新视野大学英语Unit 3 Longing for a New Welfare System(渴望新的福利制度)93P.ppt

I IntroductionII PreviewIII Theme basedandtask basedleading inIV SectionA TextV AnswertoexercisesVI ExtensiveassignmentsVII TestingyourselfVIII ReviewIX Optionaltasks 教学目的1 让学生掌握有关welfare的主题词汇2 使学生能够运用主题语汇完成有关的听说读写译的实际语言任务3 启发学生开始关心社会问题 培养人文素质 1 GettingfamiliarwithTextA2 Collectingwordsandphrasesaboutwelfare WelfareStatesocialworkersupportforfamilieswithdependentchildrenlow wage no benefitjobswelfarerecipients clientswelfaredependencyallowancesasylumhandicappedliftafamilyabovethepovertyline Wellbeing 福利 socialsecuritymedicalcare 医疗保险 Medicaid 医疗补助 oldagepensionsaccidentinsurancehealthinsurance publicassistanceunemploymentinsurance 1 Lead inquestions2 Relatedquestionsfromthetext3 Spotdictation4 DiscussionandPresentation 1 Lead inquestions 1 Haveyoueverseenanydisabledpeople Howdotheysupportthemselves Tips relativefamilymemberpensionbeggingcharityself reliancedonationfundsocialwelfaresystem Pictures arubbishpicker 78yearsold nolivingpartner nochildren ateenageworker 15yearsold parentsdied workinginasmallcoalmine achildbeggar 7yearsold nochancetogotoschool athree year oldchild severelyill nomoneyformedicaltreatment BlindBusinessmenandBusinesswomenWalkinginaLine Manpushingwomaninwheelchair BlindBusinessmenandBusinesswomenWalkinginaLine 2 Whenyouaresick youmaygototheschoolclinic Howmuchdoyouneedtopayforyourmedicalexpenses TipsYoujustneedtopay10 ofyourmedicinebills 3 Whyjust10 Whopaystherestforyou TipsIt sapartofthesocialwelfaresystem Thegovernmentpaystherestforyou Tips Thegeneralhealth happinessandsafetyofaperson ananimaloragroup OxfordAdvancedLearner sEnglish ChineseDictionary 4 Whatiswelfare 4 Whatiswelfare Tips Avarietyofprogramsthatprovideincomesupportandcreateasafetynetforpoorindividualsandfamilies SuchbenefitsincludeSupplementalSecurityIncome Medicaid foodstamps housingallowances andAidtoFamilieswithDependentChildren ESSAYSAMPLEON THEWELFARESYSTEMMUSTREMAIN 4 Whatiswelfare Tips Publicassistanceprograms commonlycalled welfare providecashorin kindbenefitsforparticularcategoriesofthefinanciallyneedy TheU S welfaresystemoperatesonboththefederalandstatelevels ThefederalwelfareprogramisknownasSocialSecuritythatprovidesbenefitsorassistanceforchildcare disability foodstampandmedicalassistance alsoknownasmedicaid Thestatewelfareprograms ontheotherhand provideassistancetobothindividualsandlocalcommunitieswithstateschoolingandsocialinsurance 4 Whatiswelfare U S welfareprogramsgrewsignificantlyinthedecadesfollowingWorldWarII butincreasesinwelfarecostsduringthe1960sand1970sbroughtintoquestiontheextentandqualityofpublicassistance Tips 4 Whatiswelfare Tips Intheearly1980stheReaganAdministrationreducedwelfareexpendituresandsuggestedturningresponsibilityforwelfarefundingovertothestates ThecutsinfederalfundingthattookeffectduringtheReaganAdministrationdidinfacteffectivelyplacetheresponsibilityformaintainingfundinglevelsonthestates and insomecases onthelargercities Theresulthasbeenawideningofthealreadyexistingdisparitiesinsocialservicesspendingbetweenstates andbetweencitiesandregionswithinastate 2 Relatedquestionsfromthetext 1 Whatkindofpersonistheauthor 1 Tipshandicappedconfinedtowheelchaircarryingaurinebageverydayindependentself respectself supportself made 2 HowdoyoudescribeSuzanne Tipsarrogantsuspiciousindifferentcarelessbusiness like adetective 1 Cutsinwelfarepaymentshaveleftmanyclientssopoorthattheycannot or Manywoulddescribetheirdietasbeingatthesamelevelasa Asaresultmost thesystem Giftsfromfriendsandrelatives moneyfrompensionis andtherentis Anythingforafewmoredollars Ofcoursethecaseworkersknowthesethingsoccur Ratherthanhelpingtheirclients caseworkers andareinclinedtogiveoutlectureswhenanyhelpisaskedfor whichisanaturalconsequenceofthinking everyday 3 SpotDictation 1 affordtoeatproperly2 tohaveadecentstandardofliving3 householdpet4 Cheat5 arenotdeclared6 understated7 exaggerated8 expectthemtobowdowntothem9 theyarebeingliedto Q 4 DiscussionandPresentation 1 Whydowelfareclientsoftencheatthesystem Andhow Tipsinone sjudgmentsustainanaveragelivingbenotsatisfiedwithselfishgreedy 2 Whatarethepotentialpitfallsofwelfareinyourseyes Andhowtoreformit Tips Peopleonwelfarearealsofrustratedbecausetheprogramactuallypenalizesemploymentandsavings Anymoneyearnedabovewhatisminimallyneededcausesbenefitstobelost Anysavingsthatthefamilyhascausesthefamilytobeineligibletocontinuereceivingwelfarepaymentsandbenefits 2 Whatarethepotentialpitfallsofwelfareinyourseyes Andhowtoreformit Tips TheFederalGovernmentissayingthatthecurrentsystemisnotworking buttheydonotknowhowtofixit Bydistributingthewelfaremoneytothestates theFederalgovernmentisallowingeachstatetoexperimentwithdifferentwelfareplanstoseewhichonewillworkthebest 2 Whatarethepotentialpitfallsofwelfareinyourseyes Andhowtoreformit Tips Reformsincludechild supportenforcement higherbenefits timelimitsforwelfarepayments andworkfare Jobtrainingandeducationmustbeintegratedintoanewwelfaresystemsothatwhenwelfarepaymentsstop recipientshavetheskillstogainfulltimeemploymenttosupporttheirfamilies 2 Whatarethepotentialpitfallsofwelfareinyourseyes Andhowtoreformit Tips Themainpointofthereformisforwelfarerecipientstotakepersonalresponsibility Thismeansthatthereshouldbeaconnectionbetweenrewardandeffort Itmustbereformedsothatdependenceongovernmentisavoided MainideaandstructureofthetextQuestionstocomprehensionWordsusingUsefulExpressionsSentencepatternsDifficultsentencesSummary Thepassageexplorestheproblemsofthepresentwelfaresystemfirstandthenexpressesthedesiretohaveanewsystem Accordingtotheauthor adisabledpersonwithspinalcordinjuries heisforcedtoaccountforeverypennywhileenduringlecturesbythecaseworkers Itishardtohavehiswheelchairrepairedandevenhardertomakeagradualshiftawayfromwelfare Thatiswhyhelongsforanewsystemunderwhichthedisabledlikehimcanearnpartoralloftheirownlivings 演绎法 叙事法 例证法 1 Mainideaandstructureofthetext Deduction 演绎法 Thispartisabouthowpeopleconcernedbehaveunderthepresentwelfaresystem Clientscheatthesystemformoremoneywhilecaseworkers likedetectives expecttheclientstobowdowntothemandbeg Part Part Mainidea Devicesfordevelopingit Part Para 1 3 Part Part Severaleventsarenarratedtoillustratetheproblemswiththepresentwelfaresystem welfarecaseworkerstrytofindanythingunreported welfareclientshavedifficultiesinobtaininghelp andthelawdoesnotencourageclientstomakeagradualshiftawayfromwelfare Narration 叙事法 Part Part Para 5 Part Part Para 4 14 Part Mainidea Devicesfordevelopingit Exemplification 例证法 Alawyerisneededtoactasachampionfortherightsofwelfareclients Besides theauthorwishesthatthegovernmentwouldhelpclientsearnpartoralloftheirlivings And anewsystemisdesiredtoencouragethem ratherthanseektoconvictthemofcheating Mainidea Devicesfordevelopingit Part Part Para 15 17 Part 2 QuestionstoComprehension Para 1 1 Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying Awelfareclientissupposedtocheat Everybodyexpectsit Tips Hemeansthatawelfareclientisbelievedtolietogetalittleextrawelfaremoneyandthosecaseworkersknowitwell Para 2 2 Howhastheauthorchosentoliveasawelfareclient TipsHehaschosentoliveanhonestlifebydrummingupsomebusinessoutsideanddrawingcartoonsformagazines Para 3 3 Whatistheauthor sattitudetowardscaseworkers TipsHedoesn tthinkthosecaseworkersaretoblamesoheisn tbeingbitter Para 3 4 Whyisthewelfaresystemtoblame accordingtotheauthor TipsBecausehebelievesitpracticallyrequirespeopletolie 5 Whatkindofnewwelfaresystemdoestheauthordreamof TipsHedreamsofanewsystemthatwillencouragetheclientsandhelpthemtodeveloptheirtalents ratherthanseektoconvictthemofcheating Para 17 1 Longfor title haveanintensedesirefor 3 WordsUsing 由于备受多年内战的煎熬 全民族都渴望平 Bitterlyafflictedwithmanyyearsofcivilwar thewholenationlongsforpeace 1 不择手段榨取消费者钱财的奸商终将受到惩罚 2 我的前妻要榨干我身上的每一分钱 2 tobleed for L 2 向 榨取 1 Theprofiteerswhobleedconsumersformoneybyhookorbycrookareboundtocometogriefintime 2 Myex wifeisbleedingmeforeverypennyIhave 3 todrumup L 6 竭力争取大力招揽Translate 他飞到北方去为竞选争取支持 每年圣诞节期间 商家们各显神通来招揽生意 Hehadflowntothenorthtodrumupsupportforthecampaign DuringtheseasonofChristmaseachyear tradersusetheirownuniquetrickstodrumuptheirbusiness 4 underthetable L 8 私下 背地里惩治的焦点应集中在热衷于私下交易的商人身上 Thefocusofpunishmentshouldbeonthetraderswhoaremadaboutbusinessunderthetable 5 toyieldto L 8 向 屈服 莫随波逐流 政府拒绝答应人质挟持这的要求 Don tyieldtothetrend Thegovernmentrefusedtoyieldtothehostagetakers demand 6 deepdown L 11 在心底 阿尔费雷德 诺贝尔看上去乐观开朗 但在内心深处却感到悲伤和孤独 AlfredNobelappearedoptimisticandcheerful but deepdown hefeltsadandlonely 7 tomakefoolsofsb L 12 愚弄某人愚弄他人就等于愚弄自己 Makingfoolsofothersisjustthesameaslayingoneselfopentoridicule 8 tobeentitledto do sth L 13 有权做某事 你没有权利告诉任何人什么是对什么是错 当你65岁时 你可享受养老金 YouarenotentitledtoteachanyonewhatisrightorwhatiswrongYouwillbeentitledtoyourpensionwhenyoureach65 9 tolecturesb aboutsth L 29 就某事训斥某人 如果一个领导不论大事小事都爱训人 那一定是他无能的表现 Ifaleadertendstolecturehismenaboutanythingmajororminor thatmustbeanexpressionofhisincompetence 10 togetthecheapestbid L 41 拿到最低的报价通过公开招标 我们既可以拿到最低报价又可以杜绝暗箱操作 Throughopentender wecannotonlygetthecheapestbidbutpreventbusinessunderthetableaswell 11 tomakeagradualshiftawayfrom L 50 逐渐脱离 一旦吸烟成瘾 想渐渐摆脱其诱惑也是难上加难的 Onceoneisaddictedtosmoke itisalsonexttoimpossibleforhim hertomakeagradualshiftawayfromitslure 12 tojumpoff L 51 突然脱离 摆脱说也奇怪 你越急于摆脱一种思维定式 你越难于如愿 Strangely themoreurgeyoufeeltojumpoffafixedpatternofthinking theharderyoufindittomakeit 13 toactasachampionfor L 55 成为 的捍卫者我们的社会需要越来越多的官员成为老百姓利益的忠实捍卫者 Oursocietyneedsmoreandmoreofficialstoactasdevotedchampionsfortheinterestsofcommonpeople 14 tolendoneselfto L 56 适宜于 同意参与 有助与 计算机有不同用途 新福利体系并不适合这个州 从不亵渎爱情的人常常是第一个品尝真爱果实的人 Welendcomputerstodifferentuses Thenewwelfaresystemwillnotlenditselftothisstate Thosewhoneverlendthemselvestoabuseofloveareoftenthefirsttotastethefruitsoftruelove 15 toconvictsb ofdoingsth wrong L 66 证明 宣判某人有罪 他被判有诈骗罪 我们无权勒令他退学 除非有足够的证据证明他考试作弊 Hewasconvictedoffraud Wehavenorighttoorderhimtoleaveschoolunlessthereisenoughevidencetoconvicthimofcheatingintheexam 4 UsefulExpressions 四处找活私下里抵抗不住诱惑欺骗 愚弄某人给自己惹麻烦 drumupbusinessunderthetableyieldtothetemptationmakefoolofsb getinvolvedinsomestickysituation 在心底福利救济对象引人瞩目的人或事有崇高的理想工作积极的人 deepdownwelfareclientahigh profileperson eventwithhighidealactiveworker 5 SentencepatternThereisnoprovisionof in for 在 中没有明确 提供 使你达到 目的 Thereisnoprovisioninthelawforagradualshiftawayfromwelfare L 50 如何逐渐脱离福利照顾 这在法律条款中没有明确规定 1 Theykeepmyrecords andthatinformationgoesrightintothegovernment scomputer Veryhigh profile L10 Meaning Thebigmagazinesappeartobeopenandabove boardastheyhonestlyreporttothewelfarecaseworkerstheamountofmoneyImake 他们会保留我的记录 而这些记录会直接进入政府的电脑 真是态度鲜明 毫不含糊 6 DifficultSentences 2 Thereneedstobealawyerwhocanactasachampionfortherightsofwelfareclients becausethesystemsoeasilylendsitselftoabusebythewelfaregiversaswellasbytheclients Lendoneselfto beeasilyusedforaparticularactivityorresult 真需要一位律师来捍卫福利救济对象的权利 因为这一福利体制容易使救济对象和福利提供者都滥用权力 Lifeinawheelchairis Livingonwelfareisjustlikesharingadinnerofrawpetfood thecat Manywelfareclientsdonothavemoneyto adecentlife lyingandcheatingthewelfaresystem extramoneybecomesnormal However someunusualindividuals whohave tolivealifeofcompletehonesty do thetruthtocaseworkersand anyextraincometheymake Beinghonest however isnot itsproblems Caseworkerswillgreatly tough with live Asaresult madeachoice tell declare without 下一页 for 7 Summary thefrequencyoftheirvisitsandleave asmallmountainofpaperwork theclienttofill Therulessaythatnotapennyistobe for asinglegift small istobeunreported Theserulesandthenaturalconsequentlying tendtotransformcaseworkers beinghelpersofthepoor beingdetectivesconstantly foranyformsofcheating increase behind for out unaccounted Not nomatterhow unfortunately from to searching 上一页 1Model1 Peopleexpectthatawelfareclientcheats suppose Awelfareclientissupposedtocheat 读写教程IV Ex VIII p 69 VIII Studythemodelsgivenbelowandrewriteeachofthefollowingsentencesusingthestructure beV ed toV withtheverbprovided Payattentiontothetenseandvoiceinthestructure Model2 Itisreportedthattwopeoplewerekilledintheexplosion report Twopeoplearereportedtohavebeenkilledintheexplosion PeoplebelievethatthewantedmanislivinginNewYork believe ThewantedmanisbelievedtobelivinginNewYork 2 Itissaidthatmanypeoplearehomelessafterthefloods say Manypeoplearesaidtobehomelessafterthefloods 3 Peoplesaythatthreemenwerearrestedaftertheexplosion say Threemenaresaidtohavebeenarrestedaftertheexplosion 4 Itisthoughtthattheprisonerescapedbyclimbingoverthewall think Theprisoneristhoughttohaveescapedbyclimbingoverthewall 5 Itisreportedthatfourpeoplewereseriouslyinjuredintheaccident report Fourpeoplearereportedtohavebeenseriouslyinjuredintheaccident 读写教程IV Ex IX p 69 IX Lookatthefollowingsentencetakenfromyourreadingpassage Theverb stop isusedwithv ingform ThereareotherverbsinEnglishthatcanbefollowedeitherbyaninfinitiveoran ingform butwithdifferentmeanings Nowrewriteeachofthesentenceswiththeverbinthebracketsandtakecaretothinkwhethertouse ingformorinfinitive Model Thegovernmentnolongertookcareofourchairs stop Thegovernmentstoppedtakingcareofourchairs 1 Hedidsendherflowers butitdidn thaveanyeffect try Hetriedsendingherflowers butitdidn thaveanyeffect 2 Idon tfeelsorryabouttellingherwhatIthought evenifIupsether regret Idon tregrettellingherwhatIthought evenifIupsether 3 Shereadabiography 传记 aboutCharlieChaplin whichdescribedhimasaMarxist remember SherememberedreadingabiographyaboutCharlieChaplin whichdescribedhimasaMarxist 4 Wefeelsorrybutwehavetoinformyouthatweareunabletoofferyouemployment regret Weregrettoinformyouthatweareunabletoofferyouemployment 5 Hefirstwelcomedthenewstudentandthenheturnedtothetopicofcollegeregulationsandmadesomeexplanations goon Hewelcomedthenewstudentandthenwentontoexplainthecollegeregulations 读写教程IV Ex X p 70 X TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish Youarelegallyentitledtotakefaultygoodsbacktothestorewhereyoupurchasedthem butyouaresupposedtoaccountforwhyyouwanttodoso 1 从法律上说 你完全可以将质量不过关的商品退还给那家商店 但是应该解释清楚为什么 tobeentitledtodo Back legally toaccountfor Youonlyneedtofilloutaformtogetyourmembership whichentitlesyoutoadiscountongoods 2 你只需填写一张表格就取得了会员资格 它可以使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠 tofilloutaform Back toentitleyoutoadiscountongoods 2 你只需填写一张表格就取得了会员资格 它可以使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠 tofilloutaform 3 一年前 那位汽车经销商 dealer 以优质服务来招揽顾客 如今他的生意已十分红火 byofferinggoodservices Oneyearago thecardealertriedtodrumupbuyersbyofferinggoodservices Now hisbusinessisthriving todrumupbuyers Back 4 这桩刑事案件经过仔细调查后 他被证明犯了谋杀罪 Thecrimewaslookedintocarefullybeforehewasconvictedofmurder tolookintocarefully Back tobeconvictedofmurder 5 我的车子在高速公路上抛锚后 我打电话向高速公路巡逻队 theFreewayServicePatrol 求助 20分钟后他们帮我解了围 留下了一张150美元的收据 IcalledtheFreewayServicePatrolforhelpaftermycarbrokedownonthefreeway Twentyminuteslater theycametomyrescueandlefta 150receipt tobreakdown Back tocometomyrescue 6 由于面临失业的危险 这些工人只好接受了管理部门的意见 重新回去工作 toyieldto Facedwiththethreatoflosingtheirjobs theseworkersyieldedtothemanagement sadviceandwentbacktowork tobefacedwith Back 7 拐走孩子的那名中年男子向男孩的父亲敲诈了两万美金 来补偿他公司的损失 Themiddle agedmanwhotooktheboybledthefatherfor 20 000asacompensationforthelossofhiscompany Back 8 这个靠救济过日子的人开始慢慢地建立了自己的市场 生意日渐兴隆 Themanlivingonwelfarebegantosetuphisownmarket onestepatatimeandhisbusinessisthriving themanlivingonwelfare businessbethriving Back onestepatatime 1 Groupwork2 Pairwork3 WritinghomeworkA themed basedwriting WritinghomeworkB structuredwriting 4 Othermaterials 1 Groupwork Whichpersonismorelikelytogetwelfareassistance Why arubbishpicker 78yearsold nolivingpartner nochildrenateenageworker 15yearsold parentsdied workinginasmallcoalmineathree year oldchild severelyill nomoneyformedicaltreatmentachildbeggar 7yearsold nochancetogotoschool 2 Pairwork Doyouthinkabetterwelfaresystemwillencouragemorelazypeople Thebenefitsandpitfallsofwelfaresystem Whatwelfareassistancesdoyouthinkstudentsshouldenjoy Whynotwriteaproposaltotheauthorityconcerned Requirements Trytomakeuseofthetopicexpressionsasmanyaspossible 3 WritingHomeworkA theme basedwriting AGeneralStatementSupportedbyExamples 3 WritingHomeworkB structuredwriting ThemethodofwritingthepassageofSectionA StructureAnalysis Thepassagecanbebroadlydividedintothreeparts howpeoplebehaveunderthepresentwelfaresystemandwhataretheproblemswithitandwhatshouldberequiredofthenewsystem Asample Welfareclientsarealwayscheatingmoremoneyoutofthepresentwelfaresystem Para 1 Generalimagesofwelfareclientsandwelfarecaseworkersunderthepresentsystem Buttherearewelfareclientswhochoosetolivealife