整合英语阅读与写作教学案例.doc

整合英语阅读与写作教学案例湖北襄阳四中 杨启霞摘要：本文通过研究高一英语新教材，对英语阅读与写作相结合的教学进行了探究。关键词：阅读教学 阅读与写作相结合 整合案例 写作作为语言运用的基本技能之一在高考中占的分值较多，在我国高中英语教学中也一直是个薄弱而困难的环节。随着教学改革的不断推进，高中英语课程也进行了相应的修改。新课程标准以素质教育和促进学生的发展为根本宗旨，发展学生自主学习和合作学习的能力，旨在培养学生的综合语言运用能力。笔者根据标准和新的教学理论的要求，在对近两年高考书面表达分析的基础上，结合自己的教学实践，对教师应如何充分利用教材资源，培养学生的写作技能进行了探索。、 开展写作课的指导理论 1、新课标的写作要求 标准规定的课程目标义务教育阶段以一至五级的目标为基础，高中阶段共有四个级别（六至九级）的目标要求。其中七级是高中阶段必须达到的级别要求。标准六至九级对学生的写作目标要求概括如下：规范了书写格式。学生在写作时要注意标点符号的使用和单词的拼写。其中九级目标就要求学生在各种体裁的写作过程中做到文字通顺、格式正确。扩大了写作体裁的范围。其中七级目标要求学生能写出常见的应用文、叙述文、描述人或事、填写表格、改编短剧等。提高了写作能力的要求。其中八级目标要求学生能写出语意连贯且结构完整的短文，写作中做到文体规范、语句通顺。九级目标要求学生能比较详细和生动地用英语描述情景、态度或感情，阐述自己观点和评述他人观点时，文体恰当，用词准确。提高了学生引用和处理资料的要求。其中九级目标要求学生能在写作中恰当地处理引用的资料及他人的原话。强调培养学生养成良好的写作习惯和创新思维能力，注重表达的逻辑性和准确性，从而逐步掌握写作技能。 2、系统论 外语教学是一个系统，写作教学是其中的一个子系统，与听、说、读等教学共同构成一个科学的大系统，它是由英语词汇、语法、主题及其写作手法和技巧等相互依赖，相互作用的诸要素组成的有机整体。 3. 建构主义学习理论认为，学习者知识的获取不是通过教师传授得到的，而是学习者在一定的情境即社会文化背景下，借助其他人(包括教师和学习伙伴)的帮助，利用必要的学习资料，通过意义建构的方式而获得。 4. 输入是语言学习的手段，是习得的先决条件，是基础。输出是目的。是习得的必要途径，也是语言学习的终极目的。在我国这种没有第二语言环境的情况下，语言输入是必要的，没有输入就不可能有输出。但是没有输出，学习者就不会注意到一些语言形式，不会使输入内化和吸收，所以二者相辅相成，缺一不可。阅读和写作分别是语言输入和输出的重要环节，作为输入”的阅读必然对“输出”的英语写作的促进作用。、高一英语新教材与英语写作的关系现行高中英语教材中的课文话题广泛，体裁多样，表达形式活泼，为英语写作的教与学提供了许多优秀的学习材料。笔者研究了高一英语新教材的内容，把每单元阅读话题与写作相结合进行写作训练，结果如下：必修1写作主题 UnitTopics of reading Writing practice Unit 1Friendship你的英国朋友Jack来信就“如何交友”向你征求建议， 请你给他回信就该问题谈一谈你的建议。Unit 2English Around the World你班就“Why should we learn English?”这一话题进行了激烈讨论，请根据表格提示内容写一篇海报。Unit 3Travel Journal你的新西兰朋友Nick将于八月来襄阳旅游特发来电子邮件询问有关旅游景点的情况，请根据表格回电子邮件并表示盼望他的到来。Unit 4Earthquakes日本东北部海域2011年3月11日发生里氏9.0级大地震并引发海啸，造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失，请据此消息写一篇关于日本地震的作文。Unit 5Nelson Mandela-a Modern Hero根据以下表格写一篇介绍运动员孙悦的短文。必修2写作主题 UnitTopics of reading Writing practice Unit 1Cultural Relics根据以下提示写一篇Mary与中国文物张大千的画作之间的故事。Unit 2The Olympic Games 以My Favorite Sport为题写一篇关于你最喜欢的体育项目的短文。Unit 3Computers社会发展到了2080年，你公司顺应社会需求推出了家用机器人，请根据内容提示写一篇发言稿在新闻发布会上推荐这一产品。Unit 4Wildlife Protection假定你是中学生王林写信给21世纪报的编辑反映目前滥养宠物造成的很多问题，希望得到媒体的关注和支持。Unit 5Music写一篇短文介绍你喜欢的一个乐队及歌曲。必修3写作主题 UnitTopics of reading Writing practice Unit 1Festivals Around the World假如你是李明给你的外籍朋友Jack写信介绍一下中国人欢度春节的情况。Unit 2Healthy Eating根据以下要点提示以”The Ways to Keep Healthy”为题写一篇短文。Unit 3The Million Pound Bank Note根据以下提示写一篇关于建国大业The Founding of a Republic的影评。Unit 4Astronomy: the Science of the Stars假定你有一个机会去研究天文学，你最感兴趣的是什么,你将做哪些准备。Unit 5Canada-the True North假定你是李华给你的朋友写信介绍改建后北京前门大街的情况。必修4写作主题 UnitTopics of readingWriting practiceUnit 1Women of AchievementMark Twain是美国19世纪著名的作家之一，他的许多作品深受人们喜爱并翻译成了多种语言。请根据表格提示写一篇人物简介。Unit 2Working the Land写一篇推销绿色食品的海报。Unit 3A Taste of English Humour仔细观察四幅图，以Not the Same One为题用英语把提供的情景描述出来。Unit 4Body Language假定你是李华，学校给高一年级每周安排了两节口语课,由外教授课，同学们就上不上外教课展开讨论，请根据提示写一篇短文。Unit 5Theme Parks一家宾馆新开业希望吸引外国宾客，请你用英语为其写一篇文字介绍在互联网上进行宣传。、阅读与写作教学的整合案例现以必修1第四单元Earthquakes为例，谈谈如何把阅读与写作教学相结合。Teaching procedures:Step I. Warming upGood morning class. Have you ever experienced any natural disasters? Look at the pictures, can you name all the disasters?Have you ever experienced an earthquake? Can you describe how terrible an earthquake is?(The earth is shaking; all the buildings will fall down; many people will die; many children will become orphans.)Now, look at the pictures of Tangshan and San Francisco in warming up and describe what you see in the pictures. (beautiful cities; broad roads; tall building; large population.)What will happen if there has been a big earthquake in these two cities?As we all know, earthquakes are disasters to everyone. But can we avoid or at least reduce the loss caused by earthquakes? Can we foretell earthquakes? Now lets come to Pre-reading and decide what may happen before an earthquake comes.Step . Fast readingToday, well learn a text “A Night the Earth didnt sleep” First, lets look at the title again, why the earth didnt sleep for a night? What happened? What does the passage mainly talk about? Exchange your understanding of the passage with group members and work together to find the main idea of each part.Main idea of each part:Part 1 (para.1):Strange things were happening before the earthquake.Part 2 (para.2-3):The disaster happened and caused a lot of loss.Part 3 (para.4): All hope was not lost.Step 3. careful readingRead carefully and try to get more information to fill in the blanks.Part 1:Strange thingsthe water in the village wellsrose and fellthe well walls had deep cracks and a smelly gas came outthe chickens and pigswere too nervous to eatmice ran out of the fields, looking for places to hidefishjumped out of the bowls and pondsPart 2: Get the students to find some details of this part.Details:1. At 3:42 am, the greatest earthquake of the 20th century began.2. Steam burst from holes in the ground.3. Hard hills of the rock became rivers of dirt.4. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.5. Two dams and most of the bridges fell.6. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel.7. Sand now filled the wells instead of water.8. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.Part 3: How were the people helped by the army?*The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.*Miners were rescued from the coal mines.*Shelters were built for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.*Fresh water was taken to the city.Step DiscussionWhat shall we do or not do if an earthquake happens?DosDontsstay in a small room, such as kitchen or bathroombe close to the outside wall hide under the table or bed, if you havent timestay on the balconyto escape , you may stand close to the inside wall with some things covering on the head.jump out of the tall buildingsUse the liftif you stay in the open air, keep off the tall building and go to the fields without trees .stay close to tall buildings or treesStep Writing Task题目要求日本东北部海域2011年3月11日发生里氏9.0级大地震并引发海啸，使得许多建筑物被毁，电力和通讯被中断，管道破裂，造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失。请据此消息写一篇关于日本地震的作文。要求如下：写一封e-mail向好朋友Mary讲述自己所了解到的关于日本地震的一些情况。1.描述日本地震发生的时间、地震情况。2.表达自己的感受和对日本地震的反思。（如：1.日本政府以及各个行业的应急系统并没有陷入瘫痪；2.民众的冷静和有序，显示出公民素质的整体 水平；3.媒体及时传递信息，起到了稳定人心的作用等。）3.做为一名学生，应该从小加强防灾避震的安全知识学习。联想词汇袭击 hit、strike 海啸 tsunami 伤害 damage、destroy 损失 loss 切断、中断 cut off 严重受损、破败不堪 in ruins 陷入困境 be trapped in 许多、大量的 a great number of 援救 rescue由词连句日本东北部海域2011年3月11日发生里氏9.0级大地震并引发海啸，许多建筑物被毁，电力和通讯被中断，管道破裂，造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失。On March 11, 2011, a strong/terrible earthquake hit northeastern Japan. The earthquake and the tsunami it caused made _. As a result, _.日本政府以及各个行业的应急系统并没有陷入瘫痪The emergency system in government and other businesses were not _although _.民众的冷静和有序，显示出公民素质的整体水平The public kept calm and behaved in order, which showed_.媒体及时传递信息，起到了稳定人心的作用The latest news sent by the media _.连句成篇Dear Mary,Have you heard of the earthquake in Japan?An earthquake shook Japan with historic strength on March 11, 2011. The earthquake and the tsunami it caused made many buildings destroyed, pipes burst out and electricity cut off. As a result, a great number of people lost their lives and become homeless and made huge lo