【英语】新人教必修3 难句透视(Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”).doc

三、难句透视1.Many people think it is the most beautiful city in Canada ,as it is surrounded by mountains on the north and east and the Pacific Ocean on the west.很多人认为温哥华是加拿大最漂亮的城市，因为它北部、东部由高山环绕，西部临太平洋。【剖析】这是一个主从复合句，在主句中think后跟了一个宾语从句，as引导了一个原因状语从句。其中be surrounded by 是被所包围之意。【归纳】as, because ,for 与sincebecause 语气最强，所表示的是why的直接理由或原因；若说话人认为事因已比较清楚，主要是为了表明语言或思维上的因果关系就用as或since ;for是并列连词，两个分句之间有时并不存在着困果关系，此时for 分句只是说话人为了对前面的分句所表示的事实进行推论而主观设立的一种论据，for 不放于句首。Because I was ill for one year, I lost my job.因为我病了一，所以我失业了。Since everyone is here ,lets begin our class.既然大家都来了，咱们就开始上课吧。活学巧用1.1）单项填空(1)_ everybody knows about it, I dont want to talk any more.A.ForB.EvenC.SinceD.However答案:C（2）It rained last night， _ the ground is wet this morning.A.forB.sinceC.becauseD.even答案：A2）单句改错（1）Because he was ill, so he didnt come to school._答案：去掉so（2）Although he is in poor health, but he works hard._答案：去掉but2.The cousins were invited to have dinner in downtown Chinatown, one of the three in Toronto.表姐妹应邀在市区的中国城吃饭，这是多伦多三个中国城中的一个。【剖析】be invited to do sth. 被邀请做某事one of the three in Toronto 是Chinatown 的同位语。downtown Chinatown 多伦多市中心的老中国城，以登士达（Dundas）街为中心，店铺多为餐馆、洗衣店、中国特产店等。【归纳】downtown adj.adv.&n.adj. 市中心的，闹市的a downtown branch of a bank一家银行在商业区的分行He lives in downtown New York.他住在纽约市中心。adv.往城里，往市中心Lets go downtown this afternoon.今天下午我们到市中心去吧。The hotel is situated two miles of downtown.那家旅馆位于闹市区以北两英里。活学巧用2.把下列短语译成汉语，注意介词和冠词的用法。（1）go to town_答案：进城（2）go downtown_答案：到城市的商业区去（3）go abroad_答案：出国（4）go upstairs/downstairs _答案：上楼（下）楼（5）turn right/left_答案：向右（左）转（6）move downtown_答案：搬到市中心商业区去（7）go up and down in the room_答案：在房间里来回走（8）go westwards_答案：向西走（9）invite suggestions from sb._答案：征求某人的建议3.It is the second biggest country in the world and as you go eastward, you will see mountains ,and pass by thousands of lakes ,forests and wide rivers as well as cites.它是世界第二大国，当你一路东行时，除了城市你还会看到山脉，会经过上千个湖泊、森林、大河等以及城市。【剖析】这是一个复合句。第一个and 连接了两个分句。第二个分句又是一个复合句，as 引导一个时间状语从句。【归纳】go eastward 向东行，eastward 是adv.thousands of 数千；成千上万的注意：million, billion, thousand, hundred, score（20）,dozen（12）之前有确定的数字时，不论后面有无of,词尾都不加s。活学巧用3.1）完成句子（1）They will travel by night _ （也） by day.答案:as well as （2）_（数千名工人） are on strike in that city.答案：Thousands of workers（3）The ship _（向东航行） 20 miles.答案：sailed eastward（s）2)单项填空（1）He has _ books in his study.A.several thousandsB.some thousands ofC.some thousandsD.some thousand of答案：B（2）It took me _ days to finish drawing a beautiful horse.A.a half dozenB.half a dozenC.half dozensD.half dozen提示：half a dozen 是“半打”之意。答案：B（3）John plays football _ ,if not better than, David.A.as wellB.as well asC.so wellD.so well as答案：B4.That night they slept as the train rushed through the night across the top of Lake Superior, through the great forests and southward towards Toronto.当晚，火车在夜间穿行，驶过苏必利尔湖北部，穿过大森林，开向南部的多伦多，这时候他们安然入睡。【剖析】这是一个复合句，主句是they slept; as 引导的是时间状语从句，在该从句中the train 是主语，rushed 是谓语，有四个状语，分别是through the night, across the top of Lake Superior, through the great forests 和 southward towards Toronto.【归纳】（1）注意介词across 与through 的用法区别：across “横过；穿过”，着重指从一条线或一物体表面的一边到另一边；含义与on 有关：across the street 横过马路through穿过，从中通过，着重指从空间的一头纵穿到另一头；含义与in有关：through the tunnel 穿过隧道（从隧道中间通过）。（2）towards 是介词而不是副词，意思是向，朝，如：She was walking towards town when I met her.我遇到她时，她正往镇子那边走。southward（s） 是副词，表示“向”。注意：方位副词+ward/wards, 构成adj./adv.，表示“向方向”。如：backward 向后的downward 向下的northward（s）向北活学巧用4.1）单项填空（1）The old man made his way _ the heavy snow.A.crossB.acrossC.throughD.in提示: through the snow “在雪中穿行”；through the rain “在雨中行走”。答案:C（2）_ the end of the afternoon, it began to rain.A.BackwardsB.upwardsC.TowardsD.Downwards提示:只有C（towards）是介词，故选C。答案：C2)单句改错（每句只有一处错误）（1）He was walking across the rain._答案：across through（2）Tom came through the square._答案：throughacross（3）When they went to eastward, they saw a big river._答案：去掉to 5.They went through a wheat-growing province and saw farms that were thousands of square kilometres in size.火车穿过一个种植小麦的省份，他们看见了面积有数千平方公里的农场。【剖析】本句是一个复合句，由一个主句和一个定语从句组成。that 引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词farms.【归纳】go through 是一个词组，有多种意思：经历，遭受（痛苦）（=experience）通过，穿过（=get/pass+through）仔细查看，审查（=look at carefully）浏览，翻阅（=look through）完成，做完（=finish/ complete）花完，用光（=cost sth./use up）在本句中，go through 是“通过；穿过”之意。wheatgrowing 是一个复合形容词，意为“种植小麦的”。这是复合形容词的构成形式之一：名词+现在分词。例如：English-speaking（讲英语的）peace-loving（爱好和平的）world-shaking（震撼世界的）life-saving（救生的）square kilometres （平方公里）square adj.平方的。另外square 还可以作名词，意思是广场。如：Tian anmen Square 天安门广场。活学巧用5.1）完成句子（每空一词）（1）我一完成我的工作就去看你。As soon as I _ _ _ _, Ill go to see you.答案:go through the work（2）这位老太太只得在没有暖气的条件下度过这个冬季。The old lady had to _ _ _ _ without heating at home.答案：go through the winter2)单项填空（1）The early pioneers had to _ many har