现代大学英语精读4_lesson1--lesson8课后答案.doc

Key to the Exercises3.15) out of sight 16) in this instance 17) to think well/ill of sb 18) to confront sb with sth 19) to lag behind 20) to confer sth on sb 21) for my money 22) to be too much for sb 23) to make for 24) to set out to do sth 25) few and far between 26) to aspire to 27) at the best of times 28) all over again 29) to do away with 30) to stand to lose 4.Increase your vacabulary with the help of the rules of word-building1) Find the most useful derivatives of the following. satisfy: satisfied, satisfying, satisfactory, satisfaction, unsatisfied, dissatisfied resist: resistance, resistant, irresistible just: unjust, justice, injustice, justify, justified, justification, justifiable cohere: coherent, coherence, incoherent, incoherence center ( v): center (n. ), central, centralize, centralization, decentralize, decentralization visit: visitor, visitation, revisit (The following words are also related to visit: visible, invisible, visibility, vision, visual, television, supervise) integrate: integration, integrated, integral, disintegrate, disintegration, integrity More Work on theText Vocabulary1.1) into Chinese.1) into Chinese. (1)浴巾 (2) (美)小学 (3)永恒的真理 (4)文件柜 (5)纯属无稽之谈 (6)违规行为 (7)常客 (8)新鲜空气 (9)格调很高的独自(一个人唱高调)(10)一种固定的观点 (11)时事(当前国内外大事) (12)身体障碍 (13)可怕吓人的风 (14)令人厌恶的景象 (15)言语障碍 (16)使人兴奋冲动的爱国激情 (17)无情的人侵者 (18)首相 (19)国际联盟(国联) (20)思维过程(思想方式) (21)条理清楚的文章 (22)一个完整的体系 (23)一位口译好手 (24)一种不可阻挡的趋向 (25)烂苹果 (26)根据事实(启示写成的 (27)一位点头之交 2) into English. (1) to sink ones head (2) to sink the ship (3) to contemplate the meaning of life (4) to catch the light (5) to ruin ones health (6) to ruin the country (7) to bang the desk (8) to playa prominent role (9) to hold a prominent position (10) a pious Buddhist (11) to gain a reputation (12) to satisfy ones ego (13) to give sb the third degree (14) to devise a teaching method (15) to slide a gun into sbs hand 2.1) Synonyms. (1) to spring (to jump, to leap)(2) lest (for fear that) (3) utterly (completely) (4) to symbolize (to represent) (5) to sink ones head (to lower . )(6) to contemplate (to think/ponder) (7) spectacles (glasses) (8) impediment (barrier, obstacle) (9) to collapse (to fall/to tumble down) (10) to ruin (to destroy)(11) to vanish (to disappear) (12) oddly (strangely) (13) to aspire to (to desire/to aim for) (14) to do away with (to eliminate) (15) to stop/give up (smoking) (to quit) (16) deficiency (weakness, fault, shortcoming) (17) folly (stupidity)2) Antonyms. (1) coherent (incoherent) (2) mental (physical) (3) disinterested (interested) (4) hideous (pleasant) (5) settled (unsettled) (6) frequent (infrequent) (7) integration (disintegration) (8) proficient (incompetent) (9) to destroy (to create) (10) to surpass (to lag behind) (11) remorseless (remorseful) (12) to vanish (to appear) (13) accustomed (unaccustomed) (14) irreverent (reverent) (15) few and far between (many, innumerable, countless, numerous) (6) loyalty (disloyalty) (17) contented (discontented) (18) pre-war (post-war) (19) prominent (unimportant) 3. Translate1) I knew I could expect my brother to stand by me whatever happened. 2) As a general rule, young people tend to be more interested in the present and the future. 3) Both sides will stand to lose if they do not compromise. 4) It is our hope to integrate all the courses and teaching materials. 5) The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating our nation. 6) In traditional Chinese art, the bamboo stands for moral integrity and uprightness. 7) The great majority of the people stand for reform. 8) Queen Elizabeth the First ruled England for 45 years, and the country prospered under her rule. 9) The truth is always in the hands of a small minority at first. Thats the rule. 10) Democracy means that the majority rules, but the minoritys right to disagree is also respected. These two basic rules are of equal importance. 11) A nation cannot be strong unless it is well-integrated economically, politically and culturally as well as geographically. 13) The party was boring, so she slipped out of the room and went home. 14) The road was muddy. He slipped and fell into the river. 15) One day I was drowning my sorrows in a restaurant because I was broke when he came and slipped a roll of money into my hand. 16) The Court of Florida ruled that it was necessary to recount the votes. 17) The idea that the sun moves round the earth ruled ancient scholars for more than a thousand years. 18) The hutongs are an integral part of old Beijing. 19) Days slipped by and I still had not made much progress. 20) He weighed every word carefully lest he should make a mistake. 21) Her health was such that she would not go out in the sun even in winter lest she got sunstroke. 4.1)c. 2) A. 3) D. 4) A. 5) B. 6) B. 7) C. 8) B.9) A.10) C.11)D 12) A.13) A.14) B.5.1) (1) sexy (2) sexual (3) sexy (4) sexist (5) sexual 2) (1) uninterested (2) disinterested (3) disinterested (4) disinterested, uninterested 3) (1) Literary (2) literally (3) literate (4) literal (5) literary 4) (1) bulging (2) sticking out of (3) bulging (4) bulging (5) sticking out of ( 6) protruding, protruding 5) (1) slid (2) slip (3) slipped (4) sliding (5) slip6) (1) prestige (2) reputation (3) reputation (4) prestige 61) decisive 2) sang beautifully 3) robust 4) soft 5) democratic 6) eloquent 7) have lost his appetite. 8) The slice of meat was so thick that it was quite (transparent). 9) His room was surprisingly clean and tidy. It was almost as clean as (pigsty). 10) Many people are just as original as (parrots). 7(1) their (2) even(3) reason (4) disagree(5) to express(6) thinking(7) for(8) dealing with(9) Staying (10) hungry(11) gains (12) born of (13) can (14) superficial (15) when III Grammar11) Point out the parallel construction and its grammatical form in each of these sentences. (1) not by thought; by an invisible and irresistible spring in his neck-two prepositional phrases (contrast) (2) unconscious prejudice; 19norance; hypocrisy-three noun phrases (listing) (3) as proficient as most businessmens golf; as honest as most politicians intentions; as coherent as most books that get written-three comparative adjective phrases (listing) (4) all shouting the same thing; all warming their hands at the fire of their own prejudicestwo absolute constructions (listing) (5) watching the crowds cheering His Majesty the King; asking myself what all the fuss was about-two present participle phrases (as object complements, listing) (6) prejudices are called loyalties; pointless actions are turned into customs by repetition- two clauses (listing) (7) three coordinate clauses (listing) (8) to appreciate little that which we have; to long for that which we have not-two infinitive phrases as subject (contrast) (9) to be; not to be-two infinitive phrases as subject (choice) (10) give me liberty; give me death-two imperative clauses (choice) (11) is written without effort; is read without pleasure-two passive verb phrases (contrast)(12) you can fool all of the people some of the time and some of the people all of the time; you cant fool all of the people all of the time-two coordinate clauses connected by but (series plus contrast) The first clause itself contains two parallel constructions-all of the people some time; some of the people all of the time-connected by and (choice) 2) Study and point out the function of the italicized part of these sentences. (1) adjective phrase as subject complement (2) deaf: adjective forming a complement to someone with born bitterly determined to find out about sound: adjective phrase as complement to someone (3) adjective phrase as subject complement (4) adjective phrase as attributive modifying good life (an adjective phrase modifying a noun should be placed after the noun) (5) adjective phrase as subject complement 21) Thomas Edison says that genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration. 2) Suzhou is known for its canals, gardens and tree-lined streets. 3) The morning was dark, cold with a little snow in the air. 4) The unemployed man wanted a job rather than welfare. Or: The unemployed man wanted to find a job rather than to apply for welfare. 5) Crawling down a mountain is sometimes harder than climbing up. 6) The essay is difficult to understand not because there are a lot of technical terms but because there are quite a few involved sentences. Or: The essay is difficult to understand not because of the technical terms 10 it but because of the involved sentences. 7) For further information, you can either consult an encyclopaedia or surf the Internet. 8) Not only China but also the rest of the world will benefit from her WTO entry. It is a win-win event. Or: As a win-win event, Chinas WTO entry will be of benefit to both China and the rest of the world. 9) The job of the university is not only making specialists of its students but also helping them become civilized citizens. Or: The job of the university is both to make specialists of its students and to help them become civilized citizens. 10) Going to classes, doing his homework and reading occupy most of his waking hours at college. 31) 20 years later he returned as poor as when he had left. 2) He arrived home from a coast-to-coast journey a bag of bones. 3) The girl stared at her parents, puzzled, troubled and annoyed. 4) The proposal was dismissed as impractical and unfeasible. 5) Just some twenty feet away, crouched the wolf, ready to jump on the boy at any moment. 6) The audience sat open-mouthed, watching the conjurers performing all sorts of tricks. 7) The detective was lying awake in bed, thinking how they could capture the wanted man alive. 8) The talk show host was pleased that he had passed through the crowd unrecognized. 9) Sincere, compassionate, forgiving, Linda is the soul of the true, the good and the beautiful. 10) Diogenes was lying in the sunshine, shoeless, bearded, and half-naked, but contented and happy.41) You can force a student to attend classes, but you cannot force him to think. Or: You can force a student to attend classes, but not to think. 2) The study of literature can help you to understand not only other people but also yourself. 3) You can improve your writing by reading good models and by practicing writing. 4) In the Middle Ages, people believed that the eatth was flat and that it was the center of the universe. 5) I can afford neither the time nor the money to play golf with those big cheeses. 6) Xiao Jin could not decide whether to apply for graduate studies right after college or to get a job first. 7) Love cures people-both those who give it and those who receive it. 8) Excellent firms dont believe in perfection, only in constant improvement and constant change. 9) Many things cannot be learned in the classroom, such as planning ones time, working on ones own and managing ones own affairs. 10) In the past ten years people, especially old people, have been concerned more about their health than about their income. 51) looks, being complimented, will say, has come, felt, was, was always looking for, to hurt, was called, believed, heard, would come, take, replace, might/would happen, to make, would/might get, to fool, would say. 2) became, should be removed, (I) ve learned, wouldnt really want, is, provides, isnt, dies, crashes, will lay, have been lying, find, rotting, sprout, goes on. 61) C. 2) D. 3) B. 4) D. 5) A. 6) C. 7) B. 8) A. 9) C. 10) B. 1l)C. 12) D.13) A.14) B.15) D.16) ALesson Two Waiting for the PoliceKey to exercises1. TranslateInto Chinese1. 夜生活 2. 吃和住 3. 供吃住的寄宿舍 4. 一秒钟都不到 5. 玻璃弹子6. 抽打死马 （做徒劳无益的事）7. 阿司匹林片8. 在此情况下9. 提前， 事先 10. 走过场11. 楼梯间平台的窗户 12. 紧张气氛13. 毛线针14. 梦游15. 飞机翼展Into English1. to whip up a little interest2. to keep the ball rolling3. to set the ball rolling4. an eccentric millionaire5. to allot capital6. to tighten ones belt7. to make a remark8. to stretch out ones hand9. to moisten ones lips10. to complain of the weather11. to plunge the stick into the sand12. to turn on me13. to get on ones nerve14. to put something out of someones mind15. to come off the hook16. to do a crossword puzzle17. to blow ones nose18. to powder ones nose19. to give an alibi2. Replace the italicized derogatory words int eh following sentences with commendatory ones.1. slim2. robust3. famous4. orator5. wonderful/terrific/superb/excellent6. beauty7. mansion8. innocent; kind-hearted9. principle10. revolutionaries11. debates12. boom13. thrifty; honesty or common decency14. Discussion15. Stability16. regulate3. Translate1. It is a miracle how our company has become a multinational in such a short span of time.2. The average life span in that country has increased from 42 years to 50 years in a matter of two decades.3. The conflict between the two countries has spanned more than half a century.4. There are four bridges spanning the river.5. Im much obliged to you. Without your help, I would never have finished the book.6. No, you are not obliged to go to the party. You dont have to go if you dont want to.7. Shes always ready to oblige when people come to her for help.8. In the valley is a small lake right between a meadow and a hill. It is a perfect spot for a picnic.9. Sitting in a shady spot, he soon dozed off.10. He criticized me on the spot when he saw me throw a plastic bad down by the roadside.11. It was a white shirt with blue spots. It looked quite pretty.12. The detective spotted the suspect, and he walked over and arrested him.13. One of the balloons popped, and it gave me quiet a start.14. It is very impolite to keep popping in and out of the classroom when the class is still going on.15. When he saw the young man ready to pay for the BMW in cash, his eyes almost popped out of his head.16. In those countries, water is worth a lot more than oil. Friends will often bring ten dollars worth of water as a gift.17. When this project is completed, it will benefit about a hundred thousand people. It will be well worth the effort and investment.18. This movie is not worth seeing twice. In fact, it is not worth seeing at all.19. I think it is worthwhile to visit that place. I hear they have kept all their traditional house intact houses that were built in Ming-Qing styles.20. Jia Baoyu was sick and tired of being his fathers worthy son. He yearned for freedom.4. Put the most appropriate words in the blanks.1-6 B D A B B D7-12 B A CC A D5. Tell the difference between the following pairs or groups of words.1. 1) earnest/ serious2) serious3) serious4) earnest/serious5) serious2. 1) make full use of2) took advantage of3) take advantage of4) take full advantage of/ make full use of5) take advantage of6) make some use of3. 1) weird2) strange3) eccentric4) odd5) strange/unusual/odd; peculiar/weird4. 1) advise2) advised3) suggest4) proposed5) suggest6) propose7) proposes/suggests5. 1) always/constantly2) regularly3) normally/usually4) constantly5) always6) regularly; always7) normally/usually6. Study the following sentences and point out what it is that is being exaggerated.1. how startled she was2. the fat that she never seemed to stop knitting3. how he has been touring the world to give lectures for money4. how all food is removed or destroyed leaving nothing for the enemy5. his poor shooting6. his chronic tardiness7. his dumbness8. the strong smell of the cheese9. his eagerness to please powerful people10. his complete absence of moral considerations in his attempt to grab money11. my hunger12. difficulties in life13. the number of people14. the amount of medicine15. the heavy pompous word7. Choose the best word or phrase for each blank from the four supplied in brackets.1. While2. average3. under4. being 5. mutual6. favorable7. account8. status9. relate10. stay11. On 12. actual13. friendly14. nervousness15. inMore work on the Text1. Grammar in context1.1) In the circumstances: explanatory2) approximately: explanatory3) as you know: afterthought4) and Mr. Houghton was ruined, there was no doubt about that: afterthought5) he explained: afterthought6) the trick of interrupting here: explanatory7) in fact: transitional8) Ive often wondered: afterthought9) for his part: transitional10)its true: afterthought11) if anyone should ask my opinion: afterthought12) for its part and on the other hand: both transitional2. Study and summarize ways of making suggestions.Using a question:1) Shouldnt2) Shall we5) Why dont you/weUsing an imperative sentence:6) Suppose we7) LetsUsing suggest/propose3)I propose4) I suggested2. Insert the appropriate parenthetical expression into the sentences from the list below.1. In fact2. Especially at an advanced level3. It was that long, I am sure4. Of course5. However6. On the other hand7. I suppose8. Forty-five years ago9. Whether invited or not10. For example11. Voluntarily orinvoluntarily12. It had been tested only once3. Complete the senteces below by translating the Chinese in the brackets.1. I suggest/propose we break up for two weeks.2