名词性从句定语从句和状语从句复习课件.ppt

Grammar NounClauses NounClauses SubjectObjectPredicativeAppositive Clause 1 YouknowthatIamateacherofEnglish 2 ThatIamateacherofEnglishisknowntoyouall 3 ItisknowntoyouallthatIamateacherofEnglish 4 ThefactthatIamateacherofEnglishisknowntoyouall 5 Iamworriedaboutwhetheryoucandowellintheexam 6 WhatIamworriedaboutiswhetheryoucandowellintheexam thatIamateacherofEnglish ThatIamateacherofEnglish thatIamateacherofEnglish whetheryoucandowellintheexam ObjectClause SubjectClause SubjectClause PredicativeClause AppositiveClause thatIamateacherofEnglish whetheryoucandowellintheexam ObjectClause Findtheclausesandtellthefunctionofthem SubjectClause WhatIamworriedabout TheSubjectClause 1 Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem 2 Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy 3 WhatIcandoistotellyouthetruth 4 Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor 5 Whoevertoldyouthatwaslying 6 Itwasobviousthatthedrivercouldn tcontrolhiscar Questions 1 Canweuse if insteadof whether 2 What sthedifferencebetween that and what 3 WhentheSubjectClauseistoolong whatshouldwedo 4 Cantheconjunction that beleftoutintheSubjectClause TheObjectClause 1 Theythoughtthatthequestionwastoodifficult 2 I mcertainthathewillgetthereintime 3 Shehasmadeitclearthatshedoesanimportantjob 4 I lldowhateveryouaskmeto 5 Doyouknowwhetherhe llcomeornot 6 Doyouknowif whetheranydecisionhasbeenarrivedat Questions 1 Cantheconjunction that beleftoutintheObjectClause 2 Canweuse if insteadof whether inthefifthsentence ThePredicativeClause 1 Itlooksasifitweregoingtorain 2 Thatiswhyhefailedtheexam 3 Lishuiisnotwhatitusedtobe 4 Thereasonforhisabsencewasthathewasill 5 Whatshewantstoknowiswhichbooksheshouldbuy 6 Thequestioniswhetherweshouldaccepthisinvitation 1 Canweuse because inplaceof that inthefourthsentence2 Canweuse if insteadof whether inthesixthsentence TheAppositiveClause 1 Ihavenoideawhenhewillarrive 2 WordhascomefromthecapitalthatPresidentHuJingtaowillcometovisitourschool 3 Thesuggestionthatweshouldfollowhisadvicewasacceptedatlast Besides idea word suggestion canyoulistmorewords Thenewswhichtheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool Thenewsthatourfootballteamwonexcitedus Thenewsthatwegotexcitedus thatourfootballteamwonexcitedus thatwegot AppositiveClause AttributiveClause that 在同位语从句中不充当任何成分 只起连接作用 一般不可省略 在定语从句中充当主语或宾语 做宾语时可以省略 Identifythetypeofclauseinthefollowingsentences ConjunctionsofNounClauses what whatever who whoever whom whose which that whether if asif asthough when where how why 状语 主语 宾语 Tellwhetherthefollowingclausesareright 1 Thatshewantstoknowiswhichdresssheshouldbuy 2 Hewillgiveuphisjobsurprisesallofus 3 Nomatterwhobreaksthelawwillbepunished 4 Ifthemeetingwillbeheldinourschoolisnotknownyet 5 Heissaidthathehasacceptedtheinvitation What That Whoever Whether It Tellwhetherthefollowingclausesareright 6 Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasbecausehisbikebrokedownhalfway 7 Idon tdoubtwhether ifhewillcomesoon 8 Hetoldmethenewswhichwasveryexciting 9 Afterthatseemedalongtime hecamebacktolife 10 Hetoldmethenewsifourteamwonthematch that that what that Choosethebestanswers 1 1989 Thesephotographswillshowyou A whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB whatourvillagelookslikeC howdoesourvillagelooklikeD howourvillagelookslike2 1992 WordhascomesomeAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourschoolnextweek whatB thatC whetherD when3 2004全国卷I Ilike intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright A thisB thatC itD one 4 1995 isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguageA ThereB ThisC ThatD It5 1996 wecan tgetseemsbetterthanwehave 6 1999 IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff A whyB whenC whatD where7 04湖南卷 IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow I vebeenuptosofar soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote A whichB whyC whatD how What whatB What thatC That thatD That what 8 2001 Acomputercanonlydo youhaveinstructedittodo A howB afterC whatD when9 2004全国卷I Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal andthisis Idisagree 10 2005浙江卷 Danbyleftwordwithmysecretary hewouldcallagainintheafternoon A whoB thatC asD which11 04天津卷 Amoderncityhasbeensetupin wasawastelandtenyearsago A whatB whichC thatD where12 04上海卷 AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace A whereB whatC thatD how whyB whereC whatD how Completethefollowingsentences 1 毫无疑问 thepricesofcarswillgodown 2 Theidea 电脑能识别人的声音 surprisesmanypeople 3 Ihavenoidea 该选哪一个 4 Theproblem 我们是否做这个实验 hasbeensolved 5 Thequestion 谁将出国 needsconsidering Thereisnodoubtthat thatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoices whichoneIshouldchoose whetherwewilldotheexperiment whowillgoabroad Completethefollowingsentences page119 S1 Professor Iwanttoknow 50年后我们的日常生活会是什么样 S2 DrSmart myquestionis 全球变暖对地球会有什么影响 S3 Professor canyoupredict 污染能否被制止住 S4 DrSmart Iwanttoknow 将来我们会不会有足够的食物供养不断增长的人口 whatourdailylifewillbelikeafter50years whateffectsglobalwarmingwillhaveonus whetherpollutionwilleverbestopped whetherwewillhaveenoughfoodtofeedthegrowingpopulation Completethefollowingsentences page119 S5 ProfessorSmart myquestionis 太空航行什么时候能变得既简便又便宜 S6 Professor whowillwinthedebateon 是否应该允许克隆人类 S7 DrSmart Iwouldliketoknow 会不会有更多无法治愈的疾病 S8 Professor whatisyourpredictionabout 地球什么时候死亡 whenspacetravelwillbecomeeasyandinexpensive whetherhumancloningshouldbeallowed whethertherewillbemoreincurablediseases whentheearthwilldie Practice2 JointwosentencesintoanAppositiveClause 1 ThefactthattwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot 2 WeheardthenewslastnightthattheBritishPrimeMinisterwasonathree dayvisitinChina 3 Theviewthatteenagersshouldn tspendtoomuchtimeonlineissharedbymanyBritishparents 4 Thereisnoscientificprooffortheideathatmobilephonesstopteenagersfromspendingmoneyondressesoncigarettes 5 ThesuggestionthatChinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimetothemselvesiswelcomedbymanypeople especiallykidsinschool LanguageRevision consistofmakethemostofhaveaninfluenceonbeofgreatvalueonthebasisof bemadeupofmakefulluseofhaveaneffectonbevaluablebebasedon Makingsentencesaccordingtothesituation Yourclasshas9girlsand48boys consistof Theclassonlylasts40minutes makethemostof Youtalkedwithhimandwasinspired haveaninfluenceon Theadviceshegaveyouonlearningwasimportant beof n TheTVplayisaboutwars onthebasisof Sentencesanalysis TheideathatEnglandstandsforFish Chips Speakers CornerandtheTowerofLondonispast AppositiveClause ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreecountriesisstillunknowntomany TheresultofsomuchFrenchinfluencewasthattheEnglishlanguageendedupwithmanyFrenchwordssuchastable PredicativeClause ThatmostofthesearenowthreatenedandmaydisappearisaseriousmattertothepeopleinBritain SubjectClause Theyrealisethatitisofgreatvaluetorecordandteachthemtotheyoungergeneration ObjectClause SomepeoplefeelthatWalesisanancientfairyland Practice1 Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscoming thattheplanewouldtakeoffontime thatisspreadingaroundtheairport thataheavystormiscoming AppositiveClause AttributiveClause PredicativeClause Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering Thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical thatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical thattheyareconsidering thatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical AppositiveClause AttributiveClause PredicativeClause 1 JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday 2 ItisveryimportantthatwelearnEnglishwell 3 Theproblemisthatheoftentellslies 4 Iwilltellherassoonasshecomes 5 Thebirthdaypresentthathegavemewasacar 6 Thatthe2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisknowntoall thathewasleavingforLondononWednesday thatwelearnEnglishwell thatheoftentellslies Thatthe2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijing ObjectClause SubjectClause PredicativeClause SubjectClause AdverbialClause assoonasshecomes thathegaveme AttributiveClause Canyoutellthefunctionofthefollowingclauses 定语从句 一 引导定语从句的关系词 指代人who whom that指代事物which that所属关系whose ofwhich指地点where指时间when指原因why 二 关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换 但下列情况只用that All canbedonehasbeendone Doyouhaveanything youdon tunderstand Thereislittle canbebelievedaboutit Thebookdoesn tsaymuch amuseschildren that that that that 先行词是all everything nothing anything something much little none等不定代词 引导定语从句用that something有时可用which Hamburgisthemostbeautifulcity I veeverseen ThisisthebestTV ismadeinChina Thefirstmuseum hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum that that that 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 引导定语从句用that I vereadallthebooks youlentme Nosample wenavereceivedissatisfactory Pleasesendusanyinformation youhaveaboutthesubject Heistheonlyperson waspresentatthetime that that that that 先行词被any some no much few little every all very only last修饰时 引导定语从句用that Thefamouswriterandhisworks theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents Avictimisaperson animalorthing sufferspain death harm etc that that 先行词中既有人又有事物时 引导定语从句用that Who youhaveeverseencandoitbetter Who youaretalkingtoistheyoungfellow that that Who做先行词时 引导定语从句用that Welldone 三 不用that 而用which who whom的情况 Hemadethesamemistakesagain madehisparentsveryangry YesterdayIboughtadictionary costmemorethan100yuan MrSmith gaveatalkseveralmonthsago willcomeagain Myunclehascomebackfromabroad Ihaven tmetforalongtime which which who whom 在非限制性定语从句中 指事物用which 指人用who或whom Herbag in sheputallhermoney hasbeenstolen Thisistheringon shespent1000dollars XiaoWang with Iwenttotheconcert enjoyeditverymuch which which whom 在介词后面 指事物用which 指人用whom 注意 如何判断介词 Thegirl whichhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim Heistheman whomIthinkyoucandepend 1 看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配 for on 2 看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配 Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks whichIamnotveryfamiliar Dolphinsmightbetrainedtocooperatewithfishermenandhelpthembyfindingorevencatchingfish allofwhichactivitiesdolphinsareexpert with in 3 根据先行词判断 所用的介词与先行词搭配 Therate whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased Thisisourclassroom whichthereisateacher sdesk at inthefrontof Thecommitteeconsistsof20members 5of arewomen Thebookcontains50poems mostof werewrittenin1930s Therearetwoleft oneof isalmostfinished andtheotherof isnotquite Ihaveasentence themeaningof Idon tunderstand whom which which which which 名词 代词 数词 of which whom where引导的定语从句 先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词 用where引导定语从句 在从句做状语 Thisisthetownwhere inwhich Ispentmychildhood Thetablewhere atwhich sheissittingisanewone Canyouthinkofasituationwhereyoumayusethisexpression 注意1 若定语从句缺主语或宾语 用which或that引导定语从句 Thelibrary studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight Thelibrary wasbuiltinthe1930s needsrepairing Thelibrary youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990 where which which 注意2 区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句 where前面有被修饰的地点名词时 是定语从句 否则是状语从句 Whenyoureadbooks youhadbettermakeamarkatthespotwhereyouhaveanyquestions Whenyoureadbooks youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions when引导的定语从句 先行词是表示时间的名词 用when引导定语从句 在从句作状语 I llneverforgetthedaywhen onwhich Imetyou Thiswasthetimewhen atwhich heleftforBeijing Wewillputofftheoutinguntilnextweek whenwewon tbebusy 注意 若定语从句缺主语或宾语 用which或that引导定语从句 I llneverforgettheday wefirstmetinthepark I llneverforgetthetime Isentoncampus I llneverforgetthetime wasspentwithyou when which that which that why引导的定语从句 先行词是表示原因的名词 用引导定语从句 在从句中作状语 Thisisthereasonwhy forwhich Ididn tcomehere Thereason shegavewasnottrue which that whose引导的定语从句 表示所属关系 Theriver banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea whose Thereareinthisclass20students aredifferent A whosebackgroundsB thebackgroundsofwhomC ofwhomthebackgroundsD thebackgroundsofwhose AdverbialClause 时间状语从句 1 Iwasreadingwhenmymothercamein 2 Don tgooutbeforeIcomeback 3 I llgiveyouaphoneassoonasIcomeback 4 Themomentthebuttonispressedthemachinestarts 5 Iwaitedforhimuntilhecameback when as while after before after until till assoonas themoment 表示 一 就 的句型 1assoonas2 ondoing onone sn3 nosooner haddone than did hardly haddone when did scarcely haddone when did Thethiefwascaught hearrivedinDalian inDalian thethiefwascaught Hardly thethief inDalian hewascaught Thethief inDalianthanhewascaught Thethief inDalian hewascaught as soon as On arriving had arrived when had no sooner arrived had scarcely arrived when when while as during before Hewaslaughing hewashavinghismeal heleftschoolatfourteen hebegantomakealivingbyhimself ayoungman hewenttoFranceforFrench Beijinglooksbeautifulespecially autumn Hewasabouttoleave thetelephonerang Itwillbealongtime weseeeachotheragain Heisverypoor hisbrotherisrich takingawalkinthestreet hesawanaccident as When As during when before while When while 地点状语从句 1 Puttheboxwhereitis 2 Iwillfollowyouwhereveryougo where wherever 1 Thelightwentout becausetheoilwasout 2 Asitisraining I llnotgoout 3 Thedaysbreaks forthebirdsaresinging 4 Sinceyouinsist I llgo 5 Nowthatyouhavefinishedyourwork youmaygonow 原因状语 since because as for nowthat since as for because 1 Whydidn thecomeyesterday hehadsomethingimportanttodo 2 Itmusthaverainedlastnight thegroundiswet 3 everybodyishere let sbeginthemeeting 4 theweatherisfine we dbettergoswimming 5 Itis hewasillthathedidnotcometoday Because for Since As because 目的状语从句 I llspeakslowlysothatyoucanfollowme Theysetoutearlyinorderthattheymightarriveontime Hetooktheumbrellaincaseitrained Heworkeddayandnightinordertosucceed Heraisedhisvoicesoastobeheard sothat inorderthat soasto inorderto incase 结果状语从句 Heworkedsohardthathepassedtheexam Heissuchagoodboythatalllovehim such that sothat so thatsuch as such that so as so thatTonnyis cleveraboy everyonelikes Tonnyis acleverboy everyonelikeshim Thereare manygoodthings ourstudentsexpect Theyare littleboys everyonelikesthem TheWestLakehas attractivescenery everyoneiseagertogoto so as such that so as such that such as 让步状语从句 AlthoughtheTVsetwasveryexpensive Istillboughtit Nomatterwhathappened heshouldn tgiveup Eveniftheweatherisbad we llmakeatrip TryasImight Icouldn tliftthestone although though whoever nomatterwho evenif though as as1 Childasheis theboyknowseverything 2Proudasheis heisafraidtoseeme 3 TryasImight Icouldn tfinishthework 4 Hardasheworks hecouldn tsucceed adj advv as clausen although though as evenif inspiteof despite 1 sheisyoung sheknowsquitealot 2Clever heis hedoesn tstudywell 3 Nobodybelievedhim hisexplanation 4 Shereturnedtoheroldhabitofsmoking Ihadpersuadedhertogiveup 5 Hesaidhewouldcome hedidn t 6 Trytobehonesttoothers oryouwon tbehappy youarerich Although though as despite inspiteof though though evenif 条件状语从句 Tellmeaboutitifyouhavetime Don tspeakunlessyouareaskedto Suppose supposing heisill whatshallwedo You lldoallright aslongasyoufollowhisadvice if unless aslongas suppose supposing providedthat 状语从句中的省略 状语从句的省略原则主要是 如果从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致 就可以经过一定的变动把状语从句中的主语和谓语的一部分或全部省略 从而使语言更加简洁 明了 现就把各种状语从句的省略现象列举如下 一 时间状语从句中的省略 When shewas veryyoung shebegantolearntoplaythepiano 她很小时 就开始学习弹钢琴 While Iwas atcollege Ibegantoknowhim astrangebutablestudent 我在上大学时就开始认识他 一个奇怪但有能力的学生 Whenarriving sendmeatelegram Whenyouarrive sendmeatelegram 到达之后 来个电报 Don tcomeinunt