的地址。日期通常有下列两种定法： （ a ）月、日、年：如 August 15, 200_（ b ）日、月、年：如 15th august, 200_地址的写法通常是由小到大，如：门牌号、街道名、市（县）名、省名、国名（邮政编码通常写在城市名之后）。这同中文书信的地址写法完全相反。地址可以写 1 3 行，日期写在地址的下方（见信笺格式）。 B 称呼（ Salutation ） 称呼指写信人对收信人的称呼，如 Dear Xiaojun ，写在信头的下方和信笺的左边。称呼一般用 Dear 或 My dear 开头，称呼后一般用逗号。 C 正文（ Body ） 这是书信的主体部分，即写信人要表达的内容。正文要求文字通顺，层次分明，表意清楚。可以手书，也可以打写。 D 结束语（ Complimentary Close ） 它是书信结尾的恭维话，相当于文中书信最后的 “ 祝好 ” 、 “ 致礼 ” 之类的话语。 “Best wishes” （致以最好的祝愿）就是结束语。 E 签名（ Signature ） 签名通常签在结束语下方的中间偏右的位置，签名应是亲笔书写，即使是打写机打出的信件，最后仍需亲笔签名。在签名的上方可根据写信人和收信人的关系写上 Sincerely yours/Yours sincerely （用于长辈或朋友之间），或 Respectfully yours/Yours respectfully （用于对长辈或上级）第一节 社交信件的翻译社交信件种类很多，根据其不同作用和用途，可分为馈赠信、答谢信、祝贺信、慰问信、吊唁信、道歉信和邀请信（或请柬）等。一、 馈赠信写这类信用词要诚恳、热情。常见的形式有两种：一种比较正式，用第三人称；一种比较简便，写法与普通信件相同。翻译时应注意保留原文风格。1赠字典 Presenting a dictionaryDear Miss Clark,Allow me to present you with a copy of “The Chinese-English Dictionary” published by Commercial Publishing House. I know you are studying Chinese now, and hope you will find it useful. It is a trifle gift. But I hope you will accept it as a small token of my gratitude for your continual kindness.Truly yours,亲爱的克拉克小姐：请允许我奉上商务出版社出版的汉英词典一本。我知道您正在学习汉语，希望该书对您能有些帮助。区区微物，聊表心意。此致敬礼！2答谢赠词典 Thanks for presenting the dictionaryDear Mr. Brown,Many thanks for a copy of “The Chinese-English Dictionary”. I am very much pleased with it, for it is such a good reference book to me.Thank you again for your nice gift.Yours ever,亲爱的布朗先生：承蒙惠赠汉英词典，甚为感谢。它是一本极好的参考书，我非常喜欢。再次致谢。此致敬礼！二、答谢信1. 感谢帮助 A note of thanks for ones helpDear William:Thank you very much for your kind letter of October 15, 2004, concerning my pro-ject.It was good of you to come to my assistance, and I appreciate your generosity. Your aid will be invaluable in helping me accomplish my objectives. If I can reciprocate at any time, please be sure to call on me.Thanks again for your courtesy.Cordially,亲爱的威廉：感谢您2004年10月15日就我研究项目的来信。您的慷慨令我感到钦佩，而且您的帮助将为我达到我的目标，起到不可估量的作用。如果将来我能为您做些什么，请直言。再次感谢您的好意。2. 感谢别人的指教 A note of thanks for ones guidanceDear Professor Jackson:It is just two months since I consulted with you about choosing my job and I want to assure you that I appreciate your help.Your advice has been invaluable, and I have followed the course you recommended, with gratifying results. I took the job, and consider it the wisest step I could have taken.I would like to express my gratitude, along with my very best wishes.Cordially,亲爱的杰克逊教授： 自从上次向您请教工作选择问题至今已两个月了，非常感谢您的指教。您提的建议十分宝贵，我按照您说的做了以后，收效甚佳。我选择了那份工作，并认为这是我所能作出的最明智的选择。我愿在此向您表示感谢，并献上良好的祝愿。您真诚的，XX亲爱的马兰： 非常感谢你的热情招待。 你们家很舒适，饭菜很新鲜，现在想起来仍回味无穷。 请接受我诚挚的感谢和最美好的祝愿。你的静静Dear Ma Lan: Thank you very much for your warm hospitality Your home was lovely and your meals were delectable. Im still thinking about it and enjoying it in retrospect.Please accept my sincere thanks and best wishes.Yours,Jingjing三、祝贺信 在西方，得知朋友订婚、结婚、生孩子、升职都要写信祝贺。祝贺信如同一般的简短书信，可长可短，格式上无特别的要求，但翻译时应做到：真诚、自然、亲切动人。内容上可尽情发挥。1. 祝贺朋友大学毕业 Congratulations on graduationDear Mr. Li:I learned from Wang Ying that you were graduated with high honors from Qing Hua University yesterday. I can well imagine how proud of you your parents are now, who have been anxiously hoping to witness your brilliant success. As I understand, you will continue studies in the United States soon. I wish you greater success in your studies and research work.With best wishes,Yours sincerely,亲爱的李先生：从王英处得悉你以优异的成绩毕业于清华大学，我可以想像，你的父母现在是怎样地引以为荣。他们一直殷切地希望你获得辉煌的成就。我听说你不久要到美国去继续深造。预祝你在学习和研究工作上取得更大的成就。2. 祝贺新年 A letter extending New Year greetingsDear Mr. Barton:As the New Year is quickly approaching, I take this opportunity to send my greetings and best wishes to you for 2005.I hope that the coming year will bring a further increase in exchange of culture between our two countries and we look forward to continued friendly relations with you.Yours faithfully,亲爱的巴顿先生：值此2005年即将到来之际，我谨向你致以最良好的祝愿和问候。我希望，在新的一年里我们两国之间的文化交流有进一步的增加，并希望我们与你们之间的友好关系继续下去。亲爱的姐姐： 听到小豆豆出生的消息，我感到无比的高兴。我想象得出你们对你们的小宝贝一定会感到十分的骄傲。在此请接受我对你们俩最诚挚的祝贺。小霞Dear Sister:I was so pleased to receive the news of the birth of little Doudou. I can imagine how proud you and your husband must be of your little baby.Please accept my sincere congratulations to you both.Xiao Xia四、慰问信慰问信应写得真切，注意措辞，对轻病或者小损失，慰问信应写得轻松一些。相反，对严重病情或重大损失，信就应该写得深沉一些。翻译时应该体现出真诚和关怀。1. 问候朋友的母亲 Inquiring after the health of a friends motherDear Mr. Wang,I felt very sorry indeed when I heard of your mothers illness, and am anxious to know how she is of late. Under a separate cover I am sending her a box of assorted biscuits with my best regards.Sincerely yours亲爱的王先生：听说您的母亲身体欠安，深表忧虑。不知令堂近况如何，实为惦念。随信另寄上什锦饼干一盒，并致以最良好的问候。您忠诚的吴洋2. 慰问丧偶的朋友 A letter of inquiring to those who lost their husband or wifeDear Mrs. Harper,I would like to express my sorrow at the recent death of your husband.In the long time it was my privilege to enjoy Professor of Harpers friendship. I found him a since and helpful associate, with whom it was a pleasure to work.The knowledge that my thoughts are with you at his time will, I hope, be of some comfort to you.Truly yours亲爱的哈珀女士：获悉你的丈夫最近逝世的消息，深表遗憾。长期以来，能与哈珀教授保持友谊是我的荣幸。哈珀教授是一位我最乐于与其一道工作的忠实而有帮助的朋友。但愿我此时的问候，能给您带来一些安慰。五、吊唁信例子 May 15, 2005（1）Dear Miss Barbara,Please accept my deepest sympathy on the death of your mother.I can well appreciate what a great loss this must be to you. Sincerely yours, Paul译文亲爱的巴巴拉小姐：在您母亲去世之际，请接受我的最深切的慰问。我非常理解这件事对您是多么大的损失。 您真诚的 保罗 2005年5月15日悼某人丧亲属（On the Death of a Relative）（2）当友人的亲属去世时，写一封简短的吊唁信是一种友爱、关心的表示。你可以写几句称赞逝者的话，也可以简单地表示同情和慰问。 June 11, 2005Dear Mr. Forrest,Word of the recent death of your brother has just come to me, and I hasten to offer condolences.I had the privilege of knowing your brother in years past, and I realize your great loss. He was a fine and brilliant man, and he will not be forgotten by the many who admired and respected him.Please convey my sympathy and my warm personal regards to all your family. Cordially yours, Jack译文亲爱的弗雷斯特先生：惊悉您哥哥最近逝世的消息，特此吊唁。多年前我有幸结识您哥哥，因此我知道他的逝世是您的巨大损失。他是一位高尚的、出类拔萃的人。那些钦佩他、尊敬他的人是不会忘记他的。请向您全家转达我的慰问以及亲切的问候。 您热诚的杰克2005年6月11日六、道歉信因过失或疏忽做错了事，给别人带来了麻烦或损失，发觉后要立即写信给对方赔礼道歉，这是一种礼貌。这类信要翻译得坦率，诚恳。1. 因迟复来信致歉 Because of answering ones letter late Dear David:I am afraid that you will think me unpardonably negligent in not having answered your letter dated 7, December sooner, but when I have told you the reason, I trust you will be convinced that the neglect was excusable. When your letter arrived, I was just in Hong Kong. As my family could not forward it to me during my absence, it has been, therefore, lying on my desk until the moment when I took it up. Now the first thing I have to hasten to do is to write to you these few lines to express my deep regret.I enjoyed many pleasant sights during my trip. I shall be pleased to give you an account to of them when I see you next.Yours,亲爱的戴维：请原谅我收到您12月7日的来信后迟迟未复，现将原因告诉您，相信您一定会谅解的。您的来信到来时，我正巧在香港，家人无法及时转递。你的信一直放在我写字台上，直到我回到才看见，拖至今天才回信，深表歉意。这次出去旅行饱览了许多美丽景色，下次见到您时，将告诉您一切。祝好！2. 因遗失借书致歉 Because of losing a borrowed bookDear Frank:I am terribly sorry to tell you that I have lost the valuable book you were so kind to lend me last week. I read it everyday and intended to finish it next month. Last night when I came to my room, it was nowhere to be found. I will try to recover it as soon as possible. If I fail to find it, I will get a new book for you.But I am afraid it can never take the place of the old one. Old books are like old friends. Once lost, they can never be replaced. They are connected with cherished associations which the new ones can never have. And for this irrecoverable loss, I am to blame. I was so careless with my things. This is a warning to me to be more careful in the future.Yours truly,亲爱的弗兰克：很抱歉，上星期您借给我的那本书竟遗失了。我每天都在看，准备下个月看完。昨晚我回到我的卧室，到处也找不到那本书。我将尽力找到它。万一找不到，我只好买一本新的还您。但是，新书恐怕不能代替那本旧书吧！旧书跟旧友一样，一旦失去就不能再得。旧书与往事相连，这种不可弥补的损失，皆由我起。我对待一切太大意了，这次给我一个警告，叫我以后要小心。七、邀请信 邀请信包括宴会、舞会、晚餐、聚会、婚礼等各种邀请信件，形式上大体分为两种：一种为正规的格式 (formal correspondence)，亦称请柬；一种是非正式格式 (informal correspondence), 即一般的邀请信。邀请信是在形式上不如请柬那样正规，但也是很考究。1. 邀请参加新厂开工典礼 Invitation to opening ceremony of new factoryDear Mr. Harrison:Our new factory will be commencing production on April 10 and we should like to invite you and your wife to be present at a celebration to mark the occasion.As you will appreciate this is an important milestone for this organization, and is the result of continued demand for our products, both at home and overseas. We are inviting all those individuals and trust that you will pay us the compliments of accepting.Please confirm that you will be able to attend by advising us of your time we can arrange for you to be met. All arrangements for your stay overnight on April 10 will, of course, be made by us at our expense.Yours faithfully,亲爱的哈里森先生：本公司新厂将于4月10日开始投产，希望能邀请贤伉俪来参加新厂开工典礼。如您所知，新厂的设立是本公司的一个里程碑，而这正是海内外对本公司产品不断需求的结果。我们邀请了所有对本公司的成功贡献一切力量的个人，我们相信，您一定会赏光。如您确能参加，请来函告知您抵达的时间 以便我们为您安排会晤。当然，所有安排您在10日晚间夜宿的费用，皆将由公司代您支付。2. 邀请参加招待会 An invitation for a receptionDear Mr. Smith:It would give me/us great pleasure to have your presence at a reception in honor of the Chinese delegation.The reception will be held in the the City Hall, on Tuesday, October the fourth. Cocktails will be served promptly at six to be followed b dinner at eight.I/We sincerely hope you can attend. Let me/us know. Sincerely yours亲爱的史密斯先生：如您能够出席为中国代表团而举行的招待会，我（们）将感到十分荣幸。招待会定于10月4日（星期二）在市政厅举行。6点钟准时举行鸡犬不宁尾酒会， 随之在8点钟举行正式的晚宴。我（们）期待着您的光临。请提前通知您能否出席。3，邀请参加化妆舞会Dec.28, 20005 Dear Julie, If you meet a witch or a ghost on the way here in New Years Eve, dont be alarmed! Theyll just be guests on their way to our masquerade. Id like you and your brother Bob to come. You can dress here if you like, or you can come all dressed and masked so that nobody recognizes you. I think thats more fun! Come at seven, Julie. Therell be dancing until eleven, and a buffet supper afterward. I hope that both you and Bob can make it. With Love, Anita译文亲爱的朱丽娅： 如果元旦晚上在来这里的途中遇到一个“巫婆”，或一个“鬼怪”，请别惊慌，那一定是前来参加我们化装舞会的客人。 希望您和您弟弟鲍勃同来参加。如果你愿意，可以在这里更衣，也可以来时穿好化装的衣服，戴好假面具，这样，谁也认不出你们了。我想，那样会更有趣。 朱丽娅，请你在七点钟到达。舞会在十一点结束，然后吃自助夜餐。希望您和鲍勃光临。 您亲爱的 安妮塔 2005年12月28日亲爱的王教授： 我们非常荣幸地邀请您出席1996年7月10 日于山东大学外语学院举行的英语教学会议，探讨英语教学存在的各种问题。我们期待着您的光临，请通知我们您能否到会。 此致敬礼王王敏Dear Professor Wang,It would give us great pleasure to have your presence at a meeting of English language teaching scheduled for July 10th, 1996 at the Foreign Languages College of Shandong University to discuss various problems in English language teaching.We sincerely hope you can attend. Please let us know if you can make it. Cordially, Wang Min第二节 事务应用文的翻译事务应用文种类繁多，下面介绍几种常用的日常事务应用文。一、 事务书信1. 推荐信推荐信在西方国家是求职，求学的必备材料。写推荐信的人必须对被推荐者有一定的了解。最好有较深的资历。如被推荐者的原单位领导，本专业的专家等，名声越大越好。推荐信大体上可分为两种：专业推荐信（特意为被推荐人申请某一单位的某一职务而写的。写信人应了解聘方的要求、工作性质等有关情况以便有的方矢地推荐被荐人）。通常推荐信（即一封信可以用于不同的聘人单位，通常以“To Whom it May Concern”）为称呼。推荐信要多写优点，充分肯定成绩，篇幅不宜过长，也不能三方两语。一般包括以下三个内容：1说明推荐人与被荐人的关系，熟识程度等。2概述被荐人的品质、能力、性格等。3建议招聘人录用。推荐信上应提供推荐人的工作单位、地址、电话等以便对方联系，签名后必须注意职称或学衔。除了请别人推荐，也可以自荐，其格式与上述要求相同。翻译时应注意用朴实的汉语组织译文1 推荐他人To whom concerned，xx has passed the entrance examination to NO.8 middle school of dalian, 2005. He(she) is one of the best students who always study intensively, with his elementary knowledge trustworthy, and the ability of founding and solving problem, self studying, cooperation with teachers and students. Hes(shes) always obliging. he(she) performed perfectly during the high school period, especially on maths and English. Besides, he(she) is a optimistic student with nice abilities of communication, adaption and dealing with the contingencies. And also, he(she) got a high score in the college entrance examination, 2008. Im totally willing to recommend the student to your college, Thanks very much!敬启者：xxx同学于2005年考入大连市第八中学。该生学习认真刻苦，钻研进取，学习成绩优异。基本学习知识掌握牢固，善于从中发现和解决问题，具有较强的自主能力，善于与老师和同学积极配合，乐于助人。在完成高中学业期间，该生各方面表现突出，尤其在数学，英语方面取得了很好的成绩。该生性格开朗，交际能力，适应能力及应变能力较强。并于2008年全国高考中取得了不错的成绩。作为该生的班主任，我非常愿意推荐该同学到贵校学习深造。 谢谢！推荐信是向个人或单位推荐某个自己熟悉的人而写的信件。内容一般侧重于被推荐人的学业、工作、品行等方面的概括评价，一般措辞精炼、语气中肯、叙事客观。翻译时应注意用朴实的英语组织译文，例如：敬启者： 我与孙先生一起在大学教书已逾五年，他在中文系是一个很成功的教师。孙先生知识渊博，可教很多科目，如汉语写作、汉语语言学、中国文学、汉英翻译等等。他备课细致，献身教育事业，受到了学生和同事的敬佩。他的高水平的汉语能力和丰富的教学经验使他有资格在任何高校教汉语。李正汉语言文学教授To Whom It May Concern:I have taught at XX University together with Mr. Sun for over 5 years. He is a successful teacher of the Chinese Department. Mr. Sun is very knowledgeable and capable of teaching a wide range of subjects: Chinese Composition, Chinese Linguistics, Chinese Literature, Chinese-English Translation, etc. He is a very dedicated teacher and his classes are always well planned. He is highly respected by his students and colleagues. With a good command of Chinese and rich experience in teaching, Mr. Sun is highly qualified to fill a Chinese language teaching position at any college.Li ZhenProfessor of Chinese language and literature2. 自我推荐Self-recommendationDear Sir, I wish to apply for a position with your publishing house. Im 35 years old and am at present employed by World Publishing House, where I have been for the past five years. Formerly I was employed by Dongfang Press where I was nearly five years.My only reason for leaving either those positions would be to better myself and I feel there is no further opportunity in my present position.The editorial work had always had a great appeal to me as I have some ability in writing and editorial work.I can give you references from both these press houses as to my character and ability as an editor.Very truly yours,Li Ming signature亲爱的先生：我希望能在贵社谋求一职位。我现年35岁。目前受雇于天津出版社，最近5年里本人一直在该社工作。在这之前，本人还在东方出版社工作近5年。我打算离开这两个职位的唯一理由就是谋求高升。我觉得目前的职位不利于本人的发展。由于我在写作和编辑工作方面有些能力，所以编辑工作一直对我具大的吸引力。关于我的人品和能力，我可以请上述两个出版社单位写介绍信以供参考。李明（签字）2005年7月15日2. 申请信为了要了解某事、或请求对方办事某事、或申请参加学会、报名入学等，都可写信给有关方面询问。这类信要写明自己的意图以及要求对方办的事，也可向对方索取有关资料。翻译时应用简洁，谦恭的汉语，词句组织译文。1. 申请奖学金 Applying for a scholarshipDear Prof. Johnson:My name is Li Ming. I am writing to you to apply for a scholarship in your university.Born in Tianjin in 1960, I graduated from Tianjin University majoring in Computer Science in 1989. I have been working in the Computer Science Department of this univer-sity since my graduation. It is the height of my ambition to further y studies in this field in your university. But without your financial aid I couldnt manage to come. Ill be very grateful for your kind help. Could you please favor me with an early reply?Sincerely yours,亲爱的约翰逊教授：我叫李明。我想来贵校进修并盼能给予奖学金。我于1960年生于天津，于1989年毕业于天津大学计算机科学系。毕业后一直在该系工作。我极想来贵校进修我的专业。我只有在您的经济资助下才能如愿。如蒙关照感激不尽，盼速赐回音。2. 申请做为访问学者 Applying for admittance as a visiting scholarDear Prof. Jackson,I am a professor of English in the English Department of Tianjin Foreign Languages In-stitute. I have taught linguistics for more than 15 years and have therefore attained a fair knowledge in this field.I am writing to your about the possibility of visiting scholars appointment in your de-partment next spring. If given the opportunity, Ill do my best to meet your requirements and I am sure Ill be benefited in return.I hope to hear from you at your earliest convenience.Sincerely yours,Li MingEnc.: My resume亲爱的杰克逊教授：我是天津外国语学院英语系教授。教授语言学已有十五个年头，因此略有心得。不知贵系下学期春季班能否聘任我为访问学者？如蒙不弃，我当尽力百为符雅望。我想此举彼此均有裨益。盼早日赐复为感。此致敬礼！附履历表一份1申请书 申请书是一种自我介绍、陈述愿望或申请的事务性书信，一般表意清楚，语言简练。翻译时应用简洁谦恭的语言组织译文。敬启者： 我是大学英语专业毕业生，并获文学士学位，毕业后在该校攻读英语语言学，于1995年获硕士学位。 为继续深造，我拟向贵校申请攻读博士学位，同时我也想申请奖学金，使我能更早地来贵校就读，盼及早复信。 此致敬礼刘东Dear Sir:I am a graduate of XX University majoring in English with a B.A. degree. After graduation I concentrated on studying English linguistics and obtained my M.A. degree from this University in 1995. With a view to getting some advanced studies, I am writing to you to apply for admission to your University to pursue a Doctors degree. I am also applying for a scholarship which will enable me to come to your University sooner.Hoping to be favored with an early reply.Liu Dong3. 证明信定义：证明信是以机关,团体,单位或个人证明一个人的身份，学历，品行，工作能力等,供接受单位作为处理和解决某人某事的根据的书信。格式：标题：证明或有关问题的证明。称谓。正文：被证明的事实。结尾一般写特此证明。出具证明的单位署名、日期，加盖公章。翻译要求：简明扼要，用词准确，有时可套用汉语传统的公函用语例子：TO WHOM IT MAY CONCER