Unit-3.A-hanging.-ppt.ppt

Unit3AHanging Objectives RelatedInformation Ssfive minutepresentation Textcomprehension p 38 DiscussioninTextorganizationandideas Languagepoints GeorgeOrwell EricArthurBlair 25June1903 21January1950 betterknownbyhispennameGeorgeOrwell wasanEnglishauthor Hisworkismarkedbyaprofoundconsciousnessofsocialinjustice anintense revolutionaryoppositiontototalitarianism 极权主义 apassionforclarityinlanguageandabeliefindemocraticsocialism Considered perhapsthe20thcentury sbestchroniclerofEnglishculture hewroteworksinmanydifferentgenresincludingnovels essays polemicjournalism semi sociologicalliterarycriticism andpoetry HismostfamousworksareHomagetoCatalonia 1938 hispersonalaccountofhisexperiencesandobservationsintheSpanishCivilWar thesatiricalnovellaAnimalFarm 1945 thedystopiannovelNineteenEighty Four 1949 andhisnumerousessays Orwell sinfluenceonpopularandpoliticalcultureremainsapparent withnumerousofhisliteraryconcepts andtheterm Orwellian enteringthepopularvernacular DeathPenalty DeathPenalty EightMainMethodsofExecutionWorldwide1 Beheading Onlytwocountriesexecutepeoplebychoppingtheirheadoff SaudiArabiaandIraq 2 Electricchair USonly Nobodyknowshowquicklyapersondiesfromtheelectricshock orwhattheyexperience 3 Firingsquad Theprisonerisboundandshotthroughtheheartbymultiplemarksmen ThismethodisusedinBelarus China Somolia Taiwan Uzbekistan Vietnam andothercountries 4 Guillotine 断头台 AfamousFrenchinvention notusedinNorthAmerica Amachinewithaheavyknifeseverstheneck Deathcomesveryquickly 5 Hanging ifproperlyconducted thisisahumanemethod Theneckisbrokenanddeathcomesquickly ThismethodisusedinEgypt Iran Japan Jordan Pakistan Singaporeandothers 6 Lethalinjection Lethaldrugsareinjectedintotheprisonerwhilehelaysstrappeddowntoatable Thistechniquehasbeenchallengedrecentlybythosewhofeelthattheprisonermaynotberenderedunconsciousbythedrugs LethalinjectionisalsousedinChina Guatemala Philippines andThailand 7 Poisongas CyanidecapsulesaredroppedintoacidproducingHydrogenCyanide adeadlygas Thistakesmanyminutesofagonybeforeapersondies 8 Stoning Theprisonerisoftenburieduptoherorhisneckandpeltedwithrocksuntiltheyeventuallydie Therocksarechosensothattheyarelargeenoughtocausesignificantinjurytothevictim butarenotsolargethatasinglerockwillkilltheprisoner StoningisusedinAfghanistanandIran asapenaltyformurder adultery blasphemy andothercrimes TheDeathPenaltyProjectFormorethantwentyyearstheDeathPenaltyProjecthasworkedtopromoteandprotectthehumanrightsofthosefacingthedeathpenalty Theorganisation smainobjectivesare Toprovidefreeandeffectivelegalrepresentationandassistancetothoseindividualswhoarefacingthedeathpenalty Topromotetherestrictionofthedeathpenaltyinlinewithinternationalminimumlegalrequirements Toupholdanddevelophumanrightsstandardsandthecriminallaw andTopromoteincreasedawarenessandgreaterdialoguewithkeystakeholdersonthedeathpenalty Alloutagainstthedeathpenalty Tirelesschampionfortheabolitionofthedeathpenaltythroughouttheworld theEUproposesaEuropeandayagainstthedeathpenalty TheEUwantstoseethedeathpenaltybecomeathingofthepasteverywhereontheplanet Itscampaignisbasedonrespectforpeople sdignity regardlessoftheiractions asenshrinedinthecharteroffundamentalrights Aspartofthiscampaign theEUcommissionisproposingthat10Octoberbenotonlytheworlddayagainstthedeathpenalty butaEuropeandaytoo AttheinternationalconferencetobeheldinLisbonon9October ajointdeclarationistobesignedbytheEUandtheCouncilofEuropetopromotetheuniversalabolitionofthedeathpenalty UnderstandingtheDeathPenaltyinChina WhilethereseemstobeaongoingdebateintheWestastowhetherornotthedeathpenaltyshouldbeallowedtoexist mostChinesepeopleseemtosupporttheuseofcapitalpunishmentintheircountry Forthem moderncapitalpunishmentinChinaissimplyamorecivilizedwayofenforcingwhathasalwaysbeenan eyeforaneyeandatoothforatooth mentalityinChina Peopleshouldpayfortheircrimes MostChinesepeopleseemdisliketheideaofleavingaprisonerinjailforlife Forthem theideaofonelesscrookorfraudsteronthestreetsofChinaseemstobequitepleasant ChinesepublicopinionseemstobewiththeCCPontheissueofthedeathpenalty AlmosteveryoneinChinaiswillingtodowhatittakestolowerthecrimeratesintheirdevelopingcountry DeathPenaltyOutlawed year Albania 2000 Andorra 1990 Angola 1992 Argentina 2008 Armenia 2003 Australia 1984 Austria 1950 Azerbaijan 1998 Belgium 1996 Bhutan 2004 Bosnia Herzegovina 1997 Bulgaria 1998 Cambodia 1989 Canada 1976 CapeVerde 1981 Chile 2008 Colombia 1910 CookIslands 2007 CostaRica 1877 C ted Ivoire 2000 Croatia 1990 Cyprus 1983 CzechRepublic 1990 Denmark 1933 Djibouti 1995 DominicanRepublic 1966 EastTimor 1999 Ecuador 1906 Estonia 1998 Finland 1949 France 1981 Georgia 1997 Germany 1949 Greece 1993 Guinea Bissau 1993 Haiti 1987 Honduras 1956 Hungary 1990 Iceland 1928 Ireland 1990 Italy 1947 Kiribati 1979 Liberia 2005 Liechtenstein 1987 Lithuania 1998 Luxembourg 1979 Macedonia 1991 Malta 1971 MarshallIslands 1986 Mauritius 1995 Mexico 2005 Micronesia 1986 Moldova 1995 Monaco 1962 Montenegro 2002 Mozambique 1990 Namibia 1990 Nepal 1990 Netherlands 1870 NewZealand 1961 Nicaragua 1979 Niue n a Norway 1905 Palau n a Panama 1903 Paraguay 1992 Poland 1997 Portugal 1867 Philippines 2006 Romania 1989 Rwanda 2007 Samoa 2004 SanMarino 1848 S oTom andPr ncipe 1990 Senegal 2004 Serbia 2002 Seychelles 1993 SlovakRepublic 1990 Slovenia 1989 SolomonIslands 1966 SouthAfrica 1995 Spain 1978 Sweden 1921 Switzerland 1942 Turkey 2002 Turkmenistan 1999 Tuvalu 1978 Ukraine 1999 UnitedKingdom 1973 Uruguay 1907 Uzbekistan 2008 Vanuatu 1980 VaticanCity 1969 Venezuela 1863 DeathPenaltyPermitted AfghanistanAntiguaandBarbudaBahamasBahrainBangladeshBarbadosBelarusBelizeBotswanaBurundiCameroonChadChina People sRepublic ComorosCongo DemocraticRepublic CubaDominicaEgyptEquatorialGuineaEritreaEthiopiaGabonGhanaGuatemalaGuineaGuyanaIndiaIndonesiaIranIraqJamaicaJapanJordanKorea NorthKorea SouthKuwait LaosLebanonLesothoLibyaMalawiMalaysiaMongoliaNigeriaOmanPakistanPalestinianAuthorityQatarSt KittsandNevisSt LuciaSt VincentandtheGrenadinesSaudiArabiaSierraLeoneSingaporeSomaliaSudanSwazilandSyriaTaiwanTajikistanTanzaniaThailandTrinidadandTobagoUgandaUnitedArabEmiratesUnitedStatesVietnamYemenZambiaZimbabwe Questionstobeasked 1 Whereandwhendidthestorytakeplace ThestorytookplaceinBurmaonasoddenmorningoftherains 2 Provideageneraldescriptionofthecondemnedcells Thecondemnedcells arowofshedsfrontedwithdoublebars werelikesmallanimalcages Eachcellwasabouttenfeetlongandtenfeetwideandwasquitebarewithinexceptforaplankbedandapotfordrinkingwater Insomeofthecellsbrownsilentmenweresquattingattheinnerbars withtheirblanketsdrapedroundthem Burma AHistoryofCapitalPunishmentinBurma Burmahasalonghistoryofcapitalpunishment tracingitsrootsbacktothemonarchyperiod Itwasalsousedthroughoutthecolonialera Evenduringthedemocracyperiod theelectedgovernmentsentencedcriminalsandpoliticalprisonerstodeath OneofthefamousheroesoftheBurmeseindependentmovement MajChinKaung waschargedwithtreasonandsentencedtodeathbecausehewasamemberoftheCommunistParty whichhadbeenfightingtheBurmesegovernmentsince1948 Fortunately hewaspardonedbythesecondBurmesepresident MannWinMaung oneofhiscolleaguesduringtheindependencestruggle Otherpoliticalprisonerswerenotsolucky Theirdeathsentenceswerecarriedout Thepresentmilitarygovernmenthascontinuedtousecapitalpunishmenttooppresspoliticalactivists FollowingtheDecember1974Burmesestudents uprisingprominentstudentleaderTinMaungOowassentencedtodeath Hewasexecutedafewmonthslater In1976 anArmycaptain OhnKyawMyaint wassentencedtodeathforattemptingtoassassinatetheBurmesedictator NeWin Inthe1980 s dozensofmembersoftheKarenNationalUnion KNU werearrestedinthePeguMountainsregionandsentencedtodeath Languagepoints P32 1 ItwasinBurma onasoddenmorningoftherains ThestorytookplaceinBurmaonaverywetmorningduringtherainyseason sodden adj extremelywet thecondemnedcells theverysmallroomsinaprisonwhereprisoners whohadbeensentencedtodeathandwhowereduetobehangedwithinaweekortwo werebeingkept arowofshedsfrontedwithdoublebars alineofone storybuildingswhosefrontwasstrengthenedwithbothinnerandouterbars P32 1 Eachcellmeasuredabouttenfeetbytenandwasquitebarewithinexceptforaplankbedandapotfordrinkingwater Eachcondemnedcellwasabouttenfeetlongandtenfeetwide ineachofwhichtherewasonlyaplankbedandapotfordrinkingwater Plankbeds pots squatdrapesth round oversth else hang cloth curtains acloak etc looselyonsth else Hindus punyadj verysmallandweakwispn asmall tinybunchofIndianwardern ajailer apersonwhoworksasaguardinaprison Paragraphs2 7Theseparagraphsdescribehowacondemnedprisonerwaspreparedforthegallows howhewasescortedonhiswaytothegallowsandhowhereacted behaved andmarched gallowsn astructureforthehangingofcriminals Rifles Fixedbayonetn handcuffn apairoflockablelinkedmetalringsforsecuringaprisoner swrists caressv treatfondly kindly orfavorablygripn atighthold afirmgraspv seizefirmlyyieldv giveup surrender P32 2 Buthestoodquiteunresisting yieldinghisarmslimplytotheropes asthoughhehardlynoticedwhatwashappening Buthestood withoutputtingupanyresistance Heletthewardersbinduphislimparmswiththeropes asifhewerenotawareofwhatwashappening limplyadv notstifflyorfirmly inawaywhichlacksstrengthorenergy Prisonsandprisoners prisoners Buglesfloatvi moveinair waterorgas driftslowlybarracks n buildingsforsoldiers Superintendents P32 3 Thesuperintendentofthejail whowasstandingapartfromtherestofus moodilyproddingthegravelwithhisstick Theheadofthejail whowasstandingatadistancefromtherestofus feelingsogloomyandsullenthathewaspokingthesandsandstoneswithhisstick prodvi pokesth withone sfingerorsth pointed e g Theboyisproddingthesandybeachwithastick enjoyingitverymuch ADravidianinawhitedrillsuit Goldspectacles magistraten civilofficer puddlen asmallpoolofwater esp ofrainwateronapathorroade g Asithasbeenrainingfordays therearemanypuddlesonthepath onthedrop onthetrapdooronthegallowswithasuddensnap withasuddensharpnoise withasuddensharpcrack servilea slavish tooreadytoobeyothers lackingindependence e g Istronglydislikehisservileflatteryandhisservilemanner noosen aloopwitharunningknot tighteningastheropeispulled reiteratevt sayordosth againorrepeatedly neverfalteringforaninstant neverwaveringforamomentfaltervi ofone svoice waver speakhesitatingly act move orwalkhesitatinglyusu becauseoffear weakness orindecision 33 11 Hisheadonhischest Hewasloweringhishead clank v makeasharp hard metallicsound twist v turnround P34 13 Veryslowlyrevolving asdeadasastone Hisdeadbodywasturninginacircleslowly oscillate v swingbackandforthwithasteadyrhythm causeto moverepeatedlyandregularlyfromonepositiontoanotherandbackagain waverApendulumoscillates 34 14 Heisallright Theprisonerisabsolutelydead tinpannikins ladlevt servefoodwithaladleorinlargequantities distributesth too lavishly P34 15 Anenormousrelief wasdone NowthattheHinduwashanged wefelttremendouslyrelieved P34 15 Onefeltanimpulsetosing tosnigger Onefeltasuddenurgetosingsongs tostartrunningandtolaughinahalf suppressedmannertogetridoftheirfears P34 15 Allatonceeveryonebeganchatteringgaily Allofasudden everyonebegantalkingquicklyandcheerfully silvercigarettecases Eurasianboy garrulouslyad talkingawayaboutunimportantthingsSomepeopletendtotalkgarrulouslyabouttrifles P34 18 Ihaveknowncases Mostagreeable Ihaveknowninstanceswherethedoctorwasobligedtogobeneaththegallowsandpulltheprisoner slegstomakesurethattheconvictwasreallydead Thisisamostunpleasantthingtodo wriggle v twistandturnthebodyrefractoryadj stubborn rebelliousdislodge v remove34 20 Youwillscarcelycredit sir thatittooksixwarderstodislodgehim threepullingateachleg Youwillhardlybelieve sir sixwardersremovedhimfromhisfixedposition threepullingateachleg geniallyad kindly pleasantly sociablyOurteacherpresentshislecturesgenially P35 22 Weallhadad