Unit 5 (教案)现代大学英语第二册 Quick Fix Society.doc

Unit 5 Quick Fix societyI. Teaching ObjectivesThrough learning this passage can students： Know something about the authorLearn some background information about Pennsylvania Dutch TownLearn some useful words, phrases and expressionsLearn the writing devices in expositionLearn the pros and cons of the rapid paced society through text appreciation and debateII. Teaching ContentsPennsylvania Dutch townText appreciation and analysisWriting techniques of expositionDebate in classIII. Teaching FocusBackground informationWriting device of expositionDebate in classIV Teaching TechniquesLecturing, group discussion, debateStepBackground information(10minutes) I Background Information1. Fast Roads in the U.S.Highways: connect citiesSuperhighways: a road with six or more lanesInterstate highways: connect cities in different statesFreeways: roads within a cityExpressways: fast roads in or near citiesTurnpike: pay money before you use it2. Pennsylvania Dutch TownLocationThe heart of the Pennsylvania Dutch Country is Lancaster County. It is located in south central Pennsylvania, one and half hours west of Philadelphia. Most of the Amish Country attractions are in Lancaster County, and almost all of the local Amish people live here as well.People: AmishThe Amish are a religious group who live in settlements in 22 states of the U.S. and Ontario, Canada. The oldest group of Old Order Amish, about 16,00018,000 people live in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. The Amish stress humility, family and community, and separation from the world.Amishs beliefsThe Amish was part of the early Anabaptist movement in Europe, which took place at the time of the Reformation. The Anabaptists believed that only adults who had confessed their faith should be baptized, and that they should remain separate from the larger society. They also believe in non-resistance and basic Bible doctrines.Amishs lifestyleThese people as a whole are not as materialistic as modern society today. They do not use electricity or modern conveniences.Amish men have beards, but not mustaches. Most Amish are trilingual: dialect of German, High German and English. Old Order children attend one-room schools through the eighth grade. They are a private people who believe God has kept them together. They are a strong example of a community that supports and cares for its members. They are a people apart; they are also a people together.Antique shopping (Para. 2)Pennsylvania Dutch town is called “Sunday Antiques Capital of the United States”. Over 3,000 antique dealers gather here to display and sell their merchandise.Antique shopping (Para. 2)Pennsylvania Dutch town is called “Sunday Antiques Capital of the United States”. Over 3,000 antique dealers gather here to display and sell their merchandise.Outlet shopping (Para. 2)Here, youll find over 240 factory outlet stores featuring name brands and quality merchandise prices at reduced prices.3. Cliffs Notes Cliffs notes are a series of reference books written to help undergraduate students to understand and appreciate important literary works.With such notes, students dont have to read the work itself and be able to write papers and take exams.4. Civil WarCivil War was the war from 1861 to 1865 fought between the northern and southern states.The Civil War battlefield mentioned in paragraph 2 is the battlefield of famous Gettysburg battle in July, 1863. At Gettysburg, Union army defeated Confederate army. This victory is the turning point of the Civil War. After the campaign, on November 19, President Lincoln delivered the well-known Gettysburg Address.5. BeethovenLugwig Van Beethoven is one of the greatest composers in the world.His famous symphonies include: No. 5 (Fate); No. 6 (Pastoral); No. 9 (Choral)6. USA TodayUSA Today is one of the most popular daily national newspapers serving the interest of a general public in the United States.II Text AppreciationDiscuss the following questions or topics.1) If you agree that people are getting too impatient and too obsessed with the quick fix for everything, what examples would you give to illustrate your point? (Base your observations on your experience in China. ) How is it reflected in our transportation and communication? How is it shown in our eating habits? Does it affect our consumption habits as well as our production? How about entertainment or amusement? Are our reading, writing, learning habits also changed? What has this fast-fix attitude done to our human relationships? Has it caused health problems? Has it reduced our capacity for enjoying life?2) If you disagree with the author and think that the desire for speed is basically good, how would you defend your position?Text Analysis 1. Theme: Lets slow down and enjoy what nature offers us and what mankind has left us and rediscover life.2.Structure:Part 1 (Paras. 13 ): Her ride on fast roads and her return trip of a country roadPart 2 (Paras. 4-6 ): Now instead of later Faster instead of slower Superficially instead of thoroughlyPart 3 (Paras. 7-8 ): Slow down and rediscover life3. Further DiscussionWhy did the writer take the turnpikes and interstates? Did they have any fun on the way?Why did the writer take another way back? How did she feel this time?What is the attitude of modern people to do everything? How does it affect our life?Why did the author write this article? Was she suggesting we stop using all time-saving techniques and products?4 Sentence Paraphrase 1. For four hours, our only real amusement consisted of counting exit signs and wondering what it would feel like to hold still again. (Para. 1)-The 4-hour drive on fast roads was tedious; the only fun we had was to count the exit signs we were passing and to figure out how wed feel if we stopped again.2. Getting there certainly didnt seem like half the fun; in fact, getting there wasnt any fun at all. (Para. 1)-We had expected that our ride to West Virginia would be fun, and that half of the fun wed get from the trip would come from it. But we were wrong. It wasnt fun at all.3. We toured a Civil War battlefield and stood on the little hill that fifteen thousand Confederate soldiers had tried to take on another hot July afternoon, one hundred and twenty-five years ago, not knowing that half of them would get killed in the vain attempt. (Para. 2)-We visited a Civil War battlefield and stood on the little hill. One hundred and twenty-five years ago, on a hot July afternoon, 15,000 soldiers fighting for slavery, while trying to occupy the hill, had no idea that they would fail and that half of them would be killed in the battle.4. We stuffed ourselves with spicy salads and homemade bread in an “all-you-can-eat” farmhouse restaurant, then wandered outside to enjoy the sunshine and the herds of cowsno little dots this timelying in it. (Para. 2)-We had a meal in a farmhouse restaurant where for a certain amount of money you could eat as much as you wanted, and we fed ourselves with lots of spicy salads and homemade bread. After the meal, we walked leisurely outdoors to enjoy the sunshine and watch the herds of cowsthis time they did not seem like little dotslying in the sunshine.5. And we returned home refreshed, revitalized, and reeducated. (Para. 2)-When we got home, we not only felt fresh and energetic, but also felt that we had experienced a new way of life.6. In fact, most Americans are constantly in a hurryand not just to get from Point A to Point B. Our country has become a nation in search of the quick fixin more ways than one. (Para. 3)-In fact, most Americans are always in a rush. People are not only trying to find the fast way to get around from place to place, but also looking for ways of getting things done quickly in various aspects of life.7. Once upon a time, Americans understood the principle of deferred gratification. We put a little of each paycheck away “for a rainy day”. (Para. 4)-In the past, Americans were patient to have their desires satisfied. We saved a little money each time we got paid in case we might need it in the future.8. If we wanted a new sofa or a week at a lakeside cabin, we saved up for it, and the banks helped us out by providing special Christmas Club and Vacation Club accounts. (Para. 4)-If we wanted to buy some new furniture or spend a week at a lakeside, we could open special accounts at the banks to save money for it.9. and if we are in a hurry to lose weight, we try the latest miracle diet, guaranteed to take away ten pounds in ten days unless were rich enough to afford liposuction. (Para. 4)-If we want to lose weight quickly, we try the most recent miracle diet which is said to be effective and is sure to make us lose a pound per day. If we are rich enough to pay for the operation, we can have our unneeded fat removed from our bodies.10. We like our information fast, too: messages flashed on a computer screen, documents faxed from your telephone to mine, current events in 90-second bursts on Eyewitness News, history reduced to “Bicentennial Minutes”. (Para. 5)-For information, we also want to get it fast by skimming through what is offered on the web. Documents are faxed to one person from another. We are informed of what is happening at home and abroad through TV programs through which we get very brief accounts of current events. We learn the history of the past 200 years quickly from “Bicentennial Minutes”.11. Even our personal relationships have become compressed. Instead of devoting large parts of our days to our loved ones, we replace them with something called “quality time”, which, more often than not, is no time at all. (Para. 6)-Even our personal relationships are affected. Instead of spending much of our time with our loved ones, we now talk about giving them full attention in the limited time after work. But usually we have no time to do that at all.12. As we rush from book to music to news item to relationship, we do not realize that we are living our lives by the iceberg principlepaying attention only to the top and ignoring the 8/9 that lies just below the surface. (Para. 6)-When we rush through books, music, news and relationship, we are paying attention to the surface and will never get into the heart of anything.13. When did it all begin, this urge to do it now, to get it over with, to skim the surface of life? (Para. 7)-When did this quick-fix lifestyle/attitude toward life begin?14. But I am saying that all of us need to think more seriously about putting the brakes on our “we-want-it-all-and-we-want-it-nor” lifestyle before we speed completely out of control. (Para. 8)-But what I do want to say is this: before we go too far, all of us need to think seriously about changing our lifestyle of seeking a quick fix in our lives.III Language StudyWords:1. advocatev. to publicly support an idea or a plann. someone who strongly and publicly supports someone or somethingExamples:He advocates building more schools.There is no point advocating high salaries for teachers unless we can do it.He is a tireless advocate of political reform.2. antiqueadj. being old and therefore valuablen. an old object such as a piece of furniture or jewellery that is valuable because it israre, beautiful, or well madeExamples:It is an antique rosewood desk.The palace is full of priceless antiques.3. compressv. a. to press or squeeze something so that it fits into a smaller space b. to write something in fewer words c. to make a process last for a shorter time than usualExamples:The machine compresses old cars into blocks of scrap metal.Try to compress your notes so that they are easier to learn.Youd better compress two months work into one.4. condensev. a. to cause (a gas or vapor) to change to a liquidb. to remove water from (milk, for example) c. to make a piece of writing shorter by removing some partsExamples:Steam condensed on the bathroom mirror.condensed milk (炼乳)condensed story (缩写本)5. deferv. to delay something until a later datedefer to sb./sth(formal) to agree to accept someones opinion or decision because you have respect for that person.Examples: Lets defer the decision for a few weeks. I will defer to Mr. Walter on this point.defer, postpone, delayDefer implies an intentional delaying.Postpone implies an intentional deferring, commonly until a definite time.Delay causes to be behind scheduleI _defrred_ paying the bills.The bus was _delayed_ by a cloudburst.We would like to _postphne_ your appointment until Saturday. 6. depositn. a. a first payment that you make when you agree to buy something expensive such as a car or house.b. an amount of money you pay when you rent something that is returned toyou when you stop renting itc. an amount of money that you pay into a bank accountd. a layer of metal that has formed in soil or rockExamples:We put down a deposit on a house last week.You will have to pay one months rent in advance, plus a deposit of $500.Id like to make a deposit, please.Rich mineral deposits have been discovered in the area.7. guaranteev. a. to promise sth. will happen b. to make sth. certainn. a. an agreement that if sth. you buy does not work, it will be repaired or replaced b. a formal and firm promise that sth. will be done or will happen.Examples:The government guaranteed to free the captives.The rain guarantees a good crop this year.The new television had a guarantee with it.Is there a guarantee of work after training?8. outletn. a. a shop or a place where a particular product is soldb. a way of expressing strong feelings that you would normally not expressExamples:Most of their sales are through traditional retail outlets.He plays basketball as an outlet for stress.9. refreshv. to make someone feel less tired or less hot refresh ones memory to make someone remember somethingrefresh someones drink to add more of an alcoholic drink to someones glass.Examples:A shower will refresh you.I looked at the map to refresh my memory of the route.Can I refresh your drink?10. revitalizev. to put new strength or power into sth.Example:They hope to revitalize the neighborhood by providing better housing.11. scalelarge scale大规模evolutionary scale进化等级the bathroom scales浴室磅秤the scale on a thermometer温度计上的刻度Richter scale里氏震级a scale of 1250 1250的比例尺scales of fish鱼鳞12. skimv. a. to remove floating fat or solids from the surface of a liquidb. to read something quickly to find the main facts or ideas in itc. to move along quickly, nearly touching a surfaceExamples:After simmering the meat and vegetables skim the fat off from the surface.Just skim through the second section to save time.The swallows were skimming over the water.Phrases and Expressions:1. agree with sb.If something agrees with you, it doesnt make you feel ill.Examples:Stop taking the medicine if it doesnt agree with you.I find that country life really agrees with me.2. as manythe same number as another particular numberExample:Those coolies were great. I could eat as many again.3. cant wait to do sth. = can hardly wait to do sth.to be very excited about something or keen to do itExample:I cant wait to go to school then: I will be a big kid, and Ill make friends andlearn so much at school.4. get sth. over with (把做完了事)to do and finish something difficult that you have to doExamples:Ill speak first if you likeId rather get it over with quickly.He looked upon the marriage ceremony as a mere formalitysomething to be got over with as quickly as possible.5. help out救助，协助（渡过难关）to help somebody in a difficult situationExamples:Who is helping out in the garden this afternoon? Ive often helped Bob out when he has been a bit short of money.6. linger over/onto stay somewhere a little longer, especially because you do not want to leaveExamples:They lingered over coffee and missed the last bus.She let her eyes linger on him.7. more often than not = as often as noton most occasionsExamples:Nancy comes over on Saturday more often than not.More often than not, the argument could have been avoided.all too often: used for saying that something makes you sad or upset because it happens more often than you think it shouldAll too often, parents leave their children home alone.every so often: sometimes, but not frequently8. off the rackoff-the-rack (AmE)/ off-the-peg (BrE)ready madeExamples:It was only a cheap suit, bought off the rack/off the peg.on the rack: in a difficult situation that you cannot deal withThe interviewers questions put the President on the rack.9. put away 处理掉(吃,把.收好,拿开,排斥)Examples:My grandfather had put away over $100,000.Put away all your books on the desk. The guest might come any time.Please put all negative thoughts away.The boy put away the dinner in just a few minutes.10. put brakes on使停顿put a brake on/ put the brakes on sth.to stop sth. that is happeningExamples:The high level of debt continued to put a brake on economic recovery.The town government put the brakes on all these projects by giving them less money.11. save sb. the trouble of doing sth.to make somebody able to avoid extra effort or workExample:Fast-food restaurants are popular because they save people the trouble of cooking.12. save up to keep or store something so that you can use it in the futureExamples:They are savin