M7U4Publictransport（讲）-高考英语一轮复习讲练测（译林牛津版）.doc

一、高频单词熟记 英语汉语英语汉语authority n.权力，权威；官方，当权者anniversary n.周年纪念日aggressive adj.好斗的，挑衅的，富于攻击性的unbelievable adj.非常坏(或非常好、非常极端)的，令人难以置信的departure n.离开，出发；背离，违反enlarge v.扩大，扩展，增大annual adj. 每年的，一年一次的undertake v.承担，从事；承诺，答应handful n.少量的人或物；一把(的量)arise v.出现，产生convey v.运送，输送；表达postpone v.延迟，延期loadn.负荷，负载；大量，许多v.装载，装上，装入drunkadj.喝醉的n.醉汉，酒鬼fine v.处以罚金violate v.违犯，违反；侵犯crash n. &v.撞车；碰撞；倒闭；崩溃via prep. 经由，经过(某一地方)；通过，凭借词性（词形）变化unfortunately adv. 遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地unfortunate adj.不幸的，可惜的growth n. 增加，增长；成长，生长grow vt.种植 vi.增长；成长；生长reservation n. 预订，预约；保留意见reserve v. 保留；预订；储备 n. 贮藏(物)；储备punctual adj.准时的，守时的punctually adv.准时地punctuality n. 准时，守时enquiry n. 询问，咨询；调查，查究，探究enquire v. 询问，咨询；调查ownership所有权，产权owner n.所有人own v.所有，adj.所有的二、重点短语背诵英语汉语英语汉语drop off 中途下客或卸货speed up（使）加速traffic jam堵车，交通堵塞arise from起因于，由引起link up联合，连接split up分组，分解，分离at()intervals每隔距离或时间risk ones own life 冒着生命的危险 put through给某人接通电话；使经历violate the law 违法 decide on/upon决定，选定result in crashes 导致碰撞 put off推迟，拖延；使反感watch out for people crossing the road 留心过马路的人 turn up出现，到来；调高（音量等）pull through the narrow tunnels 穿过那些狭窄的通道 fill in填写（表格）；消磨（时间）be aimed at 旨在 a handful of少数的，少量的in particular 特别地 in honour of 为了纪念 in need of repair under rpair 需要修理正在修理，修理中 三、经典句型仿写1.【教材原句】Having seen the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes, undertook improving the system.(P51) 看到这种情况，一名叫查尔斯耶基斯的美国富商于1902年承担起了改善(地铁)系统的工程。【典句仿写】排了半小时的队，这位老人突然意识到身上没带钱。_ for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had no money with him.【答案】Having waited in the queue2.【教材原句】Why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today? (P51) 那么，今天为什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地铁观光一番呢？【典句仿写】为什么不向老师征求意见呢？ the teacher for advice?【答案】Why not(dont you) turn to3.【教材原句】Drivers should be careful near schools in particular, because there are likely to be many children. (P62) 司机在学校附近尤其要小心，因为那里可能有许多儿童。【典句仿写】下学期可能有一位外教给他们上课。_a foreign teacher to give then lessons next term.【答案】There is likely to be4.【教材原句】Carrying more than a light load on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control. This lack of control is an invitation to accidents.(P63)用自行车带上重物使得车子难以控制，而缺乏控制就会诱发事故。 【典句仿写】我发现要做些变化不可能。I to make some changes. 【答案】find it quite impossible第二板块 考点详析一、词汇考点考点-1. convey【教材原句】Horse-drawn buses, trams, cabs and carriages were used to convey people to and around the city centre. (P50) 马拉车、有轨电车、计程车和非机动车被用来将人们送往市中心及其周围一带。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成英语句子Our facial expressions convey our emotions, such as anger, or joy, or disappointment我们的面部表情 ，如愤怒、喜悦或失望。Words cant convey how delighted I am!话语 我是多么高兴！Would you please convey my good wishes to your mother?请向你母亲 ，好吗？This train conveys both passengers and goods. 这列火车 。A taxi conveyed us to the railway station. 一辆出租车 。Air is the medium by which sound waves are conveyed.空气是声波 。【自主归纳】convey ones feelings表达感情 convey ones emotions 传达情感convey news/information to sb. 把消息/信息传给某人 convey meanings传达意思convey sb.sth./convey sth.to sb. 向某人传达某事 conveys passengers /goods载客/运货【即时巩固】单项选择题I was so excited at the news that I could hardly _ my feelings in words.A. carryB. conveyC. survey D. communicateWhat is it that the author wants to _to his readers through the story?A. send B. conveyC. take D. talk【答案】B【解析】convey“传达，表达”。句意：作者想通过故事向读者表达什么？考点-2. postpone【教材原句】However, new trains had to be developed and the plan required raising a large amount of money, so the digging was postponed until 1860.(P50)但是，新式列车得加以研发，并且这个计划需要筹集大量的资金，所以地下隧道的挖凿被推迟到1860年。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成英语句子I got everything ready yesterday，but only to learn that the summer camp was postponed.昨天我做好了一切准备，却没想到夏令营延期了。They postponed making a decision and we just had to wait.他们推迟作出决定，那我们就只能等了。The sports meeting will be postponed to the following Saturday because of the rain.由于下雨，运动会将推迟到下周六。【答案】昨天我做好了一切准备，却没想到夏令营延期了。他们推迟作出决定，那我们就只能等了。由于下雨，运动会将推迟到下周六。【自主归纳】postpone (doing) sth. 推迟(做)某事 postpone sth.to/until . 把推迟到delay, postpone, put off三者均可表示将某事推迟到原订时间之后的某一时间进行，其后可接名词或动名词(但一般不接不定式)。为了表明推迟到何时，可用介词 to, till, until 等。They delayed postponed, put off leaving. 他们推迟动身。He decided to delay/postpone/put off his holiday to/till/until next month.他决定把假期推迟到下个月。几点区别delay 除表示推迟日期外，还可表示暂时阻挠或阻挡，因此有“耽搁”、“拖延”等意。如：The heavy rain delayed my journey. 大雨耽搁了我的行程。postpone 和 put off 主要用于延期，两者常可换用，只是后者较通俗和口语化；但是 put off 有时以人作宾语，表示借辞推脱或搪塞某人、推迟或取消与某人的约会、使某人不高兴或反感、打扰某人、让某人下车等，此时不宜用 postpone。He tried to put me off with more promises. 他想用更多的诺言来敷衍我。Weve invited friends to dinner and its too late to put them off now. 我们已邀请朋友来吃饭，现在取消来不及了。Dont be put off by the titleits a really good book. 别介意这书名不好，它真是本好书。Dont put me off when Im trying to concentrate.我正要集中注意力呢，别打扰我。注：delay 也可以人作宾语，但强调的是耽搁某人的时间 I was delayed by the traffic. 因交通堵塞，我迟到了。delay 除用作动词外，还用作名词，其余两者不用作名词。如：We must leave without delay. 我们必须马上离开。That is the reason of my delay in answering your letter. 这就是我迟迟不给你复信的缘故。注：名词 delay 后可接 in doing sth，但不接 of doing sth 或不定式。【即时巩固】单项选择题It was an unpopular decision to _ the new hospital.A. postpone to build B. postpone buildingC. put off to build D. decide buildingAfter the earthquake, to make sure that rescue work could be carried out as smoothly as possible, the premier his visit to that country.A. put away B. put off C. put up D. put downWhy were you late for such an important concert?The plane arrived at the airport after a _of three hours.A. delay B. restC. tour D. request【答案】A【解析】答句句意：飞机耽搁了三个小时后才到达机场。delay耽搁，延误；rest休息；tour旅行；request请求。考点-3. undertake【教材原句】Having seen the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes, undertook improving the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of the many different lines and setting up the Underground Electric Railways Company of London. (P51)看到这种情况，一名叫查尔斯耶基斯的美国富商于1902年承担起了改善地铁系统的工程，他买下了许多不同的地铁线，创立了伦敦电力地铁公司。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成英语句子The company has announced that it will undertake a full investigation into the accident.公司已经宣布将这次事故 。She undertook responsibility for the changes.她 做出这些改变的责任。He undertook(=promised) to finish the job by Friday.他 这一工作。【答案】公司已经宣布将这次事故进行全面调查。她承担了做出这些改变的责任。他答应到星期五完成这一工作。【自主归纳】undertake a task承担任务 undertake an attack发动进攻undertake to do sth. 答应、同意做某事 undertake that . 承诺【即时巩固】单项选择题John, would you lend me some money?Unless you _ to pay the money back within six months.A. understand B. undertakeC. underplay D. underline_ the situation, Charles Yerkes undertook _ the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of many different lines.A. Seeing, improving B. Seen , improvedC. To see, to improve D. Having seen, to improve考点-4. reservation【教材原句】There are many flights to Dalian, and the city has good air connections with most large cities in China, but you need to make reservations in advance. (P59)有许多航班飞往大连，大连与中国的大多数大城市有良好的空中联系，但是你需要提前预订机票。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成英语句子We condemn their actions without reservation.我们 谴责他们的行为。He has reserved three tickets for London.他已 三张去伦敦的票。A separate room is reserved for smokers.有一间独立房间是 。Keep some money in reserve, just in case. ，以防万一。【自主归纳】reservation n. 预订，预约；保留意见reserve v. 保留；预订；储备 n. 贮藏(物)；储备make reservations预订 without reservation毫无保留地reserve sth.for sb. 为某人准备某物 in reserve备用【即时巩固】单项选择题(2011福建卷)Id prefer to_ my judgment until I find all the evidence.A. show B. express C. pass D. reserve(2012浙江卷)“ Its such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table_ for customers. A. to be reserved B. having reserved C. reserving D. reserved As the family did not make a(n) _ ahead of time, they had to wait at the restaurant in order to get a table.A. approvalB. reservationC. arrangementD. enquiry考点-5. punctual 【教材原句】Sometimes the slow ferries are not very punctual and there may be long delays. (P59)有时候较慢的渡船不是很准时，可能会耽搁很长时间。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成英语句子She is always punctual for every appointment.她总是 。I expect you to be punctual for meetings.我希望你 。We can not guarantee the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.雾天我们不能担保火车 。My English teacher is punctual to the minute.我的英语老师很守时, 。【答案】她总是准时赴约。我希望你准时到会。雾天我们不能担保火车准点到达。我的英语老师很守时,一分也不差。【自主归纳】punctual adj.准时的，守时的punctually adv.准时地punctuality n. 准时，守时be punctual for . 在方面很守时 be punctual to the minute很守时，一分不差介词短语：及时in time 准时 on time【即时巩固】单项选择题The manager is always very _ for appointments, which earns him a good reputation. A. punctual B. numbC. allergic D. contentTo be punctual_ the conference，they left on an early train this morning.A. forB. atC. onD. in【答案】A【解析】依据题意可知，表示“在方面守时”用介词for。故选择A项。考点-6.arise【教材原句】The number of road accidents and the deaths arising from those accidents has increased over the past year. (P62)在过去的一年里，道路事故及由此造成的死亡人数均有增长。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成英语句子We keep them informed of any changes as they arise.如果 ，我们随时通知他们。Emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.身体上的原因可以 。Many English words arise from Latin.许多英语单词都 。He arose and walked to the door. 他 走到门口。【自主归纳】arise from由引起 相当于result from arise vi.出现，产生，起身，起床 过去式arose 过去分词arisenrise vi.升起，升高 过去式rose , 过去分词risenraise vt. 举起，提高，提出，抚养， 筹集 过去式raised , 过去分词raisedI thought it easy to do it, but a lot of new questions _.He _ his eyes from his work.The cost of living continues to _.All the errors _your carelessness.【答案】arose raised rise arose from/resulted from【即时巩固】单项选择题(2009江西卷)What is the price of petrol these days. Oh, it _ sharply since last month. A. is raised B. has risen C. has arisen D. is increasedA completely new situation is likely to _ when the middle school leaving age is raised to 16.A. arouse B. riseC. arise D. raise【答案】C【解析】句意：毕业年龄提高到16岁，一种全新的情况很有可能出现。这里指全新的情况可能会“产生，出现”，故选C。The traffic accident _ his fast driving and he was badly hurt.A. led to B. arose fromC. resulted in D. separated from【答案】B【解析】lead to/ result in“引起，导致”，后接结果；arise from“由引起”，后接原因；separate from“分离”。考点-7. load【教材原句】Carrying more than a light load on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control. (P63)用自行车带上重物会使车子难以控制。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成英语句子These backpacks are designed to carry a heavy load.这些背包是为 而设计的。The good news took a load off my mind.这个好消息让我 。She loaded film into the camera.她把 照相机里。Men are loading the truck with wood. 男人们正在把 。This cow has given me a load of trouble! 这头牛给我惹了 麻烦！【自主归纳】load n.负荷，负载；大量，许多 v.装载，装上，装入a load of loads of大量的许多(修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词) a load off sb.s mind消除某人的思想负担，使如释重负 load .with . 用装载load sth. into/onto =load (up)with sth把某物装入(到) 人们看到装载货物的飞机飞向北方。The plane loaded with goods was seen flying to the north.过去的那辆卡车装满了苹果。 The truck passing by was loaded with apples.货车在仓库等着装载货物。The trucks waited at the warehouse to pick up their loads.他们正在往卡车上装新鲜水果。They are loading (up) the truck with fresh fruits.They are loading fresh fruits onto the truck. 【即时巩固】单项选择题(2009山东卷)He says that my new car is a _ of money. Dont you think those words are just sour grapes? A. lack B. load C. question D. waste The lorry, _ bricks, has broken down suddenly in the middle of the bridge.A. loaded up B. loaded withC. full with D. filled of考点-8. link up【教材原句】Sixteen years later, in 1884, the Metropolitan Railway company and the Metropolitan District Railway linked up and provided the underground service in the middle of the city. (P50)16年后,就是1884年,大都会铁路公司和大都会区铁路公司联合起来在城市中心提供地铁服务. 【教材原句】After World war ended in 1945，more people travelled on the underground，so the system was enlarged and more lines were added，including the Victoria Line，which was linked with other lines at almost every station.(P51) 1945年二战结束后，更多人乘坐地铁，因此地铁系统被扩大，更多的地铁线建成；其中包括几乎连接所有的站点和其他线路的维多利亚线。【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分Our struggle against imperialism is closely linked to that of the worlds people. We should link theory with practice. We link up with the company. The two companies linked up to hold a charity event. 【即时巩固】单项选择题Youd better give up smoking, Tom, for many diseases are _ to smoking, you know.A. linked B. ledC. exposed D. blamedIf you _ the pieces of information, you will be clearer about what has really happened.A. link up B. link toC. link with D. link in【答案】A【解析】link up联系，联合，结合。句意：如果把这些信息结合起来，你就会更清楚究竟发生了什么事。考点-9.under (+the)+n.(+of)【教材原句】The Underground Electric Railways Company of London, the Metropolitan Line and all the different bus and train lines were placed under the authority of the Board. (P51)伦敦电力地铁公司、大都会支线以及所有不同的公交、列车线路都归该署掌管。【教材原句】Part of the road is still under repair.(P59)部分路段目前仍在修建中。【例句研读】The big company is under the authority of the young man. 这家大公司 。Two sections of Highway 101 are under repair.101公路有两段 。The plans have been under discussion(being talked about)for a year .这些计划至今已 。Under the circumstances，it seemed better not to tell him about the accident. ，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。He was under the influence of Professor Zhang. 他 。We are building socialism under the leadership of the Party. ，我们正在建设社会主义。【自主归纳】under repair在修理中 under discussion在讨论中under control of在控制下 under the impression记得，在印象中under the authority of由(归)掌管，管理 under the leadership of在的领导下under the influence of在的影响下 under the circumstances在此情况下，既然这样under no circumstances决不，无论如何不(放在句首，句子要部分倒装)under the instruction of在的指导下 under control of在控制下但是：在帮助下 with the help of/with the aid of /with the assistance of【即时巩固】单项选择题Sorry, sir. Im late._ should you come to class late next time.A. On all circumstanceB. In any circumstanceC. Under no circumstancesD. Under no circumstanceIt is still _ whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A. under discussion B. under repair C. under discussingD. out of question【答案】A 【解析】句意：旧车站是否被一个现代化旅馆代替还在讨论之中。_, he caught up with others.A. With the help of the teachers B. With the teachers helpC. By the teachers help D. On the teachers help考点-10.put off /put through【教材原句】I would like to put your visit off until then as the annual Traffic Conference is coming up next week. 我想把你们的参观推迟到那时候，因为每年都要举行的交通会议下周就要来了。(P57)【教材原句】OK, I will put you through to the receptionist and she can take down your details.(P57)好吧，我给你接通接待员，她可以记下你的详细情况。【例句研读】根据汉语句子用put off/put through填空她老是拖延着不去看牙医。She keeps going to the dentist. 我马上为您接通电话。I will the call for you now. 你让你的家人受了不少苦。You have your family a lot.今日事今日毕。Never till tomorrow what you can do today.我们设法做成了这笔生意。We managed to the deal .【答案】putting off putthrough put through put off putthrough.【自主归纳】给接通(电话)；使经历；完成，使成功put through 推迟put off/delaycancel是“取消”的意思常考的put词组还有：容忍 put up with 提出；把提前 put forward放在一边 put aside 收拾(东西) 节省或存储 put away穿戴，上演 put on 放回，拨回(钟表指针) put back扑灭(火)，熄灭 put out 建造，搭起，举起，抬起，挂上，张贴 put up放下，写下，记下 put down 把写进（信函，故事等）put in结束某事 put an end to sth. The concert had to be_ because the main singer was ill.The boy_ his textbooks and never reopened them.The boy washed the cups and _ them_.I cannot _all this noise.The teacher _many new suggestions on how to learn English.Finally, he successfully _ the business deal. The boy _ his coat _ hurriedly and ran out of the house. The firemen soon_ the fire.Its time we _ the Christmas decorations in the living room.When the others had gone, Mary the furniture.【答案】put off put aside put; away put up with put forward put through put, on put out put upput back【即时巩固】单项选择题(209陕西卷)A. notice was in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up (2010 全国II卷) My m