生物七下期末试卷.doc

七年级生物下册检测题（2012）一、选择题1.人体的血液之所以是红色的，是因为下列哪种血细胞中含有哪种物质所致（ ）A.白细胞，纤维蛋白原 B.红细胞，纤维蛋白原 C.血小板，血红蛋白 D.红细胞，血红蛋白2.血液中的细胞包括（ ）A.红细胞、白细胞、血小板 B.红细胞和血浆 C白细胞和血浆 D血小板和血清3.某人手指不慎划破出血，血液中与止血和避免发炎有关的是（ ） A.血小板、血浆 B.血小板、白细胞 C.红细胞、血浆 D.白细胞、血浆4. 人呼出的气体和吸入的气体相比，成分的主要变化是（ ） A.氧增加，二氧化碳减少 B.氧和二氧化碳都不变 C.氧和二氧化碳都减少 D.氧含量减少，二氧化碳含量增加 5.血液在哪种血管中流得最慢，这有利于（ ）A.动脉，气体交换 B.静脉，物质交换 C.毛细血管，气体交换 D.毛细血管，物质交换6.血液在血管中的流向是（ ） A.静脉动脉毛细血管 B.静脉毛细血管静脉 C.动脉静脉毛细血管 D.动脉毛细血管静脉7.血液循环的动力器官是（ ） A.动脉 B.静脉 C.心脏 D.肺8. 吞咽食物和呼吸空气时都经过的器官是（ ）A. 咽 B. 鼻腔 C.口腔 D. 喉9.某同学在平静状态下的胸围79 cm，尽力吸气时的胸围是83 cm， 尽力呼气时胸围是76 cm，他的胸围差是（ ）A.3 cm B.4 cm C.7 cm D.5 cm10.动脉血变成静脉血的部位是（ ）A.左心室 B.肺动脉 C.肺泡外的毛细血管 D.手部毛细血管11. 吃饭时随意谈笑，食物能误入气管，原因是（ ） A. 声门裂开未来得及关闭 B. 会厌软骨盖住了食道入口 C. 悬雍垂未阻住鼻腔的内口 D. 会厌软骨未盖住喉的入口12. 下列关于平静状态下呼吸过程的叙述，哪项是正确的 （ ） A.胸廓扩大，肺扩张，肺内气压下降，外界气体经呼吸道进入肺 B.胸廓扩大，肺扩张，肺内气压上升，外界气体经呼吸道进入肺 C.胸廓回缩，肺缩小，肺内气压下降，外界气体经呼吸道进入肺 D.胸廓回缩，肺缩小，肺内气压上升，外界空气经呼吸道进入肺13.小红测量肺活量得到数据是：第1次3500ml,第2次3100ml，第3次2900ml，则她的肺活量是 （ ） A3500ml B3100ml C3000ml D3200ml14.形成尿液的器官是（ ） A.心脏 B.肾脏 C.肝脏 D.肺15.健康人肾小囊液中几乎不含有的物质是（ ）A.水 B.尿素 C.蛋白质 D.无机盐16. 人患急性炎症时，验血时往往会发现血液中增多的是（ ） A. 红细胞 B. 血小板 C. 白细胞 D. 血红蛋白17某山区的溪流中，常发现不变态的蝌蚪。由此推测，当地婴儿比其他地区患病机会增多的疾病是（ ） A、呆小症B、糖尿病C、侏儒症D、坏血病18.的正确顺序是（ ）血浆中的部分水、无机盐、葡萄糖和尿素等物质，经过肾小球过滤到肾小囊中，形成原尿血液流经肾小球和肾小囊壁 血液流经入球小动脉而剩下的水和无机盐、尿素等就形成了尿液当原尿流经肾小管时，全部葡萄糖与蛋白质、大部分水和部分无机盐被肾小管重新吸收A. B. C. D.19人眼能够看到远近不同的物体，主要是靠什么调节（ ） A.瞳孔 B.视网膜 C.晶状体 D.玻璃体20.外界物体反射来的光线，依次经过（ ） 到达视网膜。 A.瞳孔、角膜、晶状体、玻璃体 B.瞳孔、角膜、玻璃体、晶状体 C.角膜、瞳孔、晶状体、玻璃体 D.角膜、瞳孔、玻璃体、晶状体21近视眼看不清远处的物体，是因为物像落在（ ） A.视网膜的后方 B.视网膜的前方 C.视网膜上 D.盲点上22.人产生听觉的大致过程是 ( ) A.声波鼓膜外耳道听小骨耳蜗听觉神经大脑 B.声波鼓膜外耳道耳蜗听觉神经大脑听小骨 C.声波外耳道鼓膜听小骨耳蜗听觉神经大脑 D.声波外耳道听小骨鼓膜耳蜗听觉神经大脑23.下列现象中属于生来就有的简单反射的是（ ） A.幼儿见穿白衣的护士就哭 B.狗见主人则摇尾跟随 C.突然的声响引起人的寻视 D司机见红灯就停车24.食盐中加碘是预防（ ） A.巨人症 B.侏儒症 C.糖尿病 D.地方性甲状腺肿25.小兵感冒了，咽部发炎没及时治疗，却引起中耳炎，这是因为病菌通过侵染到中耳（ ） A.外耳道 B.咽鼓管 C.喉 D.耳廓26.当尿液中出现蛋白质时，说明肾脏发生病变的部位是（ ）A.肾小球 B.肾小囊 C.肾小管 D.收集管27.脑溢血引起的半身不遂，通常表现在脑损伤部位的（ ） A.同侧肢体 B.对侧肢体 C.上半部身体 D.下半部身体28所谓“十指连心”是因为（ ）A、指尖皮肤薄 B、指尖真皮层中有丰富的感觉神经末梢C、指尖血管丰富D、指尖表皮中有丰富的感觉神经末梢29.某人左侧躯体半身不遂，这是由于此人大脑皮层中有什么地方受损（）A、左侧躯体中枢B、右侧躯体运动中枢C、左侧躯体感觉中枢 D、右侧躯体感觉中心30人喝醉了酒，走路摇晃，站立不稳，这是由于哪一结构受到了酒精的麻痹（ ）A、大脑 B、小脑 C、脑干 D、脊31下列反射中哪个反射最高级（）A、缩手反射 B、眨眼反射 C、排尿反射 D、望梅止渴32.不同人种眼色不同的原因在于哪些结构存在的差异A虹膜B.角膜C巩膜. D. 脉络膜33肾脏的结构和功能的基本单位是 ( ) A、肾单位 B、肾小球 C、肾小囊 D、肾小管34能够产生卵细胞和分泌雌性激素的是（ ）A、卵巢 B、子宫 C、输卵管 D、胎盘35.某人已成年，智力正常，身高只有80厘米，他患的是（ ） A.巨人症 B.呆小症 C.侏儒症 D.甲亢36.下列反射中哪一种是人类特有的反射活动（ ）A.梅子的酸味刺激，引起唾液分泌 B.见到酸梅就分泌唾液 C.谈论酸梅也引起唾液分泌37.20世纪50年代日本发生的水俣病，是长期食用富含哪种元素的食物造成的（ ）（2页） A.铜 B.镁 C.锌 D.汞38人体排遗的器官是 （ ） A、肛门 B、盲肠 C、小肠 D、尿道39下列腺体即会有外分泌部分，又有内分泌部分A、唾液腺、B、肝脏 C、胰腺 D、肠腺53.从水浒传中描写“武大郎”的特征，可以推测出他 ( ) A、幼年期缺乏甲状腺激素 B、幼年期缺乏生长激素C、成年期缺乏甲状腺激素 D、成年期缺乏生长激素39.农民常把人畜粪便堆积在一起，高温沤制农家肥料。此举可以（ ）A.使细菌、真菌大量繁殖 B.将有机物分解 C.杀死各种病菌和虫卵 D.B和C都是39近年来，国家出台了退耕还林等许多鼓励性政策，以进一步扩大绿地面积。从生物学的角度看，植物如此受重视是因为其在自然环境中的作用有A、吸收灰尘降低噪音 B、制造氧气吸收有毒气体C、保持水土调节气候 D、以上三项都是40下列哪项不属于大气污染引起的（）A酸雨 B温室效应 C水俣病 D臭氧层破坏41北方沙尘暴形成的原因是（）A、沙土太多 B、风太大 C、植被破坏 D、水资源缺乏42下列属于条件反射的是（ ）（1）望梅止渴（2）画饼充饥（3）老马识途、（4）公鸡报晓（5）大雁南飞（6）杯弓蛇影（7）鹦鹉学舌A（1）（2）（3）（6）（7） B（1）（2）（3）（5） C（2）（3）（5）（6） D（1）（4）(5) (6)二、判断题1.血液流经肾小球毛细血管时发生了气体交换，由动脉血变成静脉血。（ ）2.神经系统是由脑和脊髓组成的。 （ ）3.手不慎被烫是先感觉到疼,然后再缩手。 （ ）4.狗的胰岛被切除后，发现狗的尿液中含有葡萄糖，这说明胰岛与降低血糖浓度有关。（ ）5.“入芝兰之室，久而不闻其香”，这句话是说嗅觉具有适应性。 （ ）6.白色人种与黄色人种眼颜色的区别是由虹膜决定的。 （ ）7.肾单位是由肾小球、肾小囊、肾小管组成的。 （ ） 8.英文字母“p”在视网膜上成的像是“b”。 （ ）9. 人体内形成尿液和排出尿液的过程都是间歇的 （ ）10. 人体排出的尿液都是废物，完全没有利用价值 （ ）11. 发热.对人体既有利又有害 （ ）12体温是人体体表的温度 （ ）13. 人体产生的能量全部用于各种生命活动 （ ）14.望梅止渴是非条件反射，画饼充饥是条件反射 （ ）15.所谓垃圾就是放错了地方的资源 （ ）16.实行“封山”，禁止砍伐一切树木。 （ ）17禁止一切捕捞活动，好让江河湖泊中的鱼长得又肥又大。 （ ）18.水也是清洁能源 （ ）四、连线题血小板减少 患血友病动脉 神经系统结构和功能的基本单位神经元 运血离心的血管血液循环的发现者 加拿大的班廷治疗狗的糖尿病的是 英国的哈维五、实践题1.人体排泄的途径有哪几条？分别排出哪些代谢废物？ （3页）2.简述什么是低碳生活。 3.保护眼的方法.。保护耳的方法。4.2005年春晚舞蹈千手观音的聋哑演员主要是靠手语老师的手势指挥完成表演的在整个表演过程中需要参与的大脑皮层中枢主要有，和 以及躯体运动中枢。5.小明扁桃体发炎。医生给他左手静脉点滴青霉素。药物经过怎样的途径到达扁桃体？6.看了下面这幅漫画，你有什么感想？你想怎样做？说一下好吗？7.“天苍苍，野茫茫，风吹草低见牛羊，”这是一幅美丽的大草原景象。大庆何尝不曾是这样。但学生调查大庆目前的状况是：开发石油时，由于没有注意保护植被，导致草原破坏；土地退化、沙化、盐碱化非常严重；土壤板结、裸地面积增大如果你是一个大庆人的后代，你该怎么办？ （4页）The seventh grade book1&book 2 biological detection problem (2012)A multiple choice,1. The human blood is a red, because which of the following blood cells contains material which caused by ()A. leukocytes, fibrinogen b. RBC, fibrinogenC. platelets, hemoglobin d. RBC, hemoglobin2. The blood cells including ()A. red, white, platelet B. The red and white blood cells and plasma C plasma D platelets and serum3. Someone accidentally cut bleeding finger, blood and hemostasis and avoid the related to inflammation is ()A. platelet, plasma b. platelet, white C. The red blood cells, plasma d. white blood cells, and plasma4. People out of gas and the gas inhaled, compared the main composition change is ()A. increase oxygen, carbon dioxide reduce b. oxygen and carbon dioxide are unchangedC. oxygen and carbon dioxide have been reduced by d. oxygen reduction, carbon dioxide content increased5. The blood shed blood vessels in which the slowest, this helps ()A. artery, gas exchange b. vein, material exchange cristiano capillary, gas exchange d. capillary, material exchange6. Blood vessels in the flow is ()A. vein and artery-capillary b. vein-capillary-veinC. artery and vein-capillary d. artery and vein and capillary7. The blood circulation of power organs is ()A. artery b. vein C. Heart d. lung8. Swallowing food and breath the air passes through organ is ()A. pharynx b. nasal C. Oral d. throat9. A classmate in calm state of the bust 79 cm, trying to breathe in the bust is 83 cm,Try to exhale bust is 76 cm, his chest is poor () a. 3 cm b. 4 cm C. 7 cm d. 5 cm10. Blood into venous blood location is ()A. left ventricular b. pulmonary artery C. Outside the alveolar capillary d. hand the capillaries11. Eat and optional, food can go trachea, the reason is ()A. the subglottic burst hardly closed b. epiglottis cartilage covering the esophagus entranceC. XuanYongChui not block the nasal cavity in mouth d. epiglottis cartilage not cover the throat the entrance12. The following about below quiet condition of the process of breathing narrative, which one is the right ()A. thoracic expand, lung expansion, the lungs pressure drop, the outside world through the respiratory tract gas into the lungsB. thoracic expand, lung expansion, the lungs pressure rise, the outside world through the respiratory tract gas into the lungsC. thoracic retraction, lung narrowed, the lungs pressure drop, the outside world through the respiratory tract gas into the lungsD. thoracic retraction, lung narrowed, rising pressure in the lungs, through the respiratory tract outside air into the lungs13. The little red measuring vital capacity to get the information is: the first 3500 ml, second 3100 ml, third 2900 ml,Then her vital capacity is () a. 3500 ml B. 3100 ml C. 3000 ml D. 3200 ml14. The formation of urine organ is the () a. heart b. kidney cristiano liver d. lung15. Healthy people in the renal capsule liquid almost does not contain material is () a. water b. urea cristiano protein d. inorganic salt16. People with acute inflammation, blood tests, often can find more in the blood is ()A. red blood cell B. Platelet C. White blood cells d. hemoglobin17 a mountain streams, often find no abnormal condition of tadpoles. At that, the local baby than other regions sickThe disease is increased opportunities () DaiXiaoZheng A, B, C, dwarf diabetes D, from scurvy18. (1) to (5) is the correct order ()(1) part of the water in plasma, inorganic salt, glucose and urea etc material, after glomerular filter to the renal capsule, form the original urine(2) the blood flowing through glomerular and renal capsule wall (3) small artery blood flows goal(4) and the rest of the water and inorganic salt, urea etc formed urine(5) when the original urine flows through renal tubular, all the glucose and protein, most of the water and parts of inorganic salt was renal tubular reabsorbed againA. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) B. (3) (4) (1) (2) (5) C. (3) (2) (1) (4) (5) D. (3) (2) (1) (4) (5)19 the human eye can see objects at different distances, mainly rely on what adjustments ()A. the pupil b. retinal cristiano lens d. vitreous20. External object reflective to light, which in turn after () to the retina.A. the pupil, cornea, lens, vitreous b. pupil, cornea, vitreous, lensC. cornea, the pupil, lens, vitreous d. cornea, the pupil, vitreous, lens21 myopic eyes clear things far off, because like fall in ()A. the retina of the rear b. ahead of the retina c. retina d. blind spot22. The general process of the person produces hearing is ()A. sound waves to an external, and listen to the little bone, and nerve to the brain cochlear hearingB. sound waves, and an external auditory nerve-and to the cochlea brain-listen to the little boneC., and an external sound waves to listen to the little bone, and nerve to the brain cochlear hearingD. sound waves to external canal to listen to the little bone-an-cochlear hearing and the brain and nerve23. The following phenomenon belongs to born simple reflection is ()A. in white children see the nurse will cry B. Dogs meet owner is with his tailC. Suddenly the sound of the cause people round for D driver see red light is parking24. Add salt iodine is prevention () a. giantism b. dwarfism C. Diabetes D. Local thyroid is swollen25. Batman caught a cold and pharyngeal inflammation didnt treated, but it caused otitis media, this is because germs infect through to the middle ear ()A. external canal b. eustachian tube cristiano throat d. auricle26. When appeared in the urine protein, specification kidney disease location is ()A. glomerular b. renal capsule C. Tubular d. collection tube27. Caused by cerebral haemorrhage half paralyzed, usually displays in parts of the brain damage ()A. with side body B, C of the body. The upper body d. below half body28 the so-called ten judges because ()A, B, fingertips fingertips thin skin in the dermal layer is rich in sensory nerve endingsC, D, rich fingertips blood vessels in the epidermis has rich fingertips sensory nerve endings29. Someone left half paralyzed body, this is because this person in the cerebral cortex where the damaged ()A, B, right on the left side body central body movement central C, the left feeling central D, the right body somatosensory center30 people get drunk the wine, walk shake, stand instability, this is due to a structure which by alcohol paralysis ()A, B, C, brain cerebellum brainstem D, ridgeAnd which of the following reflection reflection (), takes A top reflection B, blink reflex C, micturition reflex D, mood32. Different because of the different RACES look what structure differences a. iris b. corneal C sclera. D. choroidal33 the structure and function of kidney the basic unit is () A, B, and C renal units glomerular, renal capsule D, renal tubules34 could be able to produce eggs and secretion of the female hormone is () A, B, C, ovarian uterus, fallopian tube D placenta35. Someone has an adult, and normal intelligence, the height is only 80 centimeters, he is suffering from ()A. giantism B. DaiXiaoZheng cristiano dwarfism d. hyperthyroidism36. Which of the following reflection is uniquely human reflection activities ()A. plum sour taste stimulate, cause saliva is secreted b. see plum is secreted in saliva C. Talk about plum also cause saliva production37.20 s Japan happened ShuiYuBing, is rich in which element of the long-term consumption caused by food () (2 pages)A. copper b. magnesium cristiano zinc d. mercury38 the human body row survived the organ is () A, B, C, anus cecum small intestine D, urethraAnd the following glands namely will have WaiFenBi part, and endocrine part A, B, C, salivary gland liver, pancreas, D, intestinal53. From the original novel about wu3 da4 lang2 the characteristic, can gather that he () A, infancy lack of thyroid hormoneB, infancy lack of growth hormone C, adulthood lack of thyroid hormone D, adulthood lack of growth hormone39. The farmers often put human and livestock waste piling up in together, high temperature retting farm fertilizer system. The move can ()A. that bacteria, fungi multiply b. will decompose organic c. kill all sorts of bacteria and worm eggs D.B and CBut in recent years, the country has issued a converting cropland to forest and many other accommodative policy, in order to further expand the green area.From the point of view of biology, plant so valued because its role in the natural environmentA, absorb dust reduce noise B, producing oxygen absorb the noxious gas C, water and soil conservation regulating climate D, these three are40 which of the following does not belong to air pollution caused by () a. acid rain b. the greenhouse effect ShuiYuBing C d. ozone depletionAnd the causes of the formation of northern sand-dust storm is () of A and B, the wind sand too much too big C, vegetation destruction D, A shortage of water resourcesAnd the following conditions is the reflection of the belongs to () (1) (2) only came to (3) sense comes with age,(4) the cock cock (5) geese fly south (6) over suspicious (7) a parrotA (1) (2) (3) (6) (7) B (1) (2) (3) (5) C (2) (3) (5) (6) D (1) (4) (5), (6)Second, judge questions1. The glomerular capillary blood flows during the gas exchange, by blood into venous blood. ()2. The nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. ()3. Happened to be in the hot hand is to feel pain, then decided. ()4. The dogs islet is removed, found in the urine of dog containing glucose, it shows that islet and reduce blood sugar concentration relevant. ()5. into the chamber of ZhiLan, long and not hear its, this means the smell is need. ()6. The white race and yellow eye color is the difference between the race by iris decision. ()7. Kidney unit is by glomerular, renal capsule, renal tubular composition. ()8. English letter p in the retina into like a b. ()9. The body and the discharge of urine urine formation process is intermittent ()10. The human body to discharge of urine is waste, no use value ()11. Fever. Both advantages and harmful to human body ()12 body temperature is human body surface temperature ()13. Human body to produce energy all used in all kinds of life activities ()14. The mood is reflex, fine words butter no parsnips is conditioned reflex ()15. The so-called junk is in the wrong places resources ()16. A closed, banned all cut down trees. ()17 to ban all fishing a