九年级英语Unit 12 You are supposed to shake hands人教版（新目标）知识精讲.doc

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Such topic is very useful and practical. All of us can learn something about the customs of different countries from this unit.Target:Tell what people are supposed to do.Know the customs of different countries.Key words:kiss bow chopstick fork spoonnapkin greet rude wipe point pickPhrasesbe supposed to do 被期望做，应该 shake hands 握手for the first time 第一次 table manners 餐桌礼仪drop by 偶然拜访，顺便拜访 after all 毕竟，终究be on time 准时 (in) the wrong way 以错误的方式be relaxed about 对比较随意 a bit 一点make plan to do 计划做 point at 指着，指向leave for 动身去 stickinto 把戳入，插入go out ones way to do 特意做，想尽办法做 pick up 捡起，拾起be/get used to sth/doing sth 习惯于做某事 cut up 切碎make sb feel at home 使某人感觉像在家一样 be full 吃饱Sentences structureWhat are you supposed to do when you meet for the first time?Youre supposed to shake hands.Its rude to stick your chopsticks into your rice.Its polite to bow when you meet for the first time.What are you supposed to do?Youre supposed to Its rude toWhen were you supposed to arrive?I was supposed to arrive at 7:00, but I arrived at 8:00.You should have asked what you were supposed to wear.Language point:1. be ( not ) supposed to do sthsuppose v. “认定；假定”的意思，这里用的是被动形式，表示：被 (不被)期望 /（不）应该做某事强调礼仪中该做与不该做的，意思可以相当于should Youre supposed to kiss. = You should kiss. You are not supposed to smoke here. = You shouldnt smoke here. It is supposed to be very hot there. 据说，大家认为那儿很热。 复习be allowed to do sth 被允许做2. Its rude/ polite to do sth 做某事是有礼貌的/不礼貌的这个句式和以前接触过的句式类似，形式主语是it，后面的动词不定式是真正的主语。Its rude to point at anyone with your chopsticks.Its polite to say hello to your parents when you leave for school.3. but I made some mistakes make a mistake / make some mistakes4. You should have asked what you were supposed to wear should have done这是虚拟语气的一种表达方式，虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望、假想、建议等。5. Where Im from, were pretty relaxed about time.* Where Im from中where是副词，此处用法没有先行词，“在，于，或至的地方”Where theres no rain, farming is difficult.where经常引导以 place为先行词的定语从句* relaxed松弛的，通常用来修饰人; relaxing则修饰物The trip was relaxing, so he felt relaxed.6. Its Okay if you arrive a bit late.a bit, rather, kind of, 有点，相当Shes feeling a bit tired.7. Spending time with family and friends is very important us.* spending是动名词作主语，此时谓语动词应用单数。Reading books is a good way to learn English.* Sth is important to sb. 某事对某人来说是重要的。to作介词，意为“对来说”8. We often just drop by our friends house.drop by/in/over 偶然拜访Some friends dropped by to see me yesterday.9. Often we just walk around the town center, seeing as many of my friends as we can.* walk around, around是介词，四处，遍及的意思。look around 四处看看go around 四处逛show sb around 带某人参观follow sb around 四处跟着某人get around 观光，游览* asas, 中间用形容词、副词的原级He is as tall as he used to be.Please come here as quickly as possible.当asas用于否定句中时，还可以用soas10. In Switzerland, its very important to be on time.it用作形式主语，代替了真正的主语to be 这一不定式，不定式可以作主语，但往往用it作形式主语来代替。To help others is good when they are in trouble.Its good to help others when they are in trouble.11. We are the land of watches, after all.after all 毕竟，终究He succeeded after all.12. Also, we never visit friends house without calling first.without 是介词，后接名词或动名词，是“没有”之意，与with是反义词Can you do it without any help?He left without saying goodbye.13. We usually make plans to see friends.make a plan / plans to do 计划做We made a plan to go hiking yesterday.We have made plans for the holidays.plan还可以作为动词来用，如计划做某事，可以用plan to do sth / plan on doing sthWere planning to visit Tibet this summer.Dont plan on visiting Beijing in winter, because its too windy and cold.14. Point at anyone with your chopsticks. 用筷子指着别人。pointat瞄准，对着He is pointing his finger at me.pointto指向The hour hand pointed to twelve.15. They go out of their way to make me at home.go out of ones way to do sth 特意（花时间，心血）做某事，故意做某事He went out his way to help me.make sb be/feel at home使某人感觉像在家一样make sb adj /do Her smile made me feel at home.16. Although I still make lots of mistakes, it doesnt bother me like it used to.尽管我经常犯一些错，但它不像过去那样困扰我了。make lots of mistakes 犯许多错bother 打扰，烦扰Dont bother your father, he is working.used to do 过去常常，强调过去的习惯动作，而现在不那样了Life isnt so easy here like it used to be.17. I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now Im used to it.be used to sth/doing sth 习惯于，适应于Im not used to speaking like that. This machine is used to clean the windows.This machine is used for cleaning the windows.18. Youre not supposed to eat anything with your hands expect bread, not even fruit!expect除之外,但不包括在内，介词I get up early expect Sunday.besides 除之外，还有Nobody was late except me.Five others are late besides me.19. I have to say, I find it difficult to remember everything, but Im gradually getting used to things, and dont find them so strange any more.find it difficult to do sth 发现做某事很难it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式to do sthHe finds it difficult to stop smoking.get used to sth/doing = be used to sth/doing20. make an appointment/appointments with sb 与某人约会21. Questions crowded my head. 问题充满了我的大脑。crowd 动词，挤满，使充满Shoppers crowded the street.crowded 形容词，拥挤的 a crowded street22. Was I supposed to start at the outside and work in or the inside and work out?我是应该先从外面开始依次向里用，还是从里面开始依次向外用？Reading 23. And can you also write e-mail English? Maybe not.你也会写e-mail English吗？也许不。Maybe not = Maybe you can not.Maybe yes 也许是，也许可以，也许能。24. E-mail English is a new kind of written English that is being used to save time.that is being used to save time是定语从句，做written English的定语is being used是现在进行时的被动语态形式E-mail English是用来节省时间的一种新的书面英语。25. A lot of e-mail English words might look unfamiliar to us大量的e-mail English 可能对我们来说看起来很熟悉。be familiar/unfamiliar to sb 对某人来说（不）熟悉This name is so familiar to me.look familiar/unfamiliar to sb 看起来对某人来说（不）熟悉26. This is because they come from a computer program called ICQ, which means I seek you.这是因为它来自于一种被叫做ICQ的电脑程序，意思是I seek you.because they引导的是表语从句called ICQ called过去分词做定语后置，修饰programwhich means 是非限定性定语从句，代词which代表ICQ27. ICQ is an e-mail “chatline” that people use to have online conversation with friends.that people use to是定语从句，做定语修饰chatlineICQ是人们用来和朋友聊天的网上交流服务。28. Its created by combining letters and symbols, or numbers, to sound like other words.它是通过字母，符号或数字的组合创造出来的，而听起来却像其他的词。29. You are also supposed to use them to show the emotion you are feeling.you are feeling是定语从句，修饰emotion你也可以用它们来表现你的感受。【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）一、请你用所给词的适当形式完成下列句子。1. You are _ (suppose) to shake hands when you meet a Chinese friend.2. Keep your eyes _(close) when you are doing eye exercises.3. A knife is _ (use) for _(cut) things.4. Trees can keep water from _ (run) away.5. Do you still remember_(see) me somewhere in Beijing ?6. Everything was _( familiar ) with me because I was in Japan for the first time?7. Though you failed this time, dont give up_ (study) .You still have a lot of chances.8. _ ( spend ) time with family and friends is very important.9. Remember _(turn off) the light when you leave the room.10. People are pretty _( relax ) about time in Colombia.二、运用基础知识，完成下列句子。A. make noise while eatingB. point at others with chopstickC. say hello to othersD. wipe your mouth after dinnerE. talk loudly at the tableF. kiss or shake handsG. meet without saying anythingH. arrive too lateI. shake hands when you first meet someoneJ. eat while walking in the street1. Its rude to _.2. Its polite to _.三、选择正确答案。( ) 1. - Will you come to the dinner party? - I will not come until Jenny _.A. will be invited B. can be invited C. invited D. is invited( ) 2. John _ Beijing the day before yesterday.A. arrived at B. arrivedC. reached to D. arrived in( ) 3.In Switzerland, people _ visit a friends house.A. make plansB. make plans to C. makes plans to D. make a plan( ) 4. Its too hot. Do you mind _ the window?A. my closing B. my opening C. open D. close( ) 5.She _Shanghai next week.A. is leaving for B. leaves for C. leaved D. left( ) 6.What are you nervous _, Mary?A. in B. at C. on D. about( ) 7.We go to school every day _ Saturday and Sunday.A. besideB. besides C. except D. except for ( ) 8.Yang Liwei is proud _ his motherland.A. in B. of C. from D. for( ) 9. I find _ difficult to remember everything, though Im still young.A. thatB. thisC. itD. what( )10.He _ in his English Test Paper. His teacher was very angry with him.A. makes some mistakes B. make a mistake C. made few mistakes D. made many mistakes四、选择填空When you wave to a friend, you are using sign language. When you smile at someone, you mean to be _1_ when you put one finger in front of your _2_, you mean, “Be quiet.”Yet, people in different countries may use different sign language. Once an Englishman was in Italy. He could _3_ a little Italian. One day while he was walking in the street, he felt 4 and went into a restaurant. When the waiter came, the Englishman 5 his mouth, put his fingers into it and took them out again and moved his lips. In this way, he 6 to say, “Bring me something to eat.” But the waiter brought him a lot of things to 7 , first tea, then coffee, then milk, but no food. The Englishman was sorry that he was not able to tell the waiter he was hungry. He was 8 to leave the restaurant when another man came in and put his hands on his stomach. And this sign was 9 enough for the waiter. In a few minutes, the waiter brought him a large plate of bread and meat. 10 the Englishman had his meal in the same way.1. A. well B. friendly C. fine D. careful2. A. eyes B. legs C. mouth D. head3. A. write B. read C. say D. speak4. A. hungry B. tired C. cold D. ill5. A. pointed to B. reached for C. touched D. opened6. A. needed B. meant C. decided D. had7. A. eat B. watch C. drink D. read8. A. ready B. sure C. againD. afraid9. A. quick B. big C. strong D. clear10. A. At onceB. At last C. At first D. At times五、阅读理解(A)Dinner customs (习惯) are different around the world. If you are a guest in Ghana(加纳), this information will help you a lot.In Ghana, dinner is usually from four in the afternoon to six in the evening. But there are no strict rules (规则) about time. Whenever a guest arrives, a family offers food. When you go to a home, the person who receives guests takes you to the living room first. At this time everyone welcomes you. Then you go to the dinning room. There you wash your hands in a bowl of water. All the food is on the table.In Ghana you usually eat with your fingers. You eat from the same dish as everyone else .But you eat from one side of the dish only. It is not polite to get food from the other side of the dish. After dinner, you wash your hands again in a bowl of water.Most meals in Ghana have a dish called fufu. People in Ghana make fufu from the powder(粉末) of some plants. Sometimes they cut the fufu with a saw(锯子) because it is very hard. You must chew(咀嚼) fufu well, or you may get sick. You eat fufu with the fingers of your right hand only.( ) 1.From the passage we know that in Ghana _.A. the rules for dinner time are not strict B. dinner is always at six in the eveningC. a family offers food only at four in the afternoonD. people usually invite their guests to dinner late in the evening( ) 2.If you are a dinner guest in Ghana, the host (主人) always takes you to _.A. the dining room first B. the living room firstC. the kitchen first D. the garden first( ) 3.People in Ghana usually eat _.A. from one side of a dish to the other B. from the other side of the dishC. with their fingers D. with their spoons( ) 4.In fact, most dishes in Ghana _.A. are cooked with the powder of some plants B. have fufu in themC. are too hard to eat D. are not very hard( ) 5.When you eat fufu, youd better _.A. cut it with a saw B. use your right hand onlyC. chew it well D. all of the above (B)In western countries, especially in America, some social customs have lasted still today. For example, ladies first, that is to say, women in those countries are respected in many ways.In the U.S. and Europe, you will see men usually open doors for women and women generally walk ahead of men into a room or a restaurant unless the man have to be ahead of the ladies to choose the table, to open the door of a car or to give other services. On the street, men almost walk or across the street on the side of the ladies which is closer to traffic, but if a man walks with two ladies, he should walk between them.( ) 1. In this passage “customs” refers to _.A. what a group of people usually doB. what people in western countries doC. what people in eastern countries doD. what people in United States do( ) 2. When you address a group of people in English, you will probably begin with _.A. men and womenB. women and menC. gentlemen and ladies D. ladies and gentlemen ( ) 3. In which country people may think it strange that men should open doors for women?A. England.B. Italy.C. Japan.D. Germany.( ) 4. Which of the following statements is not true?A. In Europe, a man generally follows a woman when they enter a restaurant together.B. In America a man who walks ahead of a women always gives services.C. In the U.S., women almost always walk closer to the running cars.D. In the U.S. men should always walk by the side of the ladies.( ) 5. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of this passage?A. In we