There-be-句型用法总结.doc

There be 句型课程讲解一、 There be 句型的用法：表示某个地方存在某物或某人，可以翻译成有的意思。Be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。如：房间里有一张桌子。There is a table in the room.区别: 表达一个人拥有某样东西时则用have/has,如:我有一张桌子。I have a table.在there be句型中，如果be后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词，be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说，be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is , 是复数就用are.总结归纳为：当名词在be动词前，要整体考虑；当名词在be动词后，则要采取就近原则。如：1)There is a book and some pens on the floor.在地板上有一本书和一些钢笔。(book和pens都是名词，但是book离there更近，所以be由book来确定，book是单数there后面的be要用is.)2)There are some pens and a book on the floor.在地板上有一些钢笔和一本书。(book和pens都是名词，但是pens离there更近，所以be由pens来确定，pens是复数，所以there后面的be要用are.)There be 结构和have的区别与联系 1.区别点：there be 意为存在，强调某地有某物，不表示所属关系；have 表示所有关系， 强调某地有某物或某人，这是其基本用法。如：There are some trees in front of the house.房前有些树。Tom has many friends in China.汤姆在中国有许多朋友。2.相同点：在表示结构上的含有时，既可以用there be 句型，也可以用have（has） 来表示。如：中国有许多长河。There are many long rivers in China.China has many long rivers.三月份有多少天？How many days are there in March?How many days has March?二、 There be 句型的结构：There is+第三人称单数可数/不可数主语+地点状语（介词短语）例：There is a ruler on the desk. 书桌上有一把尺。There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。There are+复数主语+地点状语（介词短语） 例：There are four apples on the tree. 树上有四个苹果。 There are many flowers in the park. 公园里有许多花。There is+第三人称单数可数+V-ing+地点状语（介词短语）例：There is a bird singing in the tree. 树上有一只鸟正在唱歌。 There is a baby sleeping in the room. 房间里有一个宝宝正在睡觉。There are+复数主语+V-ing+地点状语（介词短语）例：There are some birds singing in the tree. 树上有一些鸟正在唱歌。 There are two boys running on the street. 街上有两个男孩正在奔跑。三、There be 句型的疑问1. 在“There is/are.”的疑问句中,要把Be动词放在there之前,并将句号变问号。难点:句中出现的some要改成any。 2. 肯定回答为：Yes, there is/are.3. 否定回答为: No, there isnt/arent.结构分析：Be动词+there+主语？1 There is an apple on the tree.Is there an apple on the tree?肯定回答: Yes, there is.否定回答: No, there isnt.2. There are five pens on the desk. Are there five pens on the desk?肯定回答: Yes, there are.否定回答: No, there arent.3. There is some water in the cup. Is there any water in the cup?肯定回答: Yes, there is.否定回答: No, there isnt.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 be（is/are）there其它？在这个句型的一般疑问句之前，加上疑问词，变成特殊疑问句。例如，How many birds are there in the picture?图片中有多少只小鸟?here are four birds in the picture图中有4只鸟。使用how many提问时，即可针对复数形式的名词提问，也可针对单数形式的名词提问。在应答中，可以按实际情况回答。例如:How many boats are there in the river?河里有多少只船?There is only one仅有一只。 there be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：1.对主语提问：(1)当主语是人时,用“Whos+介词短语?”(2)当主语是物时,用“Whats + 介词短语?”.注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定).2.对地点状语提问：提问地点当然用“Where is / are+主语?”3.对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语?How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?四 There be 句型的否定：否定形式只要在be动词后面加not即可，但要注意的是句中的some改成any.1. There is a knife in the kitchen.否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.There is some fruit on the desk.Is there any fruit on the desk?2. There are five apples on the tree.否定:There are not five apples on the tree.3. There is some ink in the bottle.否定:There is not any ink in the bottle.4. There are some birds singing in the tree.否定:There are not any birds singing in the tree.注意：There be否定句型中的not any与no可以互换，not any强调一个都没有。1. There are not any books in the bag.=There are no books in the bag.2. There is no baby crying in the room.=There is not any baby crying in the room.3. There are no students in the classroom.=There are not any students in the classroom.4. There is not any milk in the bottle.=There is no milk in the bottle.重点得分句型:一、There is no / some / much / little difficulty / trouble with sth. 做某事(没) 有困难(1) There is some difficulty with the text. 这篇课文还有点困难。(2) There is little trouble with the matter. 这件事情没有什么麻烦。二、There is no / some / little / much difficulty / trouble in + doing. 做某事有困难(1) There is much difficulty in finishing the work in the given time. 在规定的时间内完成这项工作还很困难。(2) There is no trouble in reading the article without a dictionary. 即使不用词典读这篇文章也不难。三、There is no doubt about / of sth. 毫无疑问(1) There is no doubt about his coming here. 毫无疑问，他会来。(2) There is no doubt of his words. 对他的话毋庸置疑。四、There is no doubt that clause. 毫无疑问(1) There is no doubt that he has made great progress this year. 毫无疑问，他今年进了大步。(2) There is no doubt that he likes hunting. 毫无疑问，他喜欢狩猎。五、There is no hurry (+ to do sth) 不用急于干某事(1) There is no hurry to leave, for it is early. 天还早，不要急于离开。(2) There is no hurry to answer this question, but use your head. 动动脑筋，不要急于回答这个问题。六、There is no need for (sb. to do ) sth. 没有必要怎么样(1) There is no need for him to go there. 她没有必要去那儿。(2) There is no need for such a meeting. 没有必要开这样的会议。七、There is no question about sth. 毫无疑问(1) There is no question about his arrangement. 对他的安排毋庸置疑。(2) There is no question about what he said. 对他的话毋庸置疑。八、There is no question of doing sth. 毫无疑问(1) There is no question of his leaving for holiday. 他肯定去度假了。(2) There is no question of his inviting us to his party. 他肯定会邀请我们去参加他的聚会。九、There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没有道理或说不过去(1) There is no sense in forcing him to do what he doesnt like to. 强迫他做他不喜欢做的事情没有道理。(2) There is no sense in leaving him alone when he is in trouble. 当他遇到困难时，扔下他不管，没有道理。十、There is no point in doing sth. 做某事没有用(1) There is no point in regretting. 后悔没有用。(2) There is no point in reasoning with him. 跟他说道理没有用。十一、There is no doing sth. 不可能；无法(1) There is no telling who will win the match. 无法断定比赛谁赢。There be 句型的练习题二. 把下例句子改成疑问句: 1. There are four apples on the ground. (Level2-1S)疑问句:_2. There are five birds in the tree. (Level2-1S) 疑问句:_5. There are five birds singing in the tree. (Level2-1S)疑问句:_6. There is an armchair in the living room. (Level2-2S)疑问句:_7. Theres a sofa in the living room. (Level2-2S)疑问句:_8. Theres a rubber duck in the bathmat. (Level2-3S)疑问句:_ 三.把下例句子改成否定句: 1. There are two bowls on the table. (Level2-4S)否定句:_2. There are some beautiful flowers in the garden. (Level2-5S)否定句:_3. There is a tree in the garden. (Level2-5S)否定句:_4. There is an apple tree in the garden. (Level2-5S)否定句:_四. 按要求改句子(not any=no) 1. There are not any cats in my family. =There are no cats in my family2. There is not any milk in the bottle. =There is no milk in the bottle_3. There are no teachers in the school. =There are not any teachers in the school_五、用There be 句型翻译下列句子1. 教室里有很多桌子和凳子。 There are many desk and chair in the classroom 2. 冰箱有很多水果。 There are same fruits in the brefrigerator 3. 小猫有一身干净而洁白的毛。 4. 树上有两个风筝和一只鸟。 树上有一只鸟和两个风筝。There are two kites and a bird on the treeThere is a bird and two kites on the tree5. 书桌里有三本故事书和一个书包。 There are three storybook and a schoolbag in the desk 6. 苹果树上没有苹果。（方法：将这句话变成肯定句子，然后在变成否定句） 7. 树上没有三个苹果但是有三个风筝。此句要注意苹果、风筝和树的不同属关系，在翻译时要注意in the tree和on the tree(长在树上)的区别。 8. 家里没有人。（此句要注意people实是复数的问题。） There are no people at home 9. 书架上有很多书。 六 对划线部分提问1.Therearesomepencilsinmypencilbox. How many pencils are there in your pencil box? 2.Thereisnoinkinmypen. What is there in your pen ? 3.Thereisarockingchairinmybedroom. Where is there a rocking chair ? 4.Therearetwonewbooksforyou. How many new books are there for you? 5.Thereisoneruleronthedesk. How much ruler is there on the desk? 6.Thereisonecaponthedesk. How much cap is there on the desk? 7.Therearetwopencilboxesinthebookbag. How many pencil boxes are there in the book bag? 8.Therearefourapplesontheground. How many apples are there on the ground? 9.Therearefivebirdsinthetree. Where are there five birds? 10.Therearefivebirdssingingi