初中近义词辨析5.doc

初中常考近义词辨析2Say speak talk tell.1. He to me, “Im going to see a film.” 2. “May I to Jack?” “Hold on a moment, please!” 3. They with each other, but I dont know what they are about. 4. He me he was not at home last night. 5. Some Canadians can both English and French. 6. Its a bad habit to lies. 7. I have nothing to 8. I cant the difference between the twins.答案：1.says; 2.speak; 3.talk; 4.told; 5.speak; 6.tell; 7.say; 8.tell注释：四个词都有“说”的意思，say强调说话的内容；speak to sb. 跟某人说话（常用用于电话用语中，如句2），speak 还可表示说某种语言；talk to/ with sb. 和某人聊天/ 谈话；tell“告诉”，常见句型 tell sb. sth告诉某人某事，在句8中表示“分辨，辨别”的意思。Hundred hundreds of thousand thousands of million millions of1. There are six people on the playground. 2. birds are in the park. 3. butterflies are dancing.答案：1.hundred/ thousand/ million; 2.hundreds of/ thousands of/ millions of; 3.hundreds of/ thousands of; millions of注释：hundred“百”, thousand“千”, million“百万”，都是数词，在表示具体数量时没有复数形式；hundreds of“数以百计的，成百上千的”，thousands of“数以千计的，成千上万的”，millions of“数百万的”What who1. “_ is he?” “He is a teacher.” 2. _ does he do? He is a teacher.3. _ is he? He is our English teacher.4. _ do your parents do? They are both teachers.5. _ do you think the lady is? Maybe she is a nurse, I think.答案“1.what; 2.what; 3.who; 4.what; 5.who注释：who询问某人的身份，常用于句型”who + be + 某人？”，即“某人是谁？”；what询问人的身份或职业，用于句型”what do/ does/ did + 某人 + do?”，即“某人是干什么的？”High tall1. The tall boy jumps very_ 2. He lives in a _ building.3. There are _ mountains around my hometown. 4. Yao Ming is 2.26meters _5. There is a _ tree in front my house. 6. Look! Some birds are flying _ up in the sky.7. _ price/ speed/ temperature.答案：1.high; 2.tall/ high; 3.high; 4.tall; 5.tall/ high; 6.high; 7.high注释：high, tall 都有“高”的意思，high只能指物高，tall能指人高也可指物高；高价格（速度，温度）山高都用”high”.Mustnt neednt dont need to dont have to1. You mustnt take this book out of the library. You can read it here.2. Must I do my homework now? No, you neednt.3. Do I have to finish the work today? No, you dont have to.4. You must help your mother with the housework, mustnt you?5. Need you go to see a doctor? No, I neednt.6. You can go home now; you dont need to clean the classroom.答案：注释：mustnt“不准”，表示命令；neednt = dont need to“不必，没必要”，前者中的need是情态动词，否定直接在其后加not，后者中的need是行为动词，否定要在其前加否定的助动词“dont/ doesnt/ didnt”；dont have to “have to不得不，必须”的否定形式Something anything nothing everything1. Is there anything wrong with this computer?2. There is nothing wrong with this computer.= there isnt anything wrong with the computer.3. She likes to do something different4. How is everything going? Everything goes well.5. She is beautiful, I agree. But beauty is not everything.6. I want something to eat, anything will do.7. He decided to go there. Nothing can stop him from doing it 答案：1.anything; 2.nothing/ anything; 3.something; 4.everything/ everything; 5.everything; 6.something/ anything; 7.nothing注释：something“某事，某物”，常用于肯定句中，用于句型”would you like something to do?”中，表示希望得到对方肯定的回答；anything“任何事物”，用于肯定句，疑问句和否定句中；nothing“什么也没有”；everything“一切事物”，可用于任何句式。注意，修饰something，anything的形容词必须放在它们的后面，做后置定语。Dont doesnt not to not isnt wont1. The teacher told me _ be late for school again2. Will you please _ draw on the wall?3. Please _ go across the road now.4. The cake must be more delicious, _?5. Why _ go out for a walk? = Why _ you go out for a walk?6. Youd better _ sleep in class.7. Hed rather _ go to the party8. He decided _ go on a picnic with his class.9. If it _ rain tomorrow, well have a sports meeting.10. _ forget to bring your homework to school. No, I_.11. He will really work in the country, _ he?答案：1.not to; 2.; 3.dont; 4.isnt it; 5.not/ dont; 6.not; 7.not; 8.not to; 9.doesnt; 10.dont/ wont; 11.wont注释：句1句8，tell sb. not to do sth.叫某人别做某事；句3否定的祈使句都用助动词do的否定形式”dont”开头；句5句6，句型why not do sth? = why dont you do sth.? “为什么不-”（表建议）/ youd better not do sth.“最好别做某事”；句7would rather not do sth.“宁愿不做某事”；句8，decide not to do sth.“决定不做某事”；句9，if引导条件状语从句，主句用将来时，从句则用一般现在时表将来；句10，前半句是否定的祈使句用”dont”开头，后半句的意思是“是的，我不会（忘的）”；句11，反义疑问句中陈述句部分是肯定句，疑问句部分要用“相应动词的否定形式+主语”的句式，因为该句子中的动词是情态动词will，所以疑问部分要用其否定形式”wont” + 主语。Few a few little a little1. Is there any milk in the bottle? Yes, there is _2. Sorry, I cant answer your question. I know _ about this subject. 3. That film is not interesting, so _ people like it.4. Do you speak Japanese? Yes, but only _5. Ive study Japanese for only _ months. 6. Tom was ill yesterday, but he feels _ better now. 7. All the students are busy, so _ of them will go to the cinema. 8. Mr. White is very lonely. He has _ friends, but he likes dogs and he has _ in his house .he says his dogs eat much and drink _9. He is a man of _ words, that is, he talks _10. In the past _ years, there have been a lot of changes in my hometown. 11. There is _ milk in this glass than in that one. 12. I picked _ apples than you, but mine is better than yours.答案：1.a little; 2.little; 3.few; 4.a little; 5.a few; 6.a little; 7.few; 8.few/ a few/ little; 9.a few/ little; 10.a few; 11.less; 12.fewer注释：few“不多，很少”，修饰可数名词复数（比较级fewer/ 最高级fewest）；little“数量少到几乎没有”修饰不可数名词（比较级less/ 最高级lest）；a few“几个”，修饰可数名词复数；a little“一点，少量”，修饰不可数名词，此外，a little还可以放在形容词比较级前，通常翻译成“-一点”，例如：a little better 好了一点/ a little smaller 小了一点。Borrow lend keep1. You can _ this book from the library. 2. Ive _ my bike to Li lei. 3. You mustnt _ this book to others. 44. You can _ this book for two weeks. 5. May I _ your pen? 6. How long may I _ this book? 7. Will you _ me your bike? = will you _ your bike to me? 8. I have no money, can you _ me some?答案：1.borrow; 2.lent; 3.lend; 4.keep; 5.borrow; 6.keep; 7.lend/ lend; 8.lend注释：这三个词都有“借”的意思，borrow指借进某物，常见搭配borrow - from -，从-借进（某物）；lend指借出某物，常见搭配lend sth to -，把某物借给-；要表示某物借多久，则用keep，它是延续性动词，其他两个词都为瞬间动词。And or1. A man _ a woman is going to give us a talk. 2. He is too young to know how to read _ write. 3. Hurry up, _ well be late for school. = if we dont hurry up, well be late for school. 4. Think hard, _ youll know the answer to the question. = if you think hard, youll know the answer to the question. 答案：1.or; 2.and; 3.or; 4.and注释：and“并且，和”，表示一种并列关系，连接两个并列主语，动词用复数形式，有时也可表示顺承关系，如句4，此时and通常不翻译；or“或者”，表示“两个当中有一个”的意思，连接两个主语，动词用单数形式，此外它还有“否则”的意思。Take bring carry fetch lift1. Its going to rain, Peter. Youd better _ this umbrella with you. 2. Thank you. Its very kind of you. Ill _ it back when I come next time. 3. Look! The woman is _ a baby in her arms. 4. Shall I _ you some tea? No, thanks. I like coffee better. 5. Waiter, please _ me some bread and a glass of milk. 6. When you go shopping, you must _ some money with you. 7. He is ill. We must _ him to hospital at once. 8. Sorry, I left my homework at home. I _ it here tomorrow. 9. One finger cant _ a stone. 10. The drunken man is lying in the middle of the road. Lets _ him to a safe place.答案：1.take; 2.bring; 3.carrying; 4.fetch; 5.fetch; 6.take; 7.carry; 8.bring; 9.lift; 10.carry注释：take“拿走，带走”，指把某样东西从一个地方带到另一个地方去；bring“带来”，指把某物从别的地方带过来；carry“搬，抬”，通常在表示抱着某人（物）时，也用carry；fetch“取来（某物），接（某人）”；lift“举起，抬起”。Quite quiet quick1. He drew _ a nice horse. 2. Keep_, please. 3. I dont _ agree with you. 4. Lets have a _ meal. 答案：1.quite; 2.quiet; 3.quite; 4.quick注释：这三个词形似义不同，quite“非常地，相当地”；quiet“安静的”；quick“快的，迅速的”。So- as as-as the same - as1. This car is _ expensive _ that one. 2. This car is _ that one. 3. Tom didnt go to school _ early _ Kate. 4. This shirt is _ size _ that one. 5. You have _ much money _ she. 6. You use _ dictionary _ she does. 7. There are _ many flowers in this garden _ in that one. 8. I like to have friends who are _ me.答案：1.as - as-; 2.the same as; 3.as - as -; 4.the same - as -; 5.so - as -; 6.the same - as -; 7. so - as -; 8.the same as注释：Town city1. He lives in a tall building in the _ of Toronto. 2. Shanghai is the biggest_ in china. 3. Living in _ is less healthy than living in the country. 4. He was born in a small _ not far from the _ of Changsha. 答案：1.city; 2.city; 3.town; 4.town; 注释：town指城镇；city指城市Another the other other others1. I dont like this one. Will you show me _ one? 2. All her _ friends are waiting outside the door. 3. There are three books on the desk. One is mine, _ two are yours. 4. Would you like _ piece of cake? 5. The post office is on _ side of the street. 6. There are many visitors in the park. Some are riding camels, _ are taking photos. 7. Many students are in the classroom. Some are cleaning the windows, _ are sweeping the floor. 8. You mustnt lend this book to _ . You can read it yourself. 9. We had fish, chicken, and some _ delicious food for dinner. 10. _ three bottles of beer, please. = Three _ bottles of beer, please.答案：1.another; 2.other; 3.the other; 4.another; 5.the other; 6.others; 7.others; 8.others; 9.other; 10.another/ other.注释：another“另一（个），再一（个）”；other“其他的”，泛指；the other “其他的”，特指在某个具体范围内其他的某人或某物（试比较句3和句6）；others “其他人，别人”。In front of in the front of in font 1. The teacher is speaking to us _ the classroom. 2. The teacher is speaking to us _ us. 3. a lot of cars are parking _ the school when there is a p