六级冲刺班写作讲义i.doc

写作翻译考前点睛课程 一、写作综述1、分值与时间写作占总分的15%，分值为106分。写作用时为30分。其中，前10钟检查证件及试音，剩下20分钟作答。2、字数字数不少于150字。以下是字数与扣分对照表：字数 140-149 130-139 120-129 110-119 100-109 90-99 80-89 79 扣分 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 二、六级写作框架两类题型，两类框架1、第一类题型（1）题目2010年12月 1. 目前高校排名相当盛行;2. 对于这种做法人们看法不一;（有些人认为也有些人认为）3. 在我看来这类作文是正反对立观点作文。（2）写作框架1. 目前高校排名相当盛行;陈述现状 （第一段）2. 对于这种做法人们看法不一;正反观点 （第二段）3. 在我看来个人观点 （第三段）l 第一段：陈述现状 （第1、2句）1 Nowadays，there is a heated discussion whether(2011.6考证) People should spend so much time pursuing various kinds of certificates. 2 Does anyone hold the same attitude towards “”? Definitely not，as to this issue, opinions vary from person to person.l 第二段：阐明对立观点（第3、4、5、6、句）3 someone maintain that, firstly, 4 Secondly, 5 However, quite a few people hold the other side of the picture, first and foremost，6 Moreover,l 第三段：阐明我的观点 （第7、8、9句）7 From my perspective, in the first place, 8 in the second place , 9 Given the factors I have just outlined, I strongly commit to the notion that2、第二类题（1）题目2011年6月 1. 现在许多人热衷于各类证书考试 2. 这种现象产生的原因（及危害、后果）3. 我们应该怎么做这类是问题解决作文（2）写作框架2010年6月 1. 现在许多人热衷于各类证书考试 ； 陈述现状 （第一段）2.其目的各不相同 原因（及后果）（第二段）3. 在我看来 个人观点 解决措施（第三段）l 第一段：陈述现状 （第1、2句）1 The past several years have witnessed a not uncommon social phenomenon that2 Taking a look around, one can find numerous examples with ease：l 第二段：阐明问题产生的原因、后果 （第3、4、5、6 句）3 What exactly contributes to such a phenomenon ? Its a thought-provoking question. Firstly, 4 Secondly, 5 The problem mentioned above is bound to generate severe consequences if we leave the situation as it is ，first and foremost，6 Moreover,l 第三段：阐明问题的解决策略（第7、8、9句）7 Effective measures must be taken before things get worse. In the first place, 8 in the second place , 9 Only with these measures taken can we模板句的两个功能：对于考生： 提供写作思路，文章框架对于阅卷人：给分提示句 ！使用模板句的注意事项：写得再好，不加分，也不扣分学会替换模板句，谨防撞车！三、六级写作词汇1、人，人们表达“在人们中”E.g. 这个问题在人们当中引起了热烈的讨论 This issue has aroused heated discussion among people.（可以将among people改为among the public）2、重要(1)扮演重要的角色 Plays a(an) role in .这里“重要的”可换成vital, irreplaceable, increasingly important, unique(2)重要性不言而喻The importance of sth. is self-evident. self-evident selfevidnt adj. 不证自明的, 不言而喻的(3)没有比更重要了Nothing can be more important thanE.g. 在孩子的成长过程中，没有什么比接受教育更重要了。During their growth, nothing can be more important than receiving education.(4)再怎么强调的重要性也不为过We cant emphasize the importance of too much. One cant emphasize too much the importance of3. 多（1）许多A number of许多可用huge, great, considerable来表达。E.g. 相当多的人反对政府对待移民问题的态度A considerable number of people object to the governments attitude to immigration.（2）“越来越多”通常表达是more and more + n例如：more and more parents但这一表达可替换为：n. + in mounting/growing numbers（3）表达“越来越”通常表达是：more and more + adj.例如：Become more and more obvious 可替换为：increasingly + adj.例如：Become increasingly obvious练习：l More and more fresh graduates find that obtaining a decent job is more and more difficult.-A growing number of fresh graduates find that obtaining a decent job is increasingly difficult.4、现在Nowadays, the environmentally friendly products are becoming increasingly popular.可更换为：currently，in contemporary society，in this day and age5. 将会通常表达是：will/ would可替换为：tend toE.g. 石油资源会在未来几十年被耗尽。Petrol resource tends to be used up in a few decades.6. 举例，列举A case in point is在这一句式中，可以用typical, vivid， an opposite来表达。7.导致，引起通常表达是：Cause （1 ）Give rise toMass unemployment may give rise to social upheaval.（2） Result inStress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration.（3） bring aboutScience has brought about many changes in our lives.8. 重视，强调通常表达是：Pay attention to sth. 可替换为：Place great emphasis on sth. ，Attach much significance to sth.E.g. l 我们应该更重视孩子们的心理健康We should place greater emphasis on childrens mental health.l 应该重视贫困地区的教育现状The authorities should attach much significance to the education situation in poverty-stricken areas. poverty-stricken为贫穷所困扰的9. 因为通常表达是：because 可替换为：（1）for the reason that She quit her job for the reason that she is not satisfied with the salary（2）due to，owing to11. 认为通常表达是：think 可替换为：hold the opinion that，harbor the idea thatE.g. We hold the opinion that miracles sometimes occur, but one has to work terribly hard for them.12. 众所周知通常表达是：As we all know，可替换为：It is commonly believed thatIt is universally acknowledged thatIt is widely accepted thatE.g. 无可否认，工作而不休息会对健康有害的。It goes without saying that work without rest will do harm to health.12. 无可否认 通常表达是：No one can deny the fact that可替换为：It is undeniable that There is no denying that It goes without saying that四、写作万能句型鱼骨造句1、没有比更 Nothing is more + adj. + than n.In handling an embarrassing situation_(没有什么比幽默感更有帮助的了).Nothing is more helpful than a sense of humorSince my childhood I have found that (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力).nothing is more attractive to me than reading2、再怎么强调的重要性也不为过 We cant emphasize the importance of too much.3、的优点/ 好处之一是 An advantage of sth. is that从句 戒烟的好处之一是，你会变得坚强An advantage of quitting smoking is that you will be much healthier .4、的原因是The reason why + 句子 + is that + 从句环境恶化的原因是人们没有充分重视环境保护的重要性. The reason why the environment is worsening is that the public are not fully aware of the importance of environmental protection.5、没有理由 There is no reason why+ 句子哲学家没有理由不可写小说There is no reason why philosophers should not write novels. 双重否定6、虽然/尽管但是 Adj. + as + sth. + beFat as you are, you are still popular. Rich as you are, you are not happy.7、越越The+比较级+主+谓， The+比较级+主+谓The more you explain, (我越糊涂)the more confused I am.The more exercise you take,(你越不可能得感冒)the less likely you are to catch a cold8、我们绝对不能On no account can we do sth.我们绝对不能低估教育的作用On no account can we undervalue the power of education.9、可想而知 It is conceivable thatconceive knsi:v v.设想, 想出, 怀孕可想而知，一场新的经济危机可能再次席卷全球It is conceivable that there will be a new economic crisis throughout the world.10、不遗余力/竭尽全力地做Spare no efforts to do sth.要想在国际市场上有竞争能力,必须在产品质量上狠下功夫。To be competitive on the world market, we must spare no efforts to improve the quality of our products.11、令人很不满意 Sth. Leaves much to be desired.交通状况令人不满意。 The traffic condition leaves much to be desired.12、对造成巨大的威胁pose a great threat to各种各样的电子游戏对孩子的健康成长造成巨大的威胁A great variety of video games pose a great threat to the healthy and sound growth of children.13、不要问问一问 Ask not，ask 不要问你的国家能为你做什么,问一问你能为国家做什么 Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.14、只要As long asWe can use online chatting without its bad effects as long as we keep ourselves under good control. 15、很多人认为理所当然.A majority of people take it for granted that 很多人以为你父母养你一辈子是天经地义的事.A majority of people take it for granted that your parents should support you all your life.16、. 理应如此/不言而喻.It goes without saying that.健康胜于财富这是不言而喻的It goes without saying that health is above wealth.17、成功来于勤奋，这个道理不言自明It goes without saying that success is the product of hard work.18、宁愿也不.I would like to. rather than.I would rather.than.在这样潮湿的天气里,我宁愿呆在家里,也不愿去购物.I would rather stay at home than go shopping on such humid day.I would rather join you as a volunteer (宁愿加入你们去做义工) than go to the beach for a holiday. （2010.12.86）Even though they were already late, they would rather stop to enjoy the beautiful view (宁愿停下来欣赏美丽的景色) than just go on.19、现在是的时候了 It is high time 后接 sb. did sth 或者 that sb. should do sth. 现在的确该停止这场争论了It is high time that we （should）put an end to this controversy .20、. 要求 lt is required that要求每个候选人必须通过CET-6 .It is required that every candidate (should) pass CET-6.21、.对我意义重大. . means a great deal to me你的鼓励对我来说意义重大.Your encouragement means a great deal to me.这个奖对我来说意义重大。任何话语也表达不了些时我所感到的万分荣幸。我今生将永远记住今晚的美好时刻。This award means g great deal to me. Words cant express how honored I feel at this moment. I will remember this night for the rest of my life! 22、条件是 On the condition that.你可以达成你的目标，只要你够努力You can achieve your goals, on the condition that you are diligent enough.23、最近研究表明 Recent studies show that.最近调查表明,越来越多的学生在年纪尚小的时候就出国留学了.Recent studies show that a growing number of students go abroad at an early age.24、有迹象表明/显示 There are signs that.有迹象表明现在的家长开始重视孩子的心理健康问题There are signs that parents nowadays begin to attach great importance to childrens mental health. 25、必须采取措施.Something must be done to.必须采取措施来改革我们现行的考试制度.Something must be done to change our existing /current examination system.26、是无意义的.Theres no point in.试图将无用的知识灌输给幼儿是毫无意义的。There is no point in trying to force useless information down the throats of young children.27、除了我们别无选择We have no choice but to我们别无选择,只有发展教育,否则就会落后We have no choice but to develop our education, or well fall behind.28、谈到,/涉及到 When it comes to.说到学习，勤奋是必不可少的。When it comes to learning , diligence is indispensable.29、越越好； You can never be too + adj.择友愈谨慎愈好One can never be too careful in choosing friends.30、取决于Sth. depends on The prosperity of a nation depends largely on (一个国家未来的繁荣在很大程度上有赖于) the quality of education of its peopleHuman behavior is mostly a product of learning, while animal behavior depends mainly upon their instincts (而动物的行为主要依靠本能).31、很难做 have difficulty in doingSoon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had difficulty in catching up with his classmates (很难跟上班里的同学)in math and English.Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty (in) concentrating on the experiment(集中注意力在实验上)32、将考虑在内Take into considerationThe finding of this study failed to take peoples sleep quality into consideration (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内)。33、“无论”no matter + 特殊疑问词+名词+陈述句I am going to pursue this course, no matter what sacrifices I have to make (无论我要做出什么样的牺牲)。Leaving ones job, no matter what job it is.(不管是什么工作)，is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.34、更有可能会be more likely toIt is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are more likely to put on weight (更有可能增加体重)。35、与密切相关Be closely related toThe study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is closely related to the lack of exercise (与缺乏锻炼密切相关)。五、六级写作万能论据和话题预测（一）客观社会角度包括便利、节约浪费、效率、环境、经济、文化等六个角度。1、便利l 好处方面It will offer us great convenience in many aspects of our life.l 坏处方面.会给我们生活的很多方面，造成巨大的不便。Sth. will bring about tremendous inconvenience in many aspects of our daily life.l 相关话题（1）网络远程教育 Distant learning更容易获得网络上的教育资源We have easier access to education resources on the internet.无法保证学习效果It is very hard to guarantee the learning result without face-to-face communication and effective supervision.(2)微博的广泛使用 Microblog微博可以使用户更方便地表达他们的情感和个人想法Microblog enables its users to convey their emotions and individual thoughts more conveniently.沉溺微博，浪费时间Being addicted the microblog is nothing but a waste of our precious and limited time.(3)信用卡的广泛使用 Credit cards使用户获得更多的便利服务Credit card enables its owners to obtain more convenient services.养成过度消费的习惯Credit card will lead people to develop a habit of excessive comsumption.(4)社交网站的广泛使用 Social-networking site这是一种获得娱乐和放松的来源Social networking site is a convenient source of recreation and relaxation.交友方便Social networking site enables its user to make friends with people who share the common interest.有很多骗子Online friendship is sometimes very dangerous because there are many cheaters on the net.2、节约和浪费l 好处方面It will help us save a great deal of time (and money).l 坏处方面Sth. is nothing but a waste of our precious time.l 相关话题（1）二手货网站盛行这可以使那些经济条件差的人省很多钱It enables those who have low financial condition to save a great deal of(large sums of ) money.无法得到较好的售后服务Customers are usually not provided with decent after-sale services.无法保证质量It is very hard ensure the quality of products.(2)城市用电紧张 electricity crisis相当多的人毫无意识地浪费电Quite a few people waste electricity without even realizing it.（3）家长要求孩子寄宿学校住校可以节省很多的来往于家与学校的时间，因些我们可以集中时间和精力在学业上Living on campus can save us a great deal of time on the way between home and school everyday, so we would be able to concentrate more time and energy on study.和父母沟通的时间少了Students have less opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have a negative impact on development of our personal character.3、效率l 好处方面It can enhance our work (study) efficiency greatly.l 坏处方面It will decrease our work (study) efficiency greatly.l 相关话题网络VS图书搜索信息With a wealth of information on the internet, searching for useful information can be time-consuming and inefficient.4、环境l 好处方面Sth. contributes to the improvement of environment.l 坏处方面Sth. has a detrimental impact on the invironment.l 相关话题（1）越来越多的人涌入大城市城市有更多的机会Big cities have greater opportunities compared with small cities.大城市生活多姿多彩the myriad life of the metropolis is also a lure for many people.大城市的生活环竟愈加恶化无可否认，大城市环境正处在一个恶劣的状况No noe can deny the fact that the environment in big cities is in an undesirable condition.(2)保护环境的紧迫性如果我们什么都不做，那么环境问题将会不可避免地加剧If nothing is to be done to protect the environment, the environmental problem will inevitably be aggravated.为了唤醒公众的环境保护意识，我们要采取很多方法。Various measures should be adopted to arouse publce awareness of environmental protection.减少使用交通工具可以解决交通问题以及很多的环境问题Reducing the use of vehicles could solve traffic problems and a host of environmental problems.5、经济、发展、就业l 好处方面Sth. contributes to the ( ) development of economy.空格可填：Long-term, sustainable, rapid and sound, comprehensivel 坏处方面Sth. will hamper the ( ) development of economy.空格可填：Long-term, sustainable, rapid and sound, comprehensivel 相关话题(1)大学生在校兼职Taking part-time jobs can relieve their family financial burden to some extent.影响学习 Can not concentrate all their time and energy on their studies. In short, it will interfere with their studies.出现拜金主义倾向There has been undesirable trend towards the worship of money among students.(2)考公务员热公务员，作为中国最稳定的职业之一，成为了他们更倾向的选择Civil servant, as one of the most stable professions, has become their preferable choice.较高的社会地位the high social position of civil servants is also an important factor.公务员的福利和收入the welfare and salary of civil servants ranks high among various kinds of professions.(3)考研、考证热受的教育越多，就业优势越明显The more education you have, the more likely you are to hold an advantage in the job markets.保证得到更有前景的工作A post-graduate degree can guarantee more promising career, better salaries and more opportunities for promotion and training.大学生面临严重的就业现状毕业就失业，毕业就创业问题很多大学未能使自己的课程适应经济的发展many colleges and universities fall to adapt their courses to the development of economy.(4)经济持续以高速发展economy has been developing at a considerably high speed in the past decades.随着经济的发展，越来越多的人们的生活变得优裕起来。With the development of economy, people in increasing numbers become better off.经济的快速发展改变了人们对生活的态度The rapid economic development also changes peoples attitude towards life.6、文化、教育l 好处方面It is conducive to the development and prosperity of culture.l 坏处方面It has detrimental effects on the development of culture.l 相关话题在大企业还是小企业工作受到企业文化的熏陶，你更容易掌握工作的标准流程Influenced by the enterprise culture, you are more likely to master the standard working process.小企业you are exposed to various experiences without much help or guidance, which is conducive to the improvement of practical skills.（二）主观个人角度独立、合作、自信、社会能力、健康、产生影响1、独立l 好处方面It can help people foster the consciousness of independence.l 坏处方面It is unfavorable to the formation of consciousness of independence.l 相关话题（1）孩子出国学习的年纪越来越小可以减少他们对父母的依赖It can reduce their dependence/reliance on parents.（2）和父母同住还是自己住他们不想被父母过度保护，而期待有机会去独自面对社会they dont want to be overprotected by their parents but long for chance to face the society by themselves.2、合作l 好处方面It can help people foster the consciousness of cooperation.l 坏处方面It is unfavorable to the formation of consciousness of cooperation.l 拓展句合作在追求成功的过程中扮演重要的角色cooperation plays a vital role in the course of achieving a goal.一个范围更大的合作，将能达成一个双赢的局面A more extensive cooperation can achieve a win-win situation.只有通过学校和家长的合作，青少年的心理分健康问题才能解决。Childrens mental problems can only be solved through cooperation between schools and parents.国际化的合作可以将自然灾难的破坏力降到最低。International cooperation can minimize the destructive force of natural disasters.3、自信l 好处方面It can help people build up/boost self-confidence.l 坏处方面It is unfavorable to the formation/improvement of self-confidence.l 相关话题（1）如何获得一份好工作要想留下深刻的印象，你必须传达自信和对工作的热情。To be deeply impressive, you must convey a sense of self-confidence and enthusiasm for work.（2）学生参加社会活动/兼职学生们在求职的过程中，会更有自信Students will be more confident in the course of job-hunting.4、社交能力沟通能力、实践能力、适应性l 好处方面It can help people enhance their social skills.l 坏处方面It is not conducive to the improvement of their social skills.l 相关话题大学生热衷竞选班干部，社会活动学生们可以锻炼实践能力Students can develop their personal capabilities.获得书本上得不到的经验Students can gain much experience that they will never be able to get from the textbooks.充分发挥他们的能力It can bring their abilities into full play.通过各种各样的社会活动，人们会接触到新的想法People will be exposed to new ideas t