现在进行时——含义.doc

现在进行时含义1、 表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作。1、 now现在，right now(现在；立刻，马上）at the present现在，at this moment,at the/this moment,for the moment，Its + 具体点钟，in the next room,over there,here.例句：Its raining now. Im watching a movie at this moment. Its four oclock in the afternoon. The children are playing football on the sports ground.2、 句子中有祈使句。 例句：Hurry up! We are all waiting for you. 快点！我们大家都等着你。 Cant you see?They are reading over there under the tree. 你看不到吗？他们在那边的树底下看书。 Listen! She is singing in the room. 听！她在房间里唱歌。 3、描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。 Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。 4、注意根据上下文的情景暗示(翻译成：在，正在） 例句： Where is Mr Wang? Oh, he is reading a newspaper in the office Is that boy Jack? No,Jack is doing his homework in the classroom. What are you doing? Im doing my homework. She_is talking_(talk)with Lily when I meet Lucy in the street. My parents are watching (watch)TV in the living room when I come back. 2、 表示表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作而说话时不一定在进行的动作。当句中出现的时间状语是all day,these days，this week，this month,this term 等时，如果句子所要表达的意义是在这一阶段正在发生的事，则动词应用现在进行时。例句：Mr Cheng is visiting our city this month。 Im writing a novel these days.3、 有些动词的正在进行时可以用来表示一般将来时，表示根据计划或者安排在最近要进行的事情。表示“将要，计划，打算，意图”这些动词有：come来，go去， leave离开，depart离开，arrive到达，stay逗留，return,start,begin开始,travel,meet,fly, take off（飞机起飞，另有脱衣服的意思，与put on 意思相反），move,do，get,have，play，spend，work等动词连用。这些动词往往是一些表示位置移动变化的动词。所用的动词必须是动作而不是状态，主语必须是人。判定：句子中常常有表示将来时间的词或者词组，否则表示正在进行时。 例句：The train is leaving.火车正在离开。 The train is leaving in a few minutes.火车几分钟后就要离开了。（“in+一段时间”是一般将来时的标志） They are leaving for New York tomorrow. 明天他们将要动身前往纽约。 Is your brother departing soon? 你的兄弟很快就要启程吗？ He is coming back from America tomorrow moring.明天上午他将从美国回来。 当句子表示”将要，打算”的意思时，需要用正在进行时表示将来时。 After the dinner,I am going(go) to the cinema.四、在时间、条件状语从句中，有时可用现在进行时代替一般将来时。 例句：When you are passing my way,please drop in. 你什么时候路过我家，请进来坐。5、 现在分词不都是表示第一种和第二种“正在进行”含义。她可以用来表示人的一种情感状态。 1、现在进行时与always，forever，continually，constantly等副词连用时(表示重复的动作)表示人一种很大感情。 例句：Hes always quarreling with others. 他老喜欢跟别人吵架。 She is constantly worrying about her sons health. 她不停地为她儿子的健康担心着。 The boy is forever asking questions. 那个男孩老是问问题。 The students are making progress constantly.学生们在不断进步。 2、有的现在进行时句子和一般现在时同义。用现在进行时表示问者的关切心情。 例句：How are you feeling today? （How do you feel today?）你今天感觉如何？ I am looking （look）forward to your next visit. 我盼望你下次再来。 Why are you looking（do you look）so sad? 为什么你看起来这么愁眉苦脸的样子呢？6、 并不是所有动词都有进行时，一些动词一般在句中不能用现在进行时态，而应用一般现在时。感官动词:sound听起来,see看到,feel,hear听到,listen,smell闻起来,taste,look(看起来），seem,look like（看起来像）,sound like（听起来像）（listen to 有进行时态）表示喜恶:like（喜欢）,love,dislike,hate思维、态度或者愿望、心理状态等等的词:know,understand,agree,forget,remember;mind,allow,believe;want,would like,hope,wish表示所属关系的词:have（有）,own,belong to注意：以上单词表示本意时候，没有进行时态，但是由其组成的词组不一定（ 一般情况下，词组表示的意思和该单词表示的意思相同时，这个词组无进行时）。Look out of 看向.的外面有进行时,be like(长得像）没有，但是look for(寻找） Look after（照顾）有；have 没有，但是have 三餐 ，have a good time有,listen to 有。think,think of,think about都没有。look well(气色不错，一般指康复后）【这些动词往往是等表示情感状态、知觉认识、愿望或短暂性的动词。】7、 不是只有现在分词才可以表示“正在进行”的含义。 著名学者周海中教授曾经指出：作为表语时，英语介词可以表示正在“进行”的动作。例如： He is at work. (他正在工作。) The house is on fire! (房子着火了!)The road is under construction. (路正在修建中。)现在进行时句子结构一、肯定句式：主语+be( am, is, are)+现在分词+其它.二、否定句式：主语+be(am, is, are) +not +现在分词+其它. 三、一般疑问句：Be(am, is, are) +主语+现在分词+其它？肯定回答：yes,主语+be否定回答：no,主语+be not 四、特殊疑问句：疑问词+be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词+其它？它的回答，不可以用Yes或No直接作答，要根据实际情况回答。 例子：肯定句They are working these days. He is buying a bike. 否定句 They arent working these days. He isnt buying a bike. 一般疑问句Are they working these days? Is he buying a bike? 特殊疑问句What are they doing these days? What is he doing ? 过去进行时含义1、 表示过去某一时刻正在发生的行为。at this/the moment+过去时间，at+表时间+过去时间，just now(刚才，刚刚；现在；立刻）；then,at that moment.Marry was cooking at this time yesterday.John was reading a book at10:00a.m yesterday.Tom was playing the piano just now.So he wasnt playing football then/at that moment.描写故事发生的情景，可以用过去进行时（还会用到一般过去式）根据情景，翻译成过去某时“在、正在” A:Where was he at that moment? B:He was taking a shower in his room. A:What was she doing at 9a.m.three days ago? B:She was doing the dishes. When we were having (have)supper,the lights went out.2、 表示过去某一段时间正在发生的动作。 all morning,that week,all night/all day +过去时间，those days/weeks/months,from+时间to+时间+过去时间，during+过去时间。 Sara was reading a book all morning. He was writing stories all night last night/all day yesterday/that week.Ann was visiting the museum from 9a.m to 5p.m the day before yesterday.She working in Europe during the summer of 1999.3、 在复合句中，过去进行时表示某个短暂性动作发生的背景。主句和从句都发生在过去，动作时间长的用过去进行时，表示谈话背景，动作时间短的用一般过去式，表示新发生的动作。(常用时间状语when/while)例句：I was reading the newspaper when the doorbell rang. John burnt his hand when he was cooking the dinner. I met July while I was shopping this morning. Tom fell when/while he was riding his bike. It was raining when they left the station.when 表示”就在这时，突然”的意思We were playing outside when it began to rain.While表示两个同时持续的动作。I was doing my homework while he was listening to music.He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.While he was waiting for the bus,he was reading a newspaper.(他边看报边等车）。四、一些动词的过去进行时可以表示过去将来时。come来，go去， leave离开，depart离开，arrive到达，stay逗留，return,start,begin开始,travel,meet,fly, take off。表示正在进行还是将来的判定方法与现在进行时相同。5、 与always，forever，continually，constantly等副词连用时(表示重复的动作)表示人一种感情色彩。 John was always coming to school late.（批评） She was always thinking of others.(赞扬） He is forever complaining.(他老是抱怨）。6、 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：感官动词:sound