高考名词性从句复习课件.ppt

名词性从句 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句 名词性从句 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 I名词性从句的种类 1 Whenwewillstartisnotclear 2 MrsBlackwon tbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief 3 Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow 4 Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend II 语序问题 1 Thephotographswillshowyou A whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB whatourvillagelookslikeC howdoesourvillagelooklikeD howourvillagelookslike 2 Heasked foraviolin A didIpayhowmuchB IpaidhowmuchC howmuchdidIpayD howmuchIpaid 请你归纳 在名词性从句中 除了关联词在从句之首外 其它部分应用 的语序 陈述句 名词性从句的连接词 一 主语从句 连词that 无词义 不作成分 不能省略 whether 是否 if不能位于句首 Thathewillcomeandhelpusiscertain Whetherwewillsucceedisstillaquestion Itisnotknownifhewillcome 注意 已确定的事由that引导 没决定的事由whether引导 3 连接副词when ever where ever why how ever howlong howoften howsoon howfar howmany much等 Whenthetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided Howmuchwecanspendmustbeagreedon 2 连接代词what whatever who whoever whose which whichever等 Whatheishasnothingtodowithyou Whoseticketthisishasnotbeenfoundout 有时为避免句子头重脚轻 常用it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首 而把主语从句置于句末 主句的谓语动词一般用单数形式 常用句型如下 1 It be 名词 that从句2 It be 形容词 that从句 3 It be 动词的过去分词 that从句4 It 不及物动词 that从句 Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的 Itisapitythat it sashamethat It snowonderthat Itissuggestedthat It srequestedthat It sproposedthat It sdesiredthat 注意 在主语从句中用来表示惊奇 不相信 惋惜 理应如此等语气时 谓语动词要用虚拟语气 should do 常用的句型有 ItisnecessaryIt simportantthatIt snaturalstrange etc 特殊句式 1 Ihate whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull A itB thatC theseD them2 Ifeel strangethatheshouldbesocareless A B itC thatD how3 Itworriedherabit herhairwasturninggrey A whileB thatC ifD for 为了使句子保持平衡 常用it来代替主语从句或宾语从句 而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面 尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中 归纳 主语从句的主谓一致 1 主语从句通常被看作一个整体 主句的谓语动词用单数形式 Thattheywillcomeiscertain 2 由who whoever引导的主语从句的单复数要视从句中的单复数而定 Whoeversaythataretobepunished Whoaregoingtherehavebeendecided 3 What引导主语从句时 主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定 Whathewantsarethesebooks Whathewantsissomewater 二 宾语从句 1 由连词that引导 that常可省略 Itoldhim that Iwouldcomebacksoon 注 并列第二个以上的宾语从句 或有插入语时不能省略that Hesaid that hehadfinishedreadingthisnovelandthathewouldborrowanotherone 当that引导的从句作复合宾语的第一个成分时 需用先行词it作形式宾语 把从句放到句末 that不能省略 Weconsideritpossiblethatheisill IhearditsaidthathehadgonetoAustralia 2 由wh 疑问词引导 Wefullyunderstoodwhathemeant Goandaskwhyhewaslateyesterday Iaskedhowhewasgettingon HeaskedmewhetherornotIwasIwasbusy Whateverhedoeshedoeswell Wewillchoosewhoeverisfit whether与if有时可以换用 但下列情况只能用whether 1 介词后的宾从 Everythingdependsonwhetheritisfinetomorrow 2 whether ornot的宾从 Idon tknowwhetherornotshe lllikeit 3 复合不定式只能用whether Telluswhethertogoorstayhere 4 习惯上作discuss的宾从只用whether 但 宾语从句否定时常用if引导 Heaskedifyouwouldnotgoandseehim 三 表语从句 表语从句的引导词与主语从句和宾语从句相同 但 1 that引导表语从句时不能省 2 if不能引导表语从句 3 seem appear后可接that引导的从句 而look则不可 这三个词后都可用asif asthough引导从句 Itseems appearsthathewaslateforthetrainyesterday Itseems appears looksasifwehavetogohomeonfoot Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue Hisdelayisduetothefactthatthecarwentwronghalfway 四 同位语从句 同位语从句一般跟在名词fact news promise truth belief thought idea answer information knowledge doubt hope law opinion plan suggestion后面 用以说明或解释前面的名词 注 1 that引导同位语从句与that引导定语从句的区别 引导同位语从句的that无实际意义 不作从句的任何成分 而引导定语从句的that从句的某个成分 Hetoldmethenewsthatourteamwonthematch Hetoldmethenewsthatwasveryexciting Weareinterestedinthenewsthatsomeforeignerswouldvisitourschool Weareinterestedinthenewsthathetoldus 2 在havenoidea之后常用wh 引导同位语从句 Ihavenoideawherehehasgone Ihavenoideawhenhedidit Ihavenoideawhathedid 1 that与what2 if与whether3 who与whoever4 what与whatever IV 关联词的区分 1 用that或what填空 1 Iwonderifthisis youarelookingfor 2 Ourschoolisquitedifferentfrom itwasbefore 3 Fathermadeapromise ifIpassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeacomputer what what that 4 Ican tunderstandiswhyhehaschangedhismind 5 theearthisroundisknowntousall 归纳 What That 连词 在从句中不作成分 不含有疑问意义 而 在从句中作成分 常含有疑问意义 that what what whatever who whoever 1 wassaidheremustbekeptsecret 2 weneedismoretime 3