Grammar 过去分词作定语,表语和宾语补足语.doc

人 教 课 标 高 二 选 修 8Unit 3专业课件,精彩无限! 1专业课件,精彩无限! 2Grammar动词-ed形式作定语动词-ed形式作表语动词-ed形式作宾语补足语专业课件,精彩无限! 3一、动词 -ed 形式作定语。过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词 the Participle Adjective, 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。如:spoken English 英语口语;专业课件,精彩无限! 4iced beer 冰冻啤酒;cooked food 熟食; fried chips 炸土豆条但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。如: boiled water 开水; fallen leaves 落叶 ; the risen sun 升起的太阳等。专业课件,精彩无限! 5 1. The tall man is a returned student 高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。2. My parents are both retired teachers 我的父母都是退休教师。 专业课件,精彩无限! 6 1 前 置 定 语单个的动词 -ed 形式, 一般放在被修饰的名词的前面, 作前置定语。 The excited people rushed into building激动的人们冲进大楼。 the people who were excitedLost time can never be found again虚度的时光, 无法挽回。time which is lost 专业课件,精彩无限! 72 后 置 定 语 少数单个动词的 -ed 形式, 如 left 等, 只能作后置定语。1. Everything used should be marked所有用过的东西应该做好标记。2. Among the invited were some ladies被邀请的人中, 有些是女士。3. The books left are for my students剩下的书是给我的学生的。 专业课件,精彩无限! 8 动词-ed形式短语作定语时, 通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面, 在意思上相当于一个定语从句。及物动词的过去分词作定语用来表示被动, 可改为带被动语态的定语从句; 不及物动词的过去分词 仅限于单个过去分词, 且不能后置 则表示完成, 可改为带有完成时态的定语从句。专业课件,精彩无限! 91Is there anything planned for tonight 今晚有什么活动吗 that has been planned for tonight2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success. 这次会议有很多人出席, 开得很成功。 which was attended by a lot of people专业课件,精彩无限! 1 0 3. We drank some boiled water and went on with our work我们喝了一些开水后就继续工作。 which had boiled 注意: 这里的过去分词的逻辑主语应是被修饰的词, 改为定语从句时关系代词应与之一致。专业课件,精彩无限! 1 1 考点一:作定语1. Tsinghua University, _ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures (福建2011)A. found B. foundingC. founded D. to be foundedC 点拨 答案为 C。过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰 Tsinghua University。专业课件,精彩无限! 1 2 2. The island, _ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to(2011大纲全国卷)A. joining B. to joinC C. joined D. having joined点拨 答案为C。过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰island。专业课件,精彩无限! 1 3二、动词 -ed 形式作表语。 过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意,而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如:He looked worried after reading the letter.看完信后, 他显得很忧虑。When we heard of it, we were deeply moved.当我们听到这件事时, 被深深地感动了。He seemed quite delighted at the idea 听到这个想法, 他似乎很高兴。 专业课件,精彩无限! 1 4常 见 的 作 表 语 的 过 去 分 词 有 : amused 愉快的;broken 碎了的; closed 关闭的; astonished 吃惊的;crowded 拥挤的; experienced 有经验的; delighted 高兴的; lost 丢失的;gone 遗失的; disappointed 失望的;worried 担忧的;interested 感兴趣的 tired 疲劳的 pleased 高兴的;satisfied 满意的;surprised 吃惊的; married 已婚的;known 著名的 等等。 专业课件,精彩无限! 1 5作表语的 -ed 形式可被 much, very, quite 等所修饰。 I was very pleased at the news. 听了这消息我很高兴。 He grew much tired of the work. 他十分厌倦这工作。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea听了这想法他似乎很高兴。 专业课件,精彩无限! 1 6 考点二:作表语1. In April, thousands of holiday makers remained _ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud(福建2010)BA. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck点拨 答案为B。remain 此处是系动词,后接过去分词表状态,表示“成千上万度假者被困在国外”。专业课件,精彩无限! 1 7 2. Tom knew he would certainly get _ if he was late home(四川延考2008)A. shout at B. to shout atCC. shouted atD. to be shouted at点拨 答案为C。此处表示“汤姆知道自己肯定会被训斥”。专业课件,精彩无限! 1 8三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语。 能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词, 表示被动意义或已完成意义, 有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系, 即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。She found the door broken in when she came back.她回来时发现有人破门而人。专业课件,精彩无限! 1 9My grandfather had his old house rebuilt.我爷爷找人重修了一下他的旧房子。Will you please make yourself heard to us, please请你大声点让我们都听到你说的话, 好吗?专业课件,精彩无限! 2 0少数不及物动词的过去分词用作宾补时, 强调动作完成后的状态。 They found all the guests gone whenthey woke up 当他们醒来时, 发现所有的客人都走了。专业课件,精彩无限! 2 1动 词-ed 形 式 作 宾 语 补 足 语 的 基 本 用 法 动词的 -ed 形式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一结构中, 动词 -ed 形式和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的被动关系。如果这种句子改为被动语态, 原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。专业课件,精彩无限! 2 21. I must get my bike repaired. 我必须请人修理自行车。宾语补足语2. The girl was found beaten black and blue. 人们发现那女孩被打得青一块紫一块。 主语补足语 专业课件,精彩无限! 2 31 动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。We thought the game lost.我们认为球赛输了。专业课件,精彩无限! 2 4I have never heard him spoken ill of others.我从未听过有人说他的坏话。She felt a great weight taken off her mind她觉得心里轻松了些。They considered the matter settled.他们认为这问题解决了。专业课件,精彩无限! 2 52 动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。 I have my hair cut once a month. 我每个月理一次发。 He was trying to make himself understood. 他正努力使别人听懂自己。专业课件,精彩无限! 2 6 She held her hands pressed against her face 她用双手按着脸。 专业课件,精彩无限! 2 7“have + 宾语 + done”结构有三个含义: 请人把某事做完。She had her house repaired.她请人把屋子修好了。Where did you have your hair cut 你在哪儿理的发专业课件,精彩无限! 2 8 遭遇某种意外情况。 He had his hat blown away on his way home. 在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。 She had her wallet stolen yesterday昨天她的钱包被偷了。专业课件,精彩无限! 2 9 完成某事 自己也可能参与。 I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected. 我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。 He has had one thousand yuan saved this year. 他今年已存了1000元。 专业课件,精彩无限! 3 03 动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括like, want, wish, expect, order等”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。 He wont like such questions discussed at the meeting. 他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。专业课件,精彩无限! 3 1The students wish the TV serial plays continued. 学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。4 过去分词用在“with + 宾语 + 宾补”这一结构中, 过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。 The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back 小偷被带进来了, 双手被反绑在后面。 专业课件,精彩无限! 3 2With many brightly colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden. 周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花, 他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花园。 专业课件,精彩无限! 3 3考点三:作宾语补足语1. Claire had her luggage _ an hour before her plane left (陕西2011)A. check B. checkingC. to check D. checked D点拨 答案为D。have sth. Done 意为“使某物被”。专业课件,精彩无限! 3 42. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _ of his own dreams (重庆2011)A. reminding B. to remindC. reminded D. remindC点拨 答案为C。keep oneself reminded of. 意为“使某人自己被提醒”。专业课件,精彩无限! 3 5I. 下列各句均有一处错误, 指出并改正。1. The match between Class 4 and Class 5 is sure to be excitedexcited exciting2. Interesting in English, he listens to BBC every d